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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional é uma realidade mundial decorrente de
mudanças expressivas, essencialmente nas taxas de fertilidade e de mortalidade. Esta
condição levou à necessidade crescente na procura por estabelecimentos residenciais
para idosos no sentido de assegurar a manutenção dos cuidados diários que não podem
ser supridos no seio familiar. A Qualidade destas instituições e dos cuidados praticados
aos seus residentes tornou-se objeto de investigação de elevado relevo.
Objetivos: Identificar em que medida a realidade sociodemográfica e socio-espacial, o
estado de independência, afetivo e familiar influenciam a Qualidade de Vida dos idosos
institucionalizados na Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Castelo Branco.
Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e correlacional, transversal, do tipo não
experimental, realizado com uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência,
constituída por 138 idosos institucionalizados numa misericórdia do interior do país
com idades compreendidas entre os 65 e os 98 anos (𝑥̅₌ 86,55 anos), sendo 65,22% do
sexo feminino e 34,78% de sexo masculino. Na recolha de dados foi usado um
questionário (adhoc) composto por questões de caracterização sociodemográfica e pelas
escalas de avaliação do estado afetivo, de independência, da funcionalidade familiar e
da qualidade de vida.
Resultados: Os idosos apresentam valores médios de qualidade de vida (157,67±22,2
pontos, num possível máximo de 216 pontos). Os domínios melhor avaliados foram o
bem-estar espiritual, a dignidade e a segurança, e os que obtiveram scores mais baixos,
as atividades significativas, a individualidade, e o conforto. A maioria dos idosos é feliz
a viver na Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Castelo Branco (78,3%). Os idosos com
dependência moderada são os mais representativos (38,4%), seguindo-se os
independentes (29,7%). No estado afetivo, 52,2% dos idosos não apresentam depressão.
As famílias funcionais representam 64,5% enquanto as disfuncionais 35,5% dos idosos
institucionalizados. O sexo, a idade, o estado civil, as habilitações literárias e o tempo
de institucionalização não demonstraram influenciar a qualidade de vida do idoso. A
razão da institucionalização, o lar da instituição bem como o tipo de quarto
demonstraram influenciar a qualidade de vida. A felicidade do idoso ao viver na
instituição demonstrou ter uma influência positiva. Níveis mais elevados de
dependência, presença de depressão e existência de uma família disfuncional
evidenciaram índices de qualidade de vida mais baixos nos idosos institucionalizados.
Conclusão: Com vista ao processo de melhoria contínia identificamos fatores que
influenciam a Qualidade de Vida dos idosos institucionalizados o que nos permite
encetar intervenções que visem a prevenção ou manutenção de um máximo de
qualidade na vivência dos utentes em lares de idosos.
Palavras-chave: Envelhecimento; Qualidade de Vida; Idoso; Casas de Saúde.
Abstract Introduction: Population aging is a worldwide reality due to significant changes, mainly in fertility and mortality rates. This condition has led to the growing need in the search for residential establishments for the elderly in order to ensure the maintenance of daily care that can not be supplied within the family. The quality of these institutions and the care given to their residents has become the focus of research. Objectives: To identify the extent to which the sociodemographic and socio-spatial reality, the independence, affective and family status influence the Quality of Life of the elderly institutionalized in the Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Castelo Branco. Method: A quantitative, descriptive and correlational, cross-sectional and nonexperimental type study with a non-probabilistic sample of convenience, consisting of 138 elderly persons institutionalized in an nursing home of the interior country aged 65- 98 years (𝑥̅₌ 86,55 years), being 65.22% female and 34.78% male. In the collection of data, a questionnaire (adhoc) was used composed of questions of sociodemographic characterization and the evaluation scales of the affective state, independence, family functionality and quality of life. Results: The elderly presented medium rank values of quality of life (157.67 ± 22.2 points, in a possible maximum of 216 points). The areas best evaluated were spiritual well-being, dignity and safety, and those who scored lower, were significant activities, individuality, and comfort. The majority of the elderly are happy to live in Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Castelo Branco (78.3%). The elderly with moderate dependence are the most representative (38.4%), followed by the independent ones (29.7%). In the affective state, 52.2% of the elderly do not present depression. Functional families represent 64.5% while dysfunctional 35.5% of the institutionalized elderly. Sex, age, marital status, educational qualifications and length of institutionalization have not been shown to influence the quality of life of the elderly. The reason for the institutionalization, the home of the institution as well as the type of room showed to influence the quality of life. The happiness of the elderly while living in the institution has shown to have a positive influence. Higher levels of dependency, presence of depression and existence of a dysfunctional family showed lower quality of life indices in the institutionalized elderly. Conclusion: With a view to the process of continuous improvement, we identify factors that influence the quality of life of the institutionalized elderly, which allows us to initiate interventions aimed at preventing or maintaining a maximum of quality in the experience of the users in nursing homes. Keywords: Aging; Quality of Life; Elderly; Nursing Homes.
Abstract Introduction: Population aging is a worldwide reality due to significant changes, mainly in fertility and mortality rates. This condition has led to the growing need in the search for residential establishments for the elderly in order to ensure the maintenance of daily care that can not be supplied within the family. The quality of these institutions and the care given to their residents has become the focus of research. Objectives: To identify the extent to which the sociodemographic and socio-spatial reality, the independence, affective and family status influence the Quality of Life of the elderly institutionalized in the Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Castelo Branco. Method: A quantitative, descriptive and correlational, cross-sectional and nonexperimental type study with a non-probabilistic sample of convenience, consisting of 138 elderly persons institutionalized in an nursing home of the interior country aged 65- 98 years (𝑥̅₌ 86,55 years), being 65.22% female and 34.78% male. In the collection of data, a questionnaire (adhoc) was used composed of questions of sociodemographic characterization and the evaluation scales of the affective state, independence, family functionality and quality of life. Results: The elderly presented medium rank values of quality of life (157.67 ± 22.2 points, in a possible maximum of 216 points). The areas best evaluated were spiritual well-being, dignity and safety, and those who scored lower, were significant activities, individuality, and comfort. The majority of the elderly are happy to live in Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Castelo Branco (78.3%). The elderly with moderate dependence are the most representative (38.4%), followed by the independent ones (29.7%). In the affective state, 52.2% of the elderly do not present depression. Functional families represent 64.5% while dysfunctional 35.5% of the institutionalized elderly. Sex, age, marital status, educational qualifications and length of institutionalization have not been shown to influence the quality of life of the elderly. The reason for the institutionalization, the home of the institution as well as the type of room showed to influence the quality of life. The happiness of the elderly while living in the institution has shown to have a positive influence. Higher levels of dependency, presence of depression and existence of a dysfunctional family showed lower quality of life indices in the institutionalized elderly. Conclusion: With a view to the process of continuous improvement, we identify factors that influence the quality of life of the institutionalized elderly, which allows us to initiate interventions aimed at preventing or maintaining a maximum of quality in the experience of the users in nursing homes. Keywords: Aging; Quality of Life; Elderly; Nursing Homes.
Description
Keywords
Depressão Envelhecimento Família Idoso Institucionalização Lares para idosos Qualidade de vida Aged Aging Depression Family Homes for the aged Institutionalization Quality of life