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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: Este trabalho de relatório final foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Curso de Mestrado
em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediatria. Assentou numa reflexão crítica sobre as atividades
realizadas em contexto de prática clínica, de forma a desenvolver cuidados de qualidade, capazes de
promover um crescimento e desenvolvimento saudável da criança/jovem e contribuir de forma
particular para cuidados especializados dirigidos à criança e família tendo como foco a criança com
doença crónica, em particular na gestão da asma na criança. Segundos dados da DGS a asma
representa patologia com alta incidência na idade pediátrica, sendo uma causa frequente de
internamento hospitalar, no entanto é possível controlar a asma, quer com medidas farmacológicas,
quer não farmacológicas, permitindo a minimização das exacerbações DGS (2014).
Objetivos: Descrever as atividades realizadas ao longo dos estágios; Refletir sobre as competências
comuns e específicas desenvolvidas, inerentes ao Enfermeiro de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica (EESIP),
tendo como foco uma temática central; Mapear as intervenções de enfermagem descritas como
eficazes na gestão da asma na criança/família, pela realização de uma scoping review.
Metodologia: Descritiva e reflexiva sobre o percurso desenvolvido no âmbito da especialização, onde
se incluiu uma revisão do tipo scoping, com base nos princípios preconizados pelo “Joanna Briggs
Institute”, através de pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados CINAHL via EBSCOhost e Medline via
PubMed, de estudos publicados entre 2016 e 2021 nos idiomas Português, Inglês e Espanhol. Dos
450 artigos iniciais, foram incluídos no estudo quatro artigos após aplicados critérios de inclusão
previamente definidos.
Resultados: intervenções de enfermagem descritas como eficazes na gestão da asma na
criança/família, foram a criação de plataformas eletrónicas que auxiliem as crianças e família numa
tomada de decisão partilhada com os enfermeiros, que permita a troca de informações e dúvidas,
culturalmente adequadas à criança/família; Implementação de programas de educação para a saúde
em contexto escolar, como forma de promover o empowerment da criança/família, partilhando
conhecimentos sobre fisiopatologia, exacerbação de crises, gestão e controlo de sintomas e ensinos
práticos sobre a terapêutica farmacológica e não farmacológica.
Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados na presente scoping review corroboram as evidências
científicas que demonstram que o desenvolvimento de intervenções de enfermagem nomeadamente
através de sessões de educação para a saúde dirigidas à criança e família em ambiente familiar ou
comunitário e escolar são determinantes para a eficácia da gestão da asma em idade pediátrica
Palavras-chave: Promoção da Saúde; Intervenções de Enfermagem, Criança; Doença crónica;
Asma.
Abstract Background: This final report was developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing. It was based on a critical reflection on the activities carried out in clinical practice, in order to develop quality care, capable of promoting a healthy growth and development of the child/youth and contributing in a particular way to specialized care directed to the child and family with a focus on the child with chronic disease, particularly in the management of asthma in children. According to data from the DGS, asthma is a pathology with high incidence in children, and a frequent cause of hospital admission; however, it is possible to control asthma with pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures, thus minimizing exacerbations. Objectives: To describe the activities carried out during the internships; to reflect on the common and specific skills developed by the Child Health and Pediatric Nurse Practitioner (CIPN), focusing on a central theme; to map the nursing interventions described as effective in the management of asthma in children/family through a scoping review. Methodology: Descriptive and reflective on the path developed within the scope of specialization, which included a scoping review, based on the principles recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute, through a search conducted in the CINAHL via EBSCOhost and Medline via PubMed databases, of studies published between 2016 and 2021 in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Of the 450 initial articles, four articles were included in the study after applying previously defined inclusion criteria. Results: The nursing interventions described as effective in the management of child/family asthma were the creation of electronic platforms to help children and families make shared decisions with nurses, allowing for the exchange of culturally appropriate information and doubts; and the implementation of health education programs in schools to promote the empowerment of children/family by sharing knowledge about pathophysiology, exacerbation of asthma attacks, symptom management and control, and practical teaching about pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: The results found in this review corroborate the scientific evidence showing that the development of nursing interventions, namely through health education sessions aimed at children and families in family, community, and school settings, are essential for the effective management of pediatric asthma. Keywords: Health Promotion; Nursing Interventions; Child; Chronic Disease; Asthma.
Abstract Background: This final report was developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing. It was based on a critical reflection on the activities carried out in clinical practice, in order to develop quality care, capable of promoting a healthy growth and development of the child/youth and contributing in a particular way to specialized care directed to the child and family with a focus on the child with chronic disease, particularly in the management of asthma in children. According to data from the DGS, asthma is a pathology with high incidence in children, and a frequent cause of hospital admission; however, it is possible to control asthma with pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures, thus minimizing exacerbations. Objectives: To describe the activities carried out during the internships; to reflect on the common and specific skills developed by the Child Health and Pediatric Nurse Practitioner (CIPN), focusing on a central theme; to map the nursing interventions described as effective in the management of asthma in children/family through a scoping review. Methodology: Descriptive and reflective on the path developed within the scope of specialization, which included a scoping review, based on the principles recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute, through a search conducted in the CINAHL via EBSCOhost and Medline via PubMed databases, of studies published between 2016 and 2021 in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Of the 450 initial articles, four articles were included in the study after applying previously defined inclusion criteria. Results: The nursing interventions described as effective in the management of child/family asthma were the creation of electronic platforms to help children and families make shared decisions with nurses, allowing for the exchange of culturally appropriate information and doubts; and the implementation of health education programs in schools to promote the empowerment of children/family by sharing knowledge about pathophysiology, exacerbation of asthma attacks, symptom management and control, and practical teaching about pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: The results found in this review corroborate the scientific evidence showing that the development of nursing interventions, namely through health education sessions aimed at children and families in family, community, and school settings, are essential for the effective management of pediatric asthma. Keywords: Health Promotion; Nursing Interventions; Child; Chronic Disease; Asthma.
Description
Keywords
Asma Criança Cuidados de enfermagem Doença crónica Enfermagem pediátrica Modelos de enfermagem Promoção da saúde Revisão Asthma Child Chronic disease Health promotion Models, nursing Nursing care Pediatric nursing Review