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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: Cuidar de doentes com necessidades de cuidados paliativos envolve a prevenção
e o tratamento/controlo dos sintomas e do sofrimento. Como os enfermeiros desempenham um papel
fundamental nesta área, a preparação adequada em todas as esferas dos cuidados paliativos é
crucial. Por conseguinte, procurou-se estudar os determinantes que influenciam a formação dos
enfermeiros das Unidades de Cuidados Continuados Integrados de Longa Duração (UCCILD) do
Distrito de Viseu.
Objetivos: Conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros que trabalham em UCCILD sobre a sua formação
em cuidados paliativos; Identificar os determinantes que influenciam a formação em cuidados
paliativos dos enfermeiros das UCCILD do Distrito de Viseu; descrever a relação das variáveis de
caracterização sociodemográfica com a formação em cuidados paliativos dos enfermeiros das
UCCILD do Distrito de Viseu
Métodos: Estudo de natureza quantitativa, com corte transversal, descritivo-analítico numa amostra
não probabilística por conveniência constituída por 93 enfermeiros a trabalhar em Unidades de
Cuidados Continuados de Longa Duração do Distrito de Viseu, sendo a maioria do género feminino
(81,7%), com uma média de idades de 30,90 anos (±5,95 anos). O instrumento de recolha de dados,
elaborado ad hoc, inclui um questionário com questões de caracterização sociodemográfica e
profissional, questões relativas à formação em cuidados paliativos, às principais necessidades que o
doente apresenta em fim de vida, questões referentes à importância da intervenção do Enfermeiro em
cuidados paliativos e à formação sobre cuidados paliativos.
Resultados: A maioria dos enfermeiros (44,1%) tem a perceção que a sua formação como suficiente
e 25,8% considera-a insuficiente. Quase a totalidade da amostra assumiu como importante
desenvolver mais os conteúdos e aumentar a carga horária sobre cuidados paliativos no curso de
licenciatura em enfermagem (95,7%); 78,5% receberam, durante o curso, informação sobre
cuidados a doentes em situação terminal; 55,9% referem que depois de terminarem o curso
frequentaram formação na área dos cuidados paliativos; 64,5% sentem-se preparados para cuidar
doentes paliativos; 60,2% consideram que os enfermeiros da sua Instituição/unidade/serviço estão
preparados para cuidar destes doentes. Enquanto profissionais frequentaram acções de formação em
cuidados paliativos com uma média de 40,65±46,63 horas de formação; 83,3% dos enfermeiros a
referirem que essa formação não teve componente prática (estágio). A falta de tempo (61,0%), a
pouca oferta formativa na área e a falta de conhecimento de formação na área (31,7%), foram
apontados como principais motivos pelos quais 44,1% dos enfermeiros nunca frequentaram formação
extracurricular na área dos cuidados paliativos; 88,2% gostariam de frequentar formação específica
na área, com a maioria (60,0%) a referir que gostaria de tirar uma Pós-graduação. Quer os
Enfermeiros (88,2%) quer as Enfermeiras (72,3%) expressam que gostariam de frequentar formação
na área. O controlo de sintomas (72,0%), a comunicação em cuidados paliativos (67,0%), o apoio à
família e cuidador (66,0%), doente em situação terminal/processo de morrer (63,0%) e apoio no
processo de perda e luto (60%) são as áreas que mais gostariam de ver aprofundadas.
Maioritariamente, os enfermeiros (64,5%) consideram estar reparados para cuidar doentes paliativos
(82,4% Enfermeiros vs. 60,5% Enfermeiras), tendo 92,5% atribuído um grau de muita importância à
intervenção do Enfermeiro em cuidados paliativos. As necessidades percepcionadas pelos
enfermeiros como mais importantes num doente em fim de vida foram “Alívio do sofrimentos
(sintomas)” (M=1,72) e “ser tratado como um ser humano” (M=2,99).
Conclusões: Apesar da maioria dos enfermeiros considerarem estar preparada para cuidar doentes
com necessidades paliativas os resultados revelam que a grande maioria gostaria de frequentar
formação específica na área. Surge, assim, a necessidade de se investir mais sobre aspetos
específicos de intervenção paliativa na formação os enfermeiros das Unidades de Cuidados
Continuados Integrados de Longa Duração, capacitando-os para o desempenho de boas práticas. As
situações com que lidam no dia-a-dia são de grande complexidade com doenças/processos crónicos
e vários níveis de incapacidade, exigindo prestação de cuidados que satisfaçam as suas
necessidades globais, numa visão holística e de acordo com os princípios que regem os cuidados
paliativos.
