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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os modelos de microssimulação revolucionaram a forma como os trabalhos de engenharia de
tráfego são hoje realizados. Estes modelos possibilitam a determinação de parâmetros de
avaliação de redes viárias, como pontos de congestionamento, volumes de tráfego, tempos de
viagem, entre outros, viabilizando a análise de situações existentes e hipotéticas, com custos
reduzidos e sem perturbar o sistema viário. Tendo presente as vantagens inerente a estes
modelos, procedeu-se à análise da rede viária na cidade de Tondela, onde havia sido
identificado um conjunto de problemas pelo município.
Na primeira parte do presente documento é efetuado o seu enquadramento geral, detalhando as
atividades propostas e realizadas no âmbito do estágio curricular realizado na Câmara
Municipal de Tondela.
De seguida é apresentada a estrutura geral do trabalho referente à modelação e simulação do
Centro Histórico de Tondela. Inicialmente é realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os
métodos de avaliação do desempenho de interseções urbanas. Esta revisão permitiu identificar
modelos estatísticos e probabilísticos adequados à análise de interseções isoladas, e a técnica
de microssimulação, enquanto método privilegiado de avaliação de redes. O presente trabalho
assenta nesta última abordagem, tendo por base o software Aimsun. Numa primeira fase
efetuou-se uma recolha de dados, nomeadamente velocidades, tempos de trajeto e incidentes
periódicos, necessários para a construir, calibrar e validar o modelo. Estes dados foram obtidos
através de contagens de tráfego em diversos pontos da rede viária e sessões de recolha de dados
contínuos de velocidade utilizando um veículo instrumentado. De seguida foi construído e
calibrado o modelo da rede viária existente. Finalmente, desenvolveu-se um cenário hipotético
de intervenção na rede com o objetivo de mitigar alguns dos problemas identificados. Estas
propostas foram comparadas com a situação existente, recorrendo a quatro indicadores
distintos, nomeadamente tempo de percurso, distância percorrida, consumo de combustível e
emissões ambientais.
ABSTRACT: Performance assessment is an essential process in the design or restructuring of any transport system. Traffic microsimulation models revolutionized the way traffic engineering studies are carried out. These models enable the determination of evaluation parameters, such as the location of congestion points, traffic volumes and travel times, among others, making it possible to predict existent and hypothetic situations with a low cost and without disturbing the natural movement of the road system. Taking this into consideration, it was made an analysis of the road network in the city of Tondela where it has been identified a set of problems. The first part of this document presents its global framing, describing the activities carried out within the context of an internship in the city hall of Tondela. The next phase comprises the presentation of the modelling and simulation of the Tondela historic centre. First it was necessary to do a revision of the literature already in existence related to the methods of evaluating the performance of urban intersections and roads. Statistic and probabilistic methods are adequate to study single intersections, whereas simulation methods are preferred for the evaluation of the global road network. The method chosen for this work is based in the Aimsun microsimulation model. The first part of this task involved the gathering of data, namely the parameters of free-flow speed, journey time and periodic incidents, required to calibrate and validate the reference model. This data was obtained by traffic counts in different places of the road network and by continuous speed data, recorded along a set of sections, using an instrumented vehicle. After the data was obtained it was built a model of the existing road network. Finally, it was developed a hypothetical scenario of intervention in the network with the objective of mitigate some issues present in the roads. This scenario was modelled and compared with the existing situation, via four distinct indicators, journey time, travelled distance, fuel consumption and environmental emissions.
ABSTRACT: Performance assessment is an essential process in the design or restructuring of any transport system. Traffic microsimulation models revolutionized the way traffic engineering studies are carried out. These models enable the determination of evaluation parameters, such as the location of congestion points, traffic volumes and travel times, among others, making it possible to predict existent and hypothetic situations with a low cost and without disturbing the natural movement of the road system. Taking this into consideration, it was made an analysis of the road network in the city of Tondela where it has been identified a set of problems. The first part of this document presents its global framing, describing the activities carried out within the context of an internship in the city hall of Tondela. The next phase comprises the presentation of the modelling and simulation of the Tondela historic centre. First it was necessary to do a revision of the literature already in existence related to the methods of evaluating the performance of urban intersections and roads. Statistic and probabilistic methods are adequate to study single intersections, whereas simulation methods are preferred for the evaluation of the global road network. The method chosen for this work is based in the Aimsun microsimulation model. The first part of this task involved the gathering of data, namely the parameters of free-flow speed, journey time and periodic incidents, required to calibrate and validate the reference model. This data was obtained by traffic counts in different places of the road network and by continuous speed data, recorded along a set of sections, using an instrumented vehicle. After the data was obtained it was built a model of the existing road network. Finally, it was developed a hypothetical scenario of intervention in the network with the objective of mitigate some issues present in the roads. This scenario was modelled and compared with the existing situation, via four distinct indicators, journey time, travelled distance, fuel consumption and environmental emissions.
Description
Keywords
Microssimulação Tondela Aimsun Modelação de tráfego Índices de desempenho