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Authors
Abstract(s)
Uma das principais causas de deterioração das edificações, tanto para construções
antigas como para recentes, é a presença de humidade que pode ocorrer em diversas etapas do
processo construtivo ou durante a vida útil do edifício. A manifestação da humidade pode ser
decorrente de condensação, de humidade ascendente do terreno por capilaridade, provenientes
de infiltração de água da chuva e/ou até mesmo resultantes de vazamento em redes hidráulicas.
A humidade no interior dos edifícios pode ocasionar o surgimento de manchas de bolor, danos
nos elementos construtivos e nos móveis, assim como, desenvolvimento e propagação de
agentes biológicos, que podem criar maus cheiros e serem prejudiciais à saúde humana.
A humidade ascensional é uma das principais causas de deterioração dos edifícios. Ela
ocorre quando a água proveniente do solo ascende através de materiais de construção
permeáveis, por meio do processo de capilaridade, progredindo no seu interior até que se
verifique um equilíbrio entre a absorção e a evaporação de água. Esse processo acaba causando
o aparecimento de anomalias, como a degradação dos revestimentos resultante do processo de
cristalização e dissolução de sais e, no extremo, acabam por não cumprir as funções de
impermeabilização, proteção e acabamento que lhe são exigidas.
Para restaurar as condições iniciais dos elementos danificadas e eliminar as anomalias
provocadas pela humidade ascensional, primeiramente é necessário eliminar a causa da origem
da patologia, ou seja, nesse caso impedir o acesso da água às estruturas. Porém, essa é uma
tarefa de difícil execução, visto que, para isto é necessário afastar as águas presentes no solo
e/ou criar uma barreira horizontal que abranja todas as paredes.
Existem diversas técnicas e produtos utilizados no tratamento da humidade ascensional,
com variadas abordagens e modos de aplicação. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar uma
gama de informação sobre as patologias causadas pela humidade ascensional, assim como os
sistemas e produtos utilizados no tratamento e reabilitação dos elementos construtivos (paredes,
tetos e pavimentos).
ABSTRACT: One of the main causes of deterioration of buildings, both for old and recent constructions, is the presence of moisture that can occur in several stages of the construction process or during the useful life of the building. The manifestation of moisture can be the result of condensation, of moisture rising from the ground by capillarity, from infiltration of rainwater and/or even resulting from leaks in hydraulic networks. Humidity inside buildings can cause the appearance of mold stains, damage to construction elements and furniture, as well as the development and spread of biological agents, which can create bad smells and be harmful to human health. Rising damp is one of the main causes of building deterioration. It occurs when water from the ground rises through permeable building materials, through the process of capillarity, progressing inside them until there is a balance between water absorption and evaporation. This process ends up causing the appearance of anomalies, such as the degradation of the coatings resulting from the process of crystallization and dissolution of salts and, in the extreme, they end up not fulfilling the waterproofing, protection and finishing functions required of them. In order to restore the initial conditions of the damaged elements and eliminate the anomalies caused by rising damp, it is first necessary to eliminate the cause of the origin of the pathology, i.e., in this case, prevent the access of water to the structures. However, this is a difficult task to perform, since this requires keeping the water present on the ground away and/or creating a horizontal barrier that covers all the walls. There are several techniques and products used in the treatment of rising dampness, with varied approaches and application modes. This research aims to analyze a range of information about the pathologies caused by rising dampness, as well as the systems and products used in the treatment and rehabilitation of construction elements (walls, ceilings and floors).
ABSTRACT: One of the main causes of deterioration of buildings, both for old and recent constructions, is the presence of moisture that can occur in several stages of the construction process or during the useful life of the building. The manifestation of moisture can be the result of condensation, of moisture rising from the ground by capillarity, from infiltration of rainwater and/or even resulting from leaks in hydraulic networks. Humidity inside buildings can cause the appearance of mold stains, damage to construction elements and furniture, as well as the development and spread of biological agents, which can create bad smells and be harmful to human health. Rising damp is one of the main causes of building deterioration. It occurs when water from the ground rises through permeable building materials, through the process of capillarity, progressing inside them until there is a balance between water absorption and evaporation. This process ends up causing the appearance of anomalies, such as the degradation of the coatings resulting from the process of crystallization and dissolution of salts and, in the extreme, they end up not fulfilling the waterproofing, protection and finishing functions required of them. In order to restore the initial conditions of the damaged elements and eliminate the anomalies caused by rising damp, it is first necessary to eliminate the cause of the origin of the pathology, i.e., in this case, prevent the access of water to the structures. However, this is a difficult task to perform, since this requires keeping the water present on the ground away and/or creating a horizontal barrier that covers all the walls. There are several techniques and products used in the treatment of rising dampness, with varied approaches and application modes. This research aims to analyze a range of information about the pathologies caused by rising dampness, as well as the systems and products used in the treatment and rehabilitation of construction elements (walls, ceilings and floors).
Description
Keywords
Humidade Humidade Ascensional Patologias Reabilitação Degradação