Abstract Background: Caring for patients with palliative care needs involves the prevention and treatment / control of symptoms and suffering. As nurses play a key role in this area, adequate preparation in all spheres of palliative care is crucial. Therefore, we sought to study the determinants that influence the training of nurses in the Integrated Long-term Care Units (UCCILD) of the District of Viseu. Objectives: To know the perception of the nurses working in UCCILD about their training in palliative care; To identify the determinants that influence the training in palliative care of UCCILD nurses from the District of Viseu; to describe the relationship of variables of sociodemographic characterization with the training in palliative care of UCCILD nurses from the District of Viseu Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study in a non-probabilistic sample for the convenience of 93 nurses working in Long-term Care Units of the District of Viseu, most of them female (81.7% ), with a mean age of 30.90 years (± 5.95 years). The data collection instrument, developed ad hoc, includes a questionnaire with questions of sociodemographic and professional characterization, questions related to training in palliative care, the main needs that the patient presents at the end of life, questions concerning the importance of the intervention of the Nurse in palliative care and in palliative care training. Results: Most nurses (44.1%) perceived their training as sufficient and 25.8% considered it insufficient. Almost all of the sample assumed as important to further develop the contents and increase the workload on palliative care in the degree course in nursing (95.7%); 78.5% received information during the course on care for terminally ill patients; 55.9% reported that after completing the course they attended training in palliative care; 64.5% feel prepared to care for palliative patients; 60.2% consider that the nurses of their Institution / unit / service are prepared to take care of these patients. While professionals attended training courses in palliative care with an average of 40.65 ± 46.63 hours of training; 83.3% of the nurses mentioned that this training had no practical component (stage). The lack of time (61.0%), the lack of training in the area and the lack of training knowledge in the area (31.7%) were pointed out as the main reasons why 44.1% of the nurses never attended extracurricular training in the field of palliative care; 88.2% would like to attend specific training in the area, with the majority (60.0%) mentioning that they would like to take a Postgraduate Degree. Both nurses (88.2%) and nurses (72.3%) expressed that they would like to attend training in the area. Control of symptoms (72.0%), communication in palliative care (67.0%), support to the family and caregiver (66.0%), terminally ill / dying process (63.0%), and support in the process of loss and mourning (60%) are the areas they would most like to see in depth. The majority of nurses (64.5%) consider being repaired to care for palliative patients (82.4% Nurses vs. 60.5% Nurses), and 92.5% assigned a very important degree to the nurse's intervention in palliative care . The needs perceived by nurses as most important in an end-of-life patient were "Relief of suffering (symptoms)" (M = 1.72) and "being treated as a human being" (M = 2.99). Conclusions: Although the majority of nurses consider being prepared to care for patients with palliative needs, the results reveal that the vast majority would like to attend specific training in the area. Thus, the need to invest more on specific aspects of palliative intervention in the training of the nurses of Integrated Long-term Integrated Care Units, enabling them to perform good practices. The situations they deal with on a day-to-day basis are highly complex with chronic diseases / processes and various levels of disability, requiring care that meets their global needs, in a holistic view and in accordance with the principles governing care palliative measures.
Abstract Background: Caring for patients with palliative care needs involves the prevention and treatment / control of symptoms and suffering. As nurses play a key role in this area, adequate preparation in all spheres of palliative care is crucial. Therefore, we sought to study the determinants that influence the training of nurses in the Integrated Long-term Care Units (UCCILD) of the District of Viseu. Objectives: To know the perception of the nurses working in UCCILD about their training in palliative care; To identify the determinants that influence the training in palliative care of UCCILD nurses from the District of Viseu; to describe the relationship of variables of sociodemographic characterization with the training in palliative care of UCCILD nurses from the District of Viseu Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study in a non-probabilistic sample for the convenience of 93 nurses working in Long-term Care Units of the District of Viseu, most of them female (81.7% ), with a mean age of 30.90 years (± 5.95 years). The data collection instrument, developed ad hoc, includes a questionnaire with questions of sociodemographic and professional characterization, questions related to training in palliative care, the main needs that the patient presents at the end of life, questions concerning the importance of the intervention of the Nurse in palliative care and in palliative care training. Results: Most nurses (44.1%) perceived their training as sufficient and 25.8% considered it insufficient. Almost all of the sample assumed as important to further develop the contents and increase the workload on palliative care in the degree course in nursing (95.7%); 78.5% received information during the course on care for terminally ill patients; 55.9% reported that after completing the course they attended training in palliative care; 64.5% feel prepared to care for palliative patients; 60.2% consider that the nurses of their Institution / unit / service are prepared to take care of these patients. While professionals attended training courses in palliative care with an average of 40.65 ± 46.63 hours of training; 83.3% of the nurses mentioned that this training had no practical component (stage). The lack of time (61.0%), the lack of training in the area and the lack of training knowledge in the area (31.7%) were pointed out as the main reasons why 44.1% of the nurses never attended extracurricular training in the field of palliative care; 88.2% would like to attend specific training in the area, with the majority (60.0%) mentioning that they would like to take a Postgraduate Degree. Both nurses (88.2%) and nurses (72.3%) expressed that they would like to attend training in the area. Control of symptoms (72.0%), communication in palliative care (67.0%), support to the family and caregiver (66.0%), terminally ill / dying process (63.0%), and support in the process of loss and mourning (60%) are the areas they would most like to see in depth. The majority of nurses (64.5%) consider being repaired to care for palliative patients (82.4% Nurses vs. 60.5% Nurses), and 92.5% assigned a very important degree to the nurse's intervention in palliative care . The needs perceived by nurses as most important in an end-of-life patient were "Relief of suffering (symptoms)" (M = 1.72) and "being treated as a human being" (M = 2.99). Conclusions: Although the majority of nurses consider being prepared to care for patients with palliative needs, the results reveal that the vast majority would like to attend specific training in the area. Thus, the need to invest more on specific aspects of palliative intervention in the training of the nurses of Integrated Long-term Integrated Care Units, enabling them to perform good practices. The situations they deal with on a day-to-day basis are highly complex with chronic diseases / processes and various levels of disability, requiring care that meets their global needs, in a holistic view and in accordance with the principles governing care palliative measures.
Description
Keywords
Continuidade de cuidados ao doente Departamentos hospitalares Enfermagem de cuidados paliativos e terminais Formação contínua em enfermagem Prestação integrada de cuidados de saúde Tratamento paliativo Continuity of patient care Delivery of health care, integrated Education, nursing, continuing Hospice and palliative care nursing Hospital departments Palliative care Viseu Portugal