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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: Componente de estágio - O estágio com relatório final é basilar para a
realização das experiências mínimas legalmente exigidas para obtenção do título de especialista
em enfermagem de saúde materna e obstétrica e obtenção do grau de mestre em enfermagem
de saúde materna, obstetrícia e ginecologia. Componente de investigação – O pós-parto é
desafiante para a mulher/casal, no ajustamento e adaptação aos novos papéis e solicitações,
quer no autocuidado, cuidado do bebé e particularmente em iniciar e manter o processo de
amamentação.
Objetivos: Componente de estágio – Refletir criticamente sobre as atividades desenvolvidas
para a aquisição de competências inerentes à obtenção do grau de mestre em enfermagem de
saúde materna, obstetrícia e ginecologia e ao certificado do curso de pós-licenciatura e
especialização em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica e daí decorrente a capacitação
para conceber, planear, executar e avaliar intervenções tendentes à promoção da Saúde
Reprodutiva, bem como prestar cuidados de enfermagem especializados nas suas distintas áreas
de intervenção. Componente de investigação - Identificar as dificuldades na amamentação,
verificar se as variáveis sociodemográficas influenciam o nível de dificuldade na amamentação,
identificar a relação entre as variáveis obstétricas e o nível de dificuldade na amamentação,
determinar a relação entre o apoio sentido e o nível de dificuldade na amamentação.
Metodologia: Componente de estágio – Adota-se uma estratégia de prática reflexiva sobre as
atividades e estratégias adotadas durante os estágios, dificuldades sentidas e aspetos a melhorar.
Componente de investigação - Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e correlacional, tendo a amostra
sido selecionada através do método bola de neve e a respetiva colheita de dados obtida através
da aplicação de um questionário on-line a 345 mulheres, em período recente de amamentação.
Estudo autorizado por comissão de ética.
Resultados: Foram atingidas as experiências mínimas legalmente exigidas, e adquiridas as
competências específicas à enfermagem especializada em saúde materna e obstétrica, na
componente de estágio. Na componente de investigação foi possível apurar que relativamente
à escala das dificuldades na amamentação é nas condições técnicas que as mães sentem maior
dificuldade (5,54), seguindo-se as condições maternas (2,25) e as condições do recém-nascido
(1,92). Apurou-se ainda que os itens “2-estabelecer uma boa pega”(2,71), “4-manter uma
mamada sem dor”(2,55), e “11-receber apoio adequado para amamentar” (2,35)são os que mais
contribuem individualmente para cada uma das 3 dimensões. As maiores dificuldades centram se na área de residência (residir na aldeia), no tempo de internamento das puérperas (superior a
3 dias), no peso do bebé ao nascer (inferior a 2500gr), e no apoio às mulheres ( não terem tido
apoio). Foi ainda possível concluir que os cuidados dos enfermeiros de cuidados gerais foram
os que mais contribuíram para o apoio sentido (3,11 comparativamente a 3,05 dos outros itens).
Conclusão: Durante o estágio foram atingidas as experiências mínimas legalmente exigidas. No
contexto de investigação concluiu-se que as principais dificuldades sentidas e apontadas pelas
mães são em estabelecer uma boa pega, em manter uma mamada sem dor e em receber apoio
adequado para amamentar.
Palavras-chave: Competências, Enfermeiro Obstetra, dificuldades, amamentação, enfermagem.
