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Regime terapêutico e autogestão : Implicações para a saúde da pessoa com hipertensão arterial e dinâmica familiar
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Introdução: As doenças do foro cardiovascular são a principal causa de morte em todo o mundo, e muitas dessas mortes podem ser evitadas através do tratamento da hipertensão arterial (World Health Organization, 2023). Na Europa, calcula-se que a hipertensão arterial afete cerca de 35-40% da população (SNS 24, 2023). Em Portugal, a hipertensão é a doença crónica mais frequente, afetando 36% dos portugueses com idades entre os 25 e os 74 anos, sendo a principal causa de morte no território nacional (Santos et al., 2022). Objetivo: Sintetizar a evidência científica disponível sobre a autogestão do regime terapêutico na pessoa com HTA e dinâmica familiar. Metodologia: Foi efetuada uma revisão integrativa da literatura pelo método PICOD através da pesquisa nas seguintes bases de dados científicas: PubMed, CINAHL Complete e RCAAP. De forma a avaliar criticamente a qualidade dos estudos incluídos foi utilizada a grelha de apoio à avaliação da qualidade metodológica do JBI. Estudos incluídos em português, espanhol e inglês, com o limite temporal 2018-2024. Dos oito artigos disponíveis, quatro foram incluídos na revisão. Resultados: Da análise dos artigos foram identificados quatro subtemas: fatores facilitadores de autogestão adequada do regime terapêutico na pessoa com HTA; fatores dificultadores de autogestão adequada do regime terapêutico na pessoa com HTA; estratégias promotoras de autogestão adequada do regime terapêutico; e autogestão do regime terapêutico e dinâmica familiar. Conclusão: É importante identificar fatores facilitadores e dificultadores da autogestão do regime terapêutico em pessoas com hipertensão, bem como estratégias que promovam essa autogestão e as mudanças na dinâmica familiar durante a transição saúde/doença. É necessário desenvolver estudos primários sobre o tema, contudo, é necessário ter em atenção as características da população em estudo, já que existem aspetos culturais que diferem consoante a população. Descritores: Autogestão; Enfermagem; Família; Hipertensão Arterial; Regime Terapêutico
Abstract Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and many of these deaths can be prevented through the treatment of hypertension (World Health Organization, 2023). In Europe, it is estimated that hypertension affects about 35-40% of the population (SNS 24, 2023). In Portugal, hypertension is the most common chronic disease, affecting 36% of the Portuguese population aged between 25 and 74 years, and it is the leading cause of death in the country (Santos et al., 2022). Objective: To synthesize the available scientific evidence on the self-management of the therapeutic regimen in individuals with hypertension and family dynamics. Methodology: An integrative literature review was conducted using the PICOD method, with searches in the following scientific databases: PubMed, CINAHL Complete, and RCAAP. To critically assess the quality of the included studies, the JBI methodological quality assessment tool was used. Studies in Portuguese, Spanish, and English, with a time limit of 2018-2024, were included. Of the eight available articles, four were included in the review. Results: The analysis of the articles identified four subthemes: factors facilitating adequate self-management of the therapeutic regimen in individuals with HTA; factors hindering adequate self-management of the therapeutic regimen in individuals with HTA; strategies promoting adequate self-management of the therapeutic regimen; and self-management of the therapeutic regimen and family dynamics. Conclusion: It is important to identify factors facilitating and hindering self-management of the therapeutic regimen in individuals with hypertension, as well as strategies that promote this self-management and changes in family dynamics during the health/disease transition. Primary studies on this topic need to be developed, considering the characteristics of the population being studied, as there are cultural aspects that differ across populations. Keywords: Self-management; Nursing; Family; Hypertension; Therapeutic Regimen
Abstract Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and many of these deaths can be prevented through the treatment of hypertension (World Health Organization, 2023). In Europe, it is estimated that hypertension affects about 35-40% of the population (SNS 24, 2023). In Portugal, hypertension is the most common chronic disease, affecting 36% of the Portuguese population aged between 25 and 74 years, and it is the leading cause of death in the country (Santos et al., 2022). Objective: To synthesize the available scientific evidence on the self-management of the therapeutic regimen in individuals with hypertension and family dynamics. Methodology: An integrative literature review was conducted using the PICOD method, with searches in the following scientific databases: PubMed, CINAHL Complete, and RCAAP. To critically assess the quality of the included studies, the JBI methodological quality assessment tool was used. Studies in Portuguese, Spanish, and English, with a time limit of 2018-2024, were included. Of the eight available articles, four were included in the review. Results: The analysis of the articles identified four subthemes: factors facilitating adequate self-management of the therapeutic regimen in individuals with HTA; factors hindering adequate self-management of the therapeutic regimen in individuals with HTA; strategies promoting adequate self-management of the therapeutic regimen; and self-management of the therapeutic regimen and family dynamics. Conclusion: It is important to identify factors facilitating and hindering self-management of the therapeutic regimen in individuals with hypertension, as well as strategies that promote this self-management and changes in family dynamics during the health/disease transition. Primary studies on this topic need to be developed, considering the characteristics of the population being studied, as there are cultural aspects that differ across populations. Keywords: Self-management; Nursing; Family; Hypertension; Therapeutic Regimen
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Auto-gestão Competência profisssional Cuidados primários de saúde Enfermagem de família Família Hipertensão Hipertensão - terapêutica Relações familiares Revisão integrativa Family Family nursing Family relations Hypertension Hypertension - therapy Integrative review Primary health care Professional competence Self management
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