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Intervenções de enfermagem na gestão do stress parental em oncologia pediátrica : Scoping review
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Resumo(s)
Enquadramento:
O presente relatório integra a componente prática e reflexiva desenvolvida no Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica, realizada em contextos de neonatologia, urgência pediátrica e cirurgia pediátrica, bem como uma componente de investigação centrada nas intervenções de enfermagem dirigidas à gestão do stress parental em oncologia pediátrica.
Objetivos:
Descrever e refletir criticamente sobre o percurso formativo, evidenciando a aquisição de competências comuns e especificas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica, e mapear as estratégias de enfermagem utilizadas na gestão do stress parental em contexto de Oncologia Pediátrica.
Metodologia:
Foi adotada uma metodologia descritiva e reflexiva para análise do percurso formativo e uma scoping review orientada pelas recomendações do Joanna Briggs Institute e pelas diretrizes PRISMA-ScR. A pesquisa foi realizada em novembro de 2025 nas bases PubMed, B-on, CINAHL Complete e MEDLINE. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram incluídos nove estudos. A seleção e extração dos dados foram realizadas por dois revisores independentes.
Resultados:
As intervenções identificadas são predominantemente não farmacológicas e organizam-se em três eixos: capacitação parental, suporte relacional e comunicação terapêutica e regulação emocional e autocuidado. Os resultados evidenciam uma redução dos níveis de ansiedade, stress, depressão e fadiga, bem como melhoria na qualidade do sono, na autoeficácia e na adaptação emocional.
Conclusão:
A gestão do stress parental em oncologia pediátrica beneficia de uma abordagem multifacetada e centrada na família, assumindo o enfermeiro um papel central enquanto facilitador de processos de adaptação, capacitação e suporte emocional às famílias. A sistematização das intervenções constitui um contributo relevante para a prática baseada na evidência.
Palavras-chave: Enfermagem Pediátrica; Stress Parental; Oncologia Pediátrica; Intervenções de Enfermagem; scoping review.
Abstract Background: This report integrates the practical and reflective component developed within the Master’s Degree in Child and Pediatric Health Nursing, carried out in neonatology, pediatric emergency and pediatric surgery settings, as well as a research component focused on nursing interventions aimed at managing parental stress in pediatric oncology. Objectives: To describe and critically reflect on the educational pathway, highlighting the acquisition of common and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Child and Pediatric Health Nursing, and to map the nursing strategies used in the management of parental stress in the context of Pediatric Oncology. Methodology: A descriptive and reflective methodology was adopted to analyse the training pathway, together with a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search was conducted in November 2025 in the PubMed and B-on platforms, as well as in the CINAHL Complete and MEDLINE databases. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine studies were included. Study selection and data extraction were carried out by two independent reviewers. Results: The identified interventions are predominantly non pharmacological and are organised into three main domains: parental empowerment, relational support and therapeutic communication, and emotional regulation and self care. The results demonstrate a reduction in levels of anxiety, stress, depression and fatigue, as well as improvements in sleep quality, self efficacy and emotional adaptation. Conclusion: The management of parental stress in pediatric oncology benefits from a multifaceted and family-centred approach, in which the nurse assumes a central role as a facilitator of adaptation processes, empowerment and emotional support for families. The systematisation of interventions represents a relevant contribution to evidence-based practice. Keywords: Pediatric Nursing; Parental Stress; Pediatric Oncology; Nursing Interventions; Scoping review
Abstract Background: This report integrates the practical and reflective component developed within the Master’s Degree in Child and Pediatric Health Nursing, carried out in neonatology, pediatric emergency and pediatric surgery settings, as well as a research component focused on nursing interventions aimed at managing parental stress in pediatric oncology. Objectives: To describe and critically reflect on the educational pathway, highlighting the acquisition of common and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Child and Pediatric Health Nursing, and to map the nursing strategies used in the management of parental stress in the context of Pediatric Oncology. Methodology: A descriptive and reflective methodology was adopted to analyse the training pathway, together with a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search was conducted in November 2025 in the PubMed and B-on platforms, as well as in the CINAHL Complete and MEDLINE databases. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine studies were included. Study selection and data extraction were carried out by two independent reviewers. Results: The identified interventions are predominantly non pharmacological and are organised into three main domains: parental empowerment, relational support and therapeutic communication, and emotional regulation and self care. The results demonstrate a reduction in levels of anxiety, stress, depression and fatigue, as well as improvements in sleep quality, self efficacy and emotional adaptation. Conclusion: The management of parental stress in pediatric oncology benefits from a multifaceted and family-centred approach, in which the nurse assumes a central role as a facilitator of adaptation processes, empowerment and emotional support for families. The systematisation of interventions represents a relevant contribution to evidence-based practice. Keywords: Pediatric Nursing; Parental Stress; Pediatric Oncology; Nursing Interventions; Scoping review
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Palavras-chave
Criança Enfermagem pediátrica Neoplasias Pais - psicologia Revisão scoping Stresse psicológico Child Neoplasms Parents - psychology Pediatric nursing Scoping review Stress psychological