Abstract Background: Internship component - The internship with final report is basic for carrying out the minimum experiences legally required to obtain the title of specialist in nursing in maternal and obstetric health and obtain the title of master in nursing in maternal health, obstetrics and gynecology. Research component – The postpartum period is challenging for the woman/couple, in adjusting and adapting to new roles and requests, whether in self-care, baby care and particularly in starting and maintaining the breastfeeding process. Objectives: Internship component – Critically reflect on the activities developed to acquire skills inherent to obtaining a master's degree in nursing in maternal health, obstetrics and gynecology and the certificate of the postgraduate course and specialization in Maternal and Obstetric Nursing and This results in training to design, plan, execute and evaluate interventions aimed at promoting Reproductive Health, as well as providing specialized nursing care in its different areas of intervention. Research component - Identify difficulties in breastfeeding, verify whether sociodemographic variables influence the level of difficulty in breastfeeding, identify the relationship between obstetric variables and the level of difficulty in breastfeeding, determine the relationship between the support felt and the level of difficulty in breastfeeding. Methodology: Internship component – A reflective practice strategy is adopted on the activities and strategies adopted during internships, difficulties experienced and aspects to be improved. Research component - Quantitative, descriptive and correlational study, with the sample selected through the snowball method and the respective data collection obtained through the application of an online questionnaire to 345 women, recently breastfeeding. Study authorized by ethics committee. Results: The minimum legally required experiences were achieved, and skills specific to nursing specializing in maternal and obstetric health were acquired, in the internship component. In the research component, it was possible to verify that in relation to the scale of difficulties in breastfeeding, it is in the technical conditions that mothers experience the greatest difficulty (5.54), followed by maternal conditions (2.25) and conditions of the newborn (1, 92). It was also found that the items “2-establish a good latch”(2.71), “4-maintain pain-free breastfeeding”(2.55), and “11-receive adequate support for breastfeeding” (2.35 )are those that contribute the most individually to each of the 3 dimensions. The biggest difficulties are centered on the area of residence (living in the village), the length of hospital stay for women who have recently given birth (over 3 days), the weight of the baby at birth (less than 2500g), and support for women (not feeling supported). . It was also possible to conclude that the care provided by general care nurses contributed most to the support felt (3.11 compared to 3.05 for the other items). Conclusion: During the internship, the minimum legally required experiences were achieved. In the research context, it was concluded that the main difficulties experienced and highlighted by mothers are in establishing a good latch, maintaining a pain-free breastfeed and receiving adequate support for breastfeeding. Keywords: Skills, Obstetric Nurse, difficulties, breastfeeding, nursing.
Abstract Background: Internship component - The internship with final report is basic for carrying out the minimum experiences legally required to obtain the title of specialist in nursing in maternal and obstetric health and obtain the title of master in nursing in maternal health, obstetrics and gynecology. Research component – The postpartum period is challenging for the woman/couple, in adjusting and adapting to new roles and requests, whether in self-care, baby care and particularly in starting and maintaining the breastfeeding process. Objectives: Internship component – Critically reflect on the activities developed to acquire skills inherent to obtaining a master's degree in nursing in maternal health, obstetrics and gynecology and the certificate of the postgraduate course and specialization in Maternal and Obstetric Nursing and This results in training to design, plan, execute and evaluate interventions aimed at promoting Reproductive Health, as well as providing specialized nursing care in its different areas of intervention. Research component - Identify difficulties in breastfeeding, verify whether sociodemographic variables influence the level of difficulty in breastfeeding, identify the relationship between obstetric variables and the level of difficulty in breastfeeding, determine the relationship between the support felt and the level of difficulty in breastfeeding. Methodology: Internship component – A reflective practice strategy is adopted on the activities and strategies adopted during internships, difficulties experienced and aspects to be improved. Research component - Quantitative, descriptive and correlational study, with the sample selected through the snowball method and the respective data collection obtained through the application of an online questionnaire to 345 women, recently breastfeeding. Study authorized by ethics committee. Results: The minimum legally required experiences were achieved, and skills specific to nursing specializing in maternal and obstetric health were acquired, in the internship component. In the research component, it was possible to verify that in relation to the scale of difficulties in breastfeeding, it is in the technical conditions that mothers experience the greatest difficulty (5.54), followed by maternal conditions (2.25) and conditions of the newborn (1, 92). It was also found that the items “2-establish a good latch”(2.71), “4-maintain pain-free breastfeeding”(2.55), and “11-receive adequate support for breastfeeding” (2.35 )are those that contribute the most individually to each of the 3 dimensions. The biggest difficulties are centered on the area of residence (living in the village), the length of hospital stay for women who have recently given birth (over 3 days), the weight of the baby at birth (less than 2500g), and support for women (not feeling supported). . It was also possible to conclude that the care provided by general care nurses contributed most to the support felt (3.11 compared to 3.05 for the other items). Conclusion: During the internship, the minimum legally required experiences were achieved. In the research context, it was concluded that the main difficulties experienced and highlighted by mothers are in establishing a good latch, maintaining a pain-free breastfeed and receiving adequate support for breastfeeding. Keywords: Skills, Obstetric Nurse, difficulties, breastfeeding, nursing.
Description
Keywords
Aleitamento materno Enfermagem obstétrica Lactação Mastite Perturbações do puerpério Teoria de enfermagem Breast feeding Lactation Mastitis Nursing theory Obstetric nursing Puerperal disorders