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Intervenções de enfermagem na prevenção de hemorragias intracranianas em recém-nascidos prematuros numa unidade de cuidados intensivos neonatais : Scoping review
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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: O presente relatório espelha o percurso formativo na prática clínica, centrando-se nas intervenções de enfermagem eficazes na prevenção de hemorragias intracranianas, especialmente a hemorragia intraventricular em recém-nascidos prematuros, destacando o papel do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica (EEESIP) na sua prevenção.
Objetivos: Descrever o percurso formativo nos diferentes contextos de estágio; refletir sobre as atividades realizadas para aquisição de competências comuns e específicas do EEESIP e mapear intervenções de enfermagem eficazes na prevenção de hemorragia intracraniana em recém-nascidos prematuros numa unidade de cuidados intensivos neonatais.
Metodologia: Descritivo-reflexiva sobre o percurso formativo nos diversos contextos de estágio. Realizou-se uma Scoping Review, segundo o modelo do instituto Joanna Briggs Institute®. Efetuou-se pesquisa no motor de busca B-On e nas bases de dados PubMed e EBSO, sem horizonte temporal, incluindo estudos publicados na íntegra nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. A seleção dos estudos, extração e síntese de dados foram efetuadas por dois revisores independentes, seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos.
Resultados: Resultaram sete artigos que destacam os cuidados desenvolvimentais como intervenções de enfermagem eficazes na prevenção da hemorragia intraventricular em recémnascidos prematuros, como a redução do stress ambiental, os estímulos sensonais, as manipulações e a gestão da dor.
Conclusão: Os cuidados neurodesenvolvimentais e a criação de um ambiente adequado são intervenções que previnem a hemorragia intraventricular, sendo a prática baseada na evidência essencial para aprimorar os cuidados especializados de enfermagem.
Palavras-Chave: Recém-nascido Prematuro; Hemorragia Intracraniana; Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais; Enfermagem Neonatal; Intervenções de Enfermagem.
Abstract Background: This report reflects the educational joumey in clinical practice, focusing on effective nursing interventions for the prevention of intracranial hemorrhages, particularly intraventricular hemorrhage in premature newboms, highlighting the role of the specialist nurse in child and pediatric health nursing in its prevention. Objectives: To describe the educational path across different intemship contexts; to reflect on the activities carried out for the acquisition of both general and specific competencies of the specialist nurse in child and pediatric health nursing, and to map effective nursing interventions for the prevention of intracranial hemorrhage in premature newboms in a neonatal intensive care unit. Methodology: A descriptive-reflective analysis of the educational path in various intemship contexts. A Scoping Review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute® model. Searches were performed using the B-On search engine and the PubMed and EBSCO databases, with no time limitations, including full-text studies published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Study selection, data extraction, and synthesis were carried out by two independent reviewers, according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Seven articles were identified, highlighting developmental care as effective nursing interventions for preventing intraventricular hemorrhage in premature newboms, such as reducing environmental stress, sensory stimuli, handling, and pain management. Conclusion: Neurodevelopmental care and the creation of an appropriate environment are key interventions in preventing intraventricular hemorrhage, with evidence-based practice being essential for enhancing the quality of specialized nursing care. Keywords: Premature Newbom; Intracranial Hemorrhage; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Neonatal Nursing; Nursing Interventions.
Abstract Background: This report reflects the educational joumey in clinical practice, focusing on effective nursing interventions for the prevention of intracranial hemorrhages, particularly intraventricular hemorrhage in premature newboms, highlighting the role of the specialist nurse in child and pediatric health nursing in its prevention. Objectives: To describe the educational path across different intemship contexts; to reflect on the activities carried out for the acquisition of both general and specific competencies of the specialist nurse in child and pediatric health nursing, and to map effective nursing interventions for the prevention of intracranial hemorrhage in premature newboms in a neonatal intensive care unit. Methodology: A descriptive-reflective analysis of the educational path in various intemship contexts. A Scoping Review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute® model. Searches were performed using the B-On search engine and the PubMed and EBSCO databases, with no time limitations, including full-text studies published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Study selection, data extraction, and synthesis were carried out by two independent reviewers, according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Seven articles were identified, highlighting developmental care as effective nursing interventions for preventing intraventricular hemorrhage in premature newboms, such as reducing environmental stress, sensory stimuli, handling, and pain management. Conclusion: Neurodevelopmental care and the creation of an appropriate environment are key interventions in preventing intraventricular hemorrhage, with evidence-based practice being essential for enhancing the quality of specialized nursing care. Keywords: Premature Newbom; Intracranial Hemorrhage; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Neonatal Nursing; Nursing Interventions.
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Enfermagem neonatal Enfermagem pediátrica Hemorragia intracraniana - prevenção e controle Recém nascido prematuro Revisão scoping Unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatais Infant premature Intracranial hemorrhages - prevention and control Neonatal intensive care units Neonatal nursing Pediatric nursing Scoping review
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