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Multissensoralidade no Ensino das Ciências Naturais: percursos didáticos de exploração sobre a Influência dos Fatores Abióticos nas Plantas e nos Animais
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Resumo(s)
O presente relatório final de estágio centra-se na valorização do ensino experimental em Ciências Naturais, através de uma proposta de exploração da influência dos fatores abióticos no desenvolvimento de plantas e no comportamento animal, com recurso a sensores, no 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. O relatório encontra-se dividido em duas partes, sendo a primeira parte relativa à Reflexão Crítica sobre as Práticas em Contexto e a segunda parte o Estudo concretizado em contexto de estágio. No que concerne ao estudo, foi concebida, implementada e avaliada uma proposta didática que incluiu atividades experimentais de germinação e crescimento vegetal em diferentes condições de temperatura, luminosidade e humidade, bem como atividades de observação do impacto de variáveis ambientais sobre alguns organismos animais. O recurso a sensores digitais possibilitou a monitorização rigorosa de parâmetros ambientais, fomentando uma análise mais precisa e fundamentada dos resultados. As atividades foram desenvolvidas em contexto real de sala de aula e complementadas com momentos de discussão orientada, permitindo aos alunos formular hipóteses, testar procedimentos e construir conclusões baseadas em evidências. Os resultados do estudo sobre as práticas desenvolvidas revelaram que a integração de metodologias ativas, assentes na experimentação e na utilização de tecnologias digitais, promoveu aprendizagens significativas, potenciou o pensamento crítico e científico e aumentou a motivação e o envolvimento dos alunos. Conclui-se que a abordagem prática, articulada com a mediação pedagógica, constitui uma estratégia essencial para o desenvolvimento de competências previstas no Perfil dos Alunos à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória (PA), aproximando os estudantes da natureza da ciência e da investigação científica.
This final internship report focuses on the value of experimental teaching in Natural Sciences, through a proposal to explore the influence of abiotic factors on plant development and animal behavior, using sensors, in the 2nd Cycle of Basic Education. The report is divided into two parts, the first part relating to Critical Reflection on Practices in Context and the second part to the Study carried out in the context of the internship. With regard to the study, a teaching proposal was designed, implemented, and evaluated that included experimental activities involving germination and plant growth under different conditions of temperature, light, and humidity, as well as activities observing the impact of environmental variables on certain animal organisms. The use of digital sensors enabled the accurate monitoring of environmental parameters, promoting a more precise and informed analysis of the results. The activities were developed in a real classroom context and complemented with guided discussion sessions, allowing students to formulate hypotheses, test procedures, and draw evidence-based conclusions. The results of the study on the practices developed revealed that the integration of active methodologies, based on experimentation and the use of digital technologies, promoted meaningful learning, enhanced critical and scientific thinking, and increased student motivation and engagement. It was concluded that the practical approach, combined with pedagogical mediation, is an essential strategy for developing the skills set out in the Perfil dos Alunos à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória (Profile of Students Leaving Compulsory Education), bringing students closer to the nature of science and scientific research.
This final internship report focuses on the value of experimental teaching in Natural Sciences, through a proposal to explore the influence of abiotic factors on plant development and animal behavior, using sensors, in the 2nd Cycle of Basic Education. The report is divided into two parts, the first part relating to Critical Reflection on Practices in Context and the second part to the Study carried out in the context of the internship. With regard to the study, a teaching proposal was designed, implemented, and evaluated that included experimental activities involving germination and plant growth under different conditions of temperature, light, and humidity, as well as activities observing the impact of environmental variables on certain animal organisms. The use of digital sensors enabled the accurate monitoring of environmental parameters, promoting a more precise and informed analysis of the results. The activities were developed in a real classroom context and complemented with guided discussion sessions, allowing students to formulate hypotheses, test procedures, and draw evidence-based conclusions. The results of the study on the practices developed revealed that the integration of active methodologies, based on experimentation and the use of digital technologies, promoted meaningful learning, enhanced critical and scientific thinking, and increased student motivation and engagement. It was concluded that the practical approach, combined with pedagogical mediation, is an essential strategy for developing the skills set out in the Perfil dos Alunos à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória (Profile of Students Leaving Compulsory Education), bringing students closer to the nature of science and scientific research.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ensino experimental Fatores abióticos Sensores digitais Metodologias ativas Multissensoralidade Experimental Teaching Abiotic factos Digital sensors Active learning methodologies