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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A enfermagem, como ciência necessita do desenvolvimento de competências técnicas, aliadas à investigação fundamentada sobre a prática, para a qual contribuem os estágios em contexto de cuidados intensivos e em contexto de urgência. A pneumonia associada à intubação (PAI) é a infeção mais comum em cuidados intensivos, exigindo medidas eficazes de prevenção. O conhecimento dos enfermeiros é essencial para a prática dos cuidados e adesão às medidas de prevenção.
Objetivos: Demonstrar as competências adquiridas em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica; Avaliar os conhecimentos e atitudes dos enfermeiros na prevenção da pneumonia associada à intubação, numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) e Serviço Urgência - Cuidados Intermédios (SU-CI), de um hospital da zona centro.
Métodos: Análise das competências adquiridas nos estágios em contexto de cuidados intensivos e em contexto de urgência; Descrição do estudo de natureza quantitativa, do tipo observacional, com análise descritiva e foco transversal.
Resultados: Com uma amostra de 52 enfermeiros que exercem funções num hospital da zona centro de Portugal, sendo 61,5 % do sexo feminino, inferiu-se que as variáveis sociodemográficas: idade, género e tempo de exercício profissional, não influenciam o nível de conhecimento e as atitudes de prevenção da PAI. Os conhecimentos e atitudes são superiores para quem exerce na UCI. A formação académica e profissional e a participação em programas recentes de prevenção da PAI interferiu estatisticamente na aquisição de conhecimentos. A adesão às atitudes aumenta com o tempo de exercício no serviço e com os protocolos de prevenção da PAI. Quem tem mais conhecimentos refere maior adesão às atitudes e intervenções de prevenção da PAI.
Conclusão: Os objetivos delineados para os estágios foram atingidos e as competências adquiridas. A investigação permitiu inferir que os enfermeiros da UCI e do SU-CI possuem conhecimentos moderados e atitudes adequadas sobre a prevenção da PAI, em doentes com tubo endotraqueal. Pretende ser um contributo para a mudança de atitudes, visando um cuidar diferenciado e especializado, baseado em evidências científicas. Recomenda-se aplicar o estudo a uma amostra alargada, para inferir resultados precisos e consistentes, em conjunto com a observação direta da prática dos enfermeiros, na prevenção da PAI.
Palavras-chave: Atitudes; Conhecimentos; Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica; Pneumonia Associada à Intubação
Abstract Introduction: Nursing, as a science, needs the development of technical skills, coupled with investigation based on experience. Intensive Care internships and internships happening in the context of hospital emergency contribute a lot for it. Intubation-associated pneumonia is the most common infection in Intensive Care, requiring effective prevention measures. Nurses’ knowledge is essential to care practice and adherence to prevention measures. Objective: To demonstrate the skills acquired in Medical-Surgical Nursing; To assess the nurses’ knowledge and the attitudes regarding the prevention of intubation-associated pneumonia in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Emergency Department - Intermediate Care, in a hospital of Central Portugal. Methods: Analysis of the skills acquired both in the internships of Intensive Care and Emergency Department contexts; Description of the quantitative study, observational type, with a descriptive analysis and cross-sectional focus. Results: With a sample of 52 nurses working in a hospital of Central Portugal, 61,5% female, the following conclusion was drawn: the sociodemographic variables (age, gender, professional practice) do not affect the level of knowledge and the prevention attitudes towards the intubation-associated pneumonia. Knowledge and attitudes are higher for those working in the ICU. Academic degree and practice and the engagement in recent intubation-associated pneumonia prevention programmes contributed statistically to the knowledge acquisition. Adherence to attitudes increases with professional practice and prevention protocols of the intubation-associated pneumonia. Those with better knowledge refer greater adherence to attitudes and prevention interventions towards the intubation-associated pneumonia. Conclusion: The objectives outlined for the internships were accomplished and the skills were acquired. The investigation allowed to conclude that the ICU nurses and those working in the Emergency Department - Intermediate Care have moderate knowledge and appropriate attitudes concerning the prevention of the intubation-associated pneumonia, as far as endotracheal tube patients are concerned. It is supposed to be a contribution for the changing of attitudes, aiming a differentiated and specialized care, based on scientific evidence.It is recommended that the study should be apllied to an extended sample, in order to achieve precise and consistent results, together with a direct observation of the nurses’ practice, in the prevention of intubation-associated pneumonia. Keywords: Attitudes; Knowledge; Medical-Surgical Nursing; Intubation-associated pneumonia.
Abstract Introduction: Nursing, as a science, needs the development of technical skills, coupled with investigation based on experience. Intensive Care internships and internships happening in the context of hospital emergency contribute a lot for it. Intubation-associated pneumonia is the most common infection in Intensive Care, requiring effective prevention measures. Nurses’ knowledge is essential to care practice and adherence to prevention measures. Objective: To demonstrate the skills acquired in Medical-Surgical Nursing; To assess the nurses’ knowledge and the attitudes regarding the prevention of intubation-associated pneumonia in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Emergency Department - Intermediate Care, in a hospital of Central Portugal. Methods: Analysis of the skills acquired both in the internships of Intensive Care and Emergency Department contexts; Description of the quantitative study, observational type, with a descriptive analysis and cross-sectional focus. Results: With a sample of 52 nurses working in a hospital of Central Portugal, 61,5% female, the following conclusion was drawn: the sociodemographic variables (age, gender, professional practice) do not affect the level of knowledge and the prevention attitudes towards the intubation-associated pneumonia. Knowledge and attitudes are higher for those working in the ICU. Academic degree and practice and the engagement in recent intubation-associated pneumonia prevention programmes contributed statistically to the knowledge acquisition. Adherence to attitudes increases with professional practice and prevention protocols of the intubation-associated pneumonia. Those with better knowledge refer greater adherence to attitudes and prevention interventions towards the intubation-associated pneumonia. Conclusion: The objectives outlined for the internships were accomplished and the skills were acquired. The investigation allowed to conclude that the ICU nurses and those working in the Emergency Department - Intermediate Care have moderate knowledge and appropriate attitudes concerning the prevention of the intubation-associated pneumonia, as far as endotracheal tube patients are concerned. It is supposed to be a contribution for the changing of attitudes, aiming a differentiated and specialized care, based on scientific evidence.It is recommended that the study should be apllied to an extended sample, in order to achieve precise and consistent results, together with a direct observation of the nurses’ practice, in the prevention of intubation-associated pneumonia. Keywords: Attitudes; Knowledge; Medical-Surgical Nursing; Intubation-associated pneumonia.
Description
Keywords
Competência clínica Competência profissional Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde Enfermagem médico cirúrgica Pneumonia associada aos cuidados de saúde Serviço de urgência hospitalar Unidades de cuidados intensivos Clinical competence Emergency service, hospital Health knowledge, attitudes, practice Healthcare associated pneumonia Intensive care units Medical surgical nursing Professional competence