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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: O empowerment é uma nova filosofia exigível às pessoas portadoras de
diabetes na convivência diária com a sua própria doença. O apoio social é um fator
determinante no nível de empowerment revelado neste tipo de doentes. Daí se considerar que
o apoio social é um recurso que assume um papel de relevo, promovendo e melhorando a
autonomia e a autogestão da diabetes; contribuindo para a capacitação dos doentes portadores
de diabetes, habilitando-os de competências que permitem ultrapassar os obstáculos com que
se deparam no seu dia-a-dia.
Objetivos: Relacionar as variáveis sociodemográficas, as referentes ao perfil clínico das
pessoas portadoras de diabetes e as alusivas ao apoio social percecionado por estes. Avaliar o
empowerment e perceber em que medida o apoio social prediz o empowerment das pessoas
portadoras de diabetes.
Métodos: O