| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.97 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A pandemia COVID-19, tem constituído um desafio mundial, desde
janeiro de 2020. A crise sanitária que se instalou, associada ao desconhecimento
epidemiológico e clínico, colocou em evidência os mais frágeis. Foram inéditas as medidas
instituídas, e em contexto de intervenção social emergiram medidas de encerramento das
escolas e ensino não presencial, assim como o encerramento de locais de trabalho e a
promoção do trabalho à distância. Estas circunstâncias únicas criaram novos desafios e as
crianças como indivíduos vulneráveis e dependentes das suas famílias, foram colocadas
numa posição de risco.
Objetivo: Na presente investigação foi definido como objetivo geral conhecer as
experiências parentais no acompanhamento dos filhos, em idade escolar, durante a pandemia
COVID-19.
Métodos: Esta investigação fundamenta-se no paradigma construtivista, com bases
fenomenológicas. É um estudo descritivo, exploratório de natureza qualitativa, recorrendo-se
a uma entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento de colheita de dados numa amostra não
probabilista, em rede ou Bola de Neve, com um total de 17 participantes com filhos dos 6 aos
10 anos, a frequentar o 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. As entrevistas foram conduzidas de forma
virtual, os dados obtidos através das oito questões abertas foram sujeitos à análise de
conteúdo de acordo com Bardin (2020), sendo que foram consideradas 8 dimensões e da
categorização emergiram 22 categorias e 28 subcategorias.
Resultados: Da análise dos dados verificou-se que as alterações/rotinas diárias das
crianças em idade escolar, na perceção dos pais, foram relacionadas com a Escola,
Socialização, Sono, Lazer, Alimentação e Ambiente seguro. Os pais/mães percecionaram e
utilizaram como estratégias de redução do impacto na pandemia nos seus filhos as Atividades
lúdicas, os Recursos digitais/tecnológicos, a Desmitificação da pandemia e a Reorganização
de espaços. Os inquiridos evidenciaram a grande influência, maioritariamente negativa, das
exigências profissionais e das tarefas domésticas no apoio que prestaram aos seus filhos,
durante a pandemia. No acompanhamento dos filhos no ensino à distância, os pais revelaram
principalmente sentimentos negativos de Frustração, Impotência, Tensão e Preocupação. Os
inquiridos consideraram que, na sua perspetiva, foram as Escolas e os Professores que
maioritariamente fornecerem as orientações para o acompanhamento dos filhos, nos
momentos de ensino não presencial. Em relação às experiências parentais relacionadas com
a pandemia foram, na sua maioria, associadas Stress parental, Desequilíbrio entre a esfera
familiar, profissional e apoio escolar aos seus filhos. No que diz respeito ao apoio à
parentalidade, os pais/mães consideraram que emergiu principalmente do cônjuge e entre a
família alargada.
Conclusões: As entrevistas realizadas espelham as experiências e desafios que os
pais/mães, com filhos em idade escolar, enfrentaram durante o confinamento imposto pela
pandemia COVID-19. Este estudo, tendo em conta os resultados, poderá servir de base a
futuras investigações, mais amplas e recorrendo a diferentes metodologias. O conhecimento
nesta área temática ainda é escasso, contudo essencial para entender e intervir no real
impacto da pandemia nas famílias e crianças, seja a curto, médio ou longo prazo. Capacitar
nesta área é empoderar para enfrentar situações semelhantes no futuro.
Palavras-chave: pandemia covid-19; pais; mães; crianças; idade escolar.
