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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O fenómeno do envelhecimento da população traz novos desafios aos profissionais de
saúde. Os idosos tornaram-se nos maiores consumidores de cuidados de saúde e os
enfermeiros, os profissionais que mais tempo lhes dedicam. Assim, torna-se pertinente
identificar as atitudes dos enfermeiros face aos idosos, avaliar o efeito das variáveis
sociodemográficas e profissionais nessas atitudes e avaliar a sua correlação com os
comportamentos de cuidar.
Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional e transversal. O
instrumento de colheita de dados incluiu questões sociodemográficas e profissionais, o
Inventário de Comportamentos do Cuidar (ICC) e a Escala de Atitudes Face aos Idosos de
Kogan. Participaram 202 enfermeiros de todo o país, uma amostragem com recurso ao
método de bola de neve, tendo a colheita de dados sido realizada através da internet.
Os resultados revelam que, relativamente às atitudes perante os idosos, os enfermeiros
têm uma atitude desfavorável face aos mesmos no que concerne às dimensões: “Relações
interpessoais entre gerações”, “Capacidades cognitivas” e “Dependência”. De forma oposta,
demonstram atitudes favoráveis relativamente às dimensões “Homogeneidade dos idosos
enquanto grupo”, “Aparência pessoal e personalidade”, ”Sentimentos provocados pela
convivência com idosos”, bem como para o “Total da Escala de Kogan“. Analisando a
influência das variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais nas atitudes dos enfermeiros face
aos idosos, apenas se verifica correlação estatisticamente significativa para as habilitações
literárias, sendo que os enfermeiros que possuem Mestrado e/ou Doutoramento apresentam
melhores atitudes face ao idoso. Não se verificou assim diferença no que concerne às
variáveis: idade, sexo, estado civil e cohabitação com pessoa idosa. Verificou-se ainda, pela
análise da relação dos comportamentos do cuidar dos enfermeiros com as suas atitudes face
aos idosso que apenas existe correlação significativa com a dimensão "Investimento ético”,
sendo que este se correlaciona diretamente com melhores atitudes face ao idoso.
Identificou-se a necessidade de desmistificar alguns conceitos dos enfermeiros sobre
os idosos e fomentar a melhoria das atitudes destes profissionais face aos idosos. Neste
âmbito, sugere-se o aumento da formação ética e académica dos enfermeiros, e a
implementação de projetos de melhoria contínua dos cuidados de enfermagem.
Palavras-chave: Idoso; Enfermeiros; Atitudes; Cuidar; Estereótipos;
Comportamentos.
ABSTRACT Aging of population holds new challenges to health care professionals. The elder became the greater consumers of health care and nurses, the professionals that dedicate them most of the time. Thus, it is relevant to identify the attitudes of nurses in the sight of the elder, to assess the effect of social-demographic and professional variables in those attitudes and assess its correlation with care conduct. This is a quantitative, descriptive-correlative and transversal study. Social, demographic and professional. questions were included in the Inventory of Care Conduct (ICC) and Attitudes Towards Elder scale, from Kogan. 202 nurses around all the country participated in the study and “snow ball” was used as a sampling resource, having the data being collected through the internet. Results revealed that, with respect to attitudes towards the elderly, nurses have an unfavorable attitude compared to them with respect to the dimensions: "Interpersonal relations between generations", "cognitive skills" and "dependence." Conversely, they demonstrate positive attitudes regarding the dimensions: "Homogeneity of the elderly as a group", "Personal appearance and personality," "Feelings caused by living with the elderly," and for the "Total Scale Kogan". Analyzing the influence of sociodemographic and professional characteristics on the nurses attitudes face to elderly, occurs only one statistically significant correlation, that regards to the academic degree, showing that nurses who have Masters and / or PhD have better attitudes towards the elderly. There was thus no difference in terms of the variables: age, sex, marital status and cohabitation with elderly. It was also, verified by the analysis of the of the nurses caring inventory with their attitudes towards elderly that only the dimension "Ethical investment" correlates significantly with it, showing an direct correlation with better attitudes towards the elderly. The necessity to demystify some concepts of nurses about the elder was identified, as well as develops the improvement of these professional´s attitudes towards the elder. In this manner, both the increase of ethical, academic formation of nurses and the implementation of continuous improvement projects about nurse care. Keywords: Elder; Nurses; Attitudes; Care; Stereotypes; Conduct.
ABSTRACT Aging of population holds new challenges to health care professionals. The elder became the greater consumers of health care and nurses, the professionals that dedicate them most of the time. Thus, it is relevant to identify the attitudes of nurses in the sight of the elder, to assess the effect of social-demographic and professional variables in those attitudes and assess its correlation with care conduct. This is a quantitative, descriptive-correlative and transversal study. Social, demographic and professional. questions were included in the Inventory of Care Conduct (ICC) and Attitudes Towards Elder scale, from Kogan. 202 nurses around all the country participated in the study and “snow ball” was used as a sampling resource, having the data being collected through the internet. Results revealed that, with respect to attitudes towards the elderly, nurses have an unfavorable attitude compared to them with respect to the dimensions: "Interpersonal relations between generations", "cognitive skills" and "dependence." Conversely, they demonstrate positive attitudes regarding the dimensions: "Homogeneity of the elderly as a group", "Personal appearance and personality," "Feelings caused by living with the elderly," and for the "Total Scale Kogan". Analyzing the influence of sociodemographic and professional characteristics on the nurses attitudes face to elderly, occurs only one statistically significant correlation, that regards to the academic degree, showing that nurses who have Masters and / or PhD have better attitudes towards the elderly. There was thus no difference in terms of the variables: age, sex, marital status and cohabitation with elderly. It was also, verified by the analysis of the of the nurses caring inventory with their attitudes towards elderly that only the dimension "Ethical investment" correlates significantly with it, showing an direct correlation with better attitudes towards the elderly. The necessity to demystify some concepts of nurses about the elder was identified, as well as develops the improvement of these professional´s attitudes towards the elder. In this manner, both the increase of ethical, academic formation of nurses and the implementation of continuous improvement projects about nurse care. Keywords: Elder; Nurses; Attitudes; Care; Stereotypes; Conduct.
Description
Keywords
Atitude do pessoal de saúde Enfermeiros Envelhecimento Idoso Relações interpessoais Aged Aging Attitude of health personnel Interpersonal relations Nurses
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Escola Superior de Saúde de Viseu