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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: Os cuidados paliativos assumem-se como um direito humano, uma vez que são preponderantes para o bem-estar e o conforto em situação de doença crónica, paliativa e de finitude, constituindo-se como dever ético por parte dos profissionais de saúde a sua promoção. Assentam, sobretudo, na prevenção e alívio do sofrimento físico, psicológico e espiritual, na melhoria do bem-estar e no apoio aos doentes e às suas famílias, respeitando a autonomia, a vontade, a individualidade, a dignidade da pessoa e a inviolabilidade da vida humana. O controlo de sintomas é uma das maiores preocupações da pessoa em fim de vida e sua família, requerendo uma avaliação sistemática, excelentes cuidados de enfermagem e uma prescrição clínica cuidadosa. De forma particular, os cuidados paliativos baseiam a sua atividade clínica multidisciplinar na dignidade da pessoa doente e sua família.
Objetivos: Determinar o grau de dignidade auto-percebido das pessoas em fim de vida; caracterizar a sintomatologia das pessoas em fim de vida; avaliar se os sintomas têm implicação na dignidade auto-percebida das pessoas em fim de vida.
Métodos: Estudo correlacional em corte transversal, realizado em contexto paliativo, numa amostra de 83 participantes (50,6% mulheres), com uma média de 70,95 anos. O instrumento de recolha de informação ficou constituído por um questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas de Edmonton (Edmonton Symptom Assessment System) e a Escala de Dignidade do Doente (The Patient Dignity Inventory, Chochinov et al., 2008).
Resultados: Cerca de 73,8% das mulheres e 73,2% dos homens autopercecionam uma dignidade positiva (moderada a elevada). Por outro lado, 76,2% das pessoas que experienciam uma elevada dignidade têm sintomatologia leve. De modo semelhante, 72,7% das pessoas com uma baixa dignidade auto-percebida apresentam sintomatologia grave e quanto maiores os valores dos sintomas (que correspondem a uma presença de sintomas mais intensa), maiores serão os valores da dignidade (que correspondem a uma dignidade mais baixa) nas suas diferentes vertentes e na sua globalidade. Os sintomas revelam poder explicativo na Dignidade (49,8%).
Conclusão: Os resultados mostram que a dignidade é auto-percebida como positiva por 73,5% das pessoas em fim de vida. A identificação dos sintomas em pessoas em fim de vida potencia o desenvolvimento e implementação de estratégias clínicas promotoras da sua dignidade.
Abstract Background: Palliative care are assumed to be a human right, since they are crucial for the well-being and comfort in a situation of chronic disease, palliative and finitude, constituting an ethical duty on the part of health professionals to promote it. They are based, above all, on preventing and alleviating physical, psychological and spiritual suffering, improving well-being and supporting patients and their families, respecting their autonomy, will, individuality, dignity of the person and the inviolability of human life. The symptom control is one of the greatest concerns of the end-of-life person and his family, requiring a systematic evaluation, excellent nursing care and careful clinical prescription. In particular, palliative care bases its multidisciplinary clinical activity on the dignity of the sick person and their family. Objectives: Determine the degree of self-perceived dignity of people at the end of life; characterize the symptoms of people in end of life; assess whether symptoms have an effect on the self-perceived dignity of people at the end of life. Methods: Correlative study in cross section, held in palliative context, with a sample of 83 participants (50,6% women), with an average of 70,95 years. The data collection tool was composed of a sociodemographic, Edmonton Symptom Assessment System and the Patient Dignity Inventory (Chochinov et al., 2008). Results: About 73,8% of women and 73,2% of men self-perceive a positive dignity (moderate to high). On the other side, 76,2% of people who experience high dignity have mild symptoms. Similarly, 72,7% of the people with a low self-perceived dignity present severe symptomatology and the higher the symptom values (corresponding to a more intense presence of symptoms), the higher the values of dignity (which correspond to a lower dignity), in its different aspects and as a whole. The symptoms have explanatory power in Dignity (49,8%). Conclusion: The results show that dignity is self-perceived as positive by 73.5% of end-of-life people. The identification of symptoms in end-of-life people strengthens the development and implementation of clinical strategies that promote their dignity.
Abstract Background: Palliative care are assumed to be a human right, since they are crucial for the well-being and comfort in a situation of chronic disease, palliative and finitude, constituting an ethical duty on the part of health professionals to promote it. They are based, above all, on preventing and alleviating physical, psychological and spiritual suffering, improving well-being and supporting patients and their families, respecting their autonomy, will, individuality, dignity of the person and the inviolability of human life. The symptom control is one of the greatest concerns of the end-of-life person and his family, requiring a systematic evaluation, excellent nursing care and careful clinical prescription. In particular, palliative care bases its multidisciplinary clinical activity on the dignity of the sick person and their family. Objectives: Determine the degree of self-perceived dignity of people at the end of life; characterize the symptoms of people in end of life; assess whether symptoms have an effect on the self-perceived dignity of people at the end of life. Methods: Correlative study in cross section, held in palliative context, with a sample of 83 participants (50,6% women), with an average of 70,95 years. The data collection tool was composed of a sociodemographic, Edmonton Symptom Assessment System and the Patient Dignity Inventory (Chochinov et al., 2008). Results: About 73,8% of women and 73,2% of men self-perceive a positive dignity (moderate to high). On the other side, 76,2% of people who experience high dignity have mild symptoms. Similarly, 72,7% of the people with a low self-perceived dignity present severe symptomatology and the higher the symptom values (corresponding to a more intense presence of symptoms), the higher the values of dignity (which correspond to a lower dignity), in its different aspects and as a whole. The symptoms have explanatory power in Dignity (49,8%). Conclusion: The results show that dignity is self-perceived as positive by 73.5% of end-of-life people. The identification of symptoms in end-of-life people strengthens the development and implementation of clinical strategies that promote their dignity.
Description
Keywords
Dignidade humana Doente terminal Tratamento paliativo Palliative care Personhood Terminally ill