Abstract Framework: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a global challenge since January 2020. The health crisis that has took place, associated with epidemiological and clinical ignorance, highlighted the most fragile. The measures instituted were unprecedented, and in the context of social intervention measures emerged for the closure of schools and non-face-to-face education, closure of workplaces and the promotion of distance work. These unique circumstances have created new challenges and as children as vulnerable individuals and dependent on their families have been placed in a position of risk. Objective: In the present investigation, it was defined as a general objective to know the parental experiences in the follow-up of children, of school age, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This investigation is based on the constructivist paradigm, with phenomenological bases. It's a descriptive, exploratory study of qualitative nature, using a semi-structured interview as a data collection instrument in a non-probabilistic sample, in network or Snowball, with a total of 17 participants with children aged 6 to 10 years, attending the 1st Cycle of Elementary School. The interviews were conducted virtually, the data obtained through the eight open questions were subject to content analysis according to Bardin (2020) and the categorization emerged 22 categories and 28 subcategories, considering 8 dimensions in analysis. Results: From the data analysis it was verified that the daily alterations/routines of school-age children, in the perception of parents, were related to School, Socialization, Sleep, Leisure, Food and Safe Environment. The fathers/mothers perceived and used as strategies to reduce the impact on the pandemic in their children on their recreational activities, digital/technological resources, demystification of the pandemic and reorganization of spaces. The respondents showed the great influence, mostly negative, of the professional demands and household tasks on the support they provided to their children during the pandemic. In the follow-up of children in distance learning, parents revealed mainly negative feelings of Frustration, Impotence, Tension and Concern. The respondents considered that, from their perspective, it was the Schools and Teachers who mostly provided the guidance for the follow up of the children, in the moments of non-face-to-face teaching. In relation to the parental experiences related to the pandemic, most of them were associated with Parental stress, Imbalance between the family, professional sphere and school support for their children. With regard to parental support, the fathers/mothers considered that it emerged mainly from the spouse and from the extended family. Conclusions: The interviews demonstrate the experiences and challenges that fathers/mothers, with school-age children, faced during the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study, taking into account the results, may serve as a basis for future research, broader and using diferente methodologies. Knowledge in this thematic area is still scarce, but essential to understand and intervene in the real impact of the pandemic on families and children, whether in short, médium or long term. Improving in this area is empowering to face similar situations in the future. Keywords: pandemic covid-19; fathers; mothers; children, school age.
Abstract Framework: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a global challenge since January 2020. The health crisis that has took place, associated with epidemiological and clinical ignorance, highlighted the most fragile. The measures instituted were unprecedented, and in the context of social intervention measures emerged for the closure of schools and non-face-to-face education, closure of workplaces and the promotion of distance work. These unique circumstances have created new challenges and as children as vulnerable individuals and dependent on their families have been placed in a position of risk. Objective: In the present investigation, it was defined as a general objective to know the parental experiences in the follow-up of children, of school age, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This investigation is based on the constructivist paradigm, with phenomenological bases. It's a descriptive, exploratory study of qualitative nature, using a semi-structured interview as a data collection instrument in a non-probabilistic sample, in network or Snowball, with a total of 17 participants with children aged 6 to 10 years, attending the 1st Cycle of Elementary School. The interviews were conducted virtually, the data obtained through the eight open questions were subject to content analysis according to Bardin (2020) and the categorization emerged 22 categories and 28 subcategories, considering 8 dimensions in analysis. Results: From the data analysis it was verified that the daily alterations/routines of school-age children, in the perception of parents, were related to School, Socialization, Sleep, Leisure, Food and Safe Environment. The fathers/mothers perceived and used as strategies to reduce the impact on the pandemic in their children on their recreational activities, digital/technological resources, demystification of the pandemic and reorganization of spaces. The respondents showed the great influence, mostly negative, of the professional demands and household tasks on the support they provided to their children during the pandemic. In the follow-up of children in distance learning, parents revealed mainly negative feelings of Frustration, Impotence, Tension and Concern. The respondents considered that, from their perspective, it was the Schools and Teachers who mostly provided the guidance for the follow up of the children, in the moments of non-face-to-face teaching. In relation to the parental experiences related to the pandemic, most of them were associated with Parental stress, Imbalance between the family, professional sphere and school support for their children. With regard to parental support, the fathers/mothers considered that it emerged mainly from the spouse and from the extended family. Conclusions: The interviews demonstrate the experiences and challenges that fathers/mothers, with school-age children, faced during the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study, taking into account the results, may serve as a basis for future research, broader and using diferente methodologies. Knowledge in this thematic area is still scarce, but essential to understand and intervene in the real impact of the pandemic on families and children, whether in short, médium or long term. Improving in this area is empowering to face similar situations in the future. Keywords: pandemic covid-19; fathers; mothers; children, school age.
Description
Keywords
Acontecimentos que mudam a vida Covid 19 Criança Mães Pai Pais Sars-CoV-2 Child Fathers Life change events Mothers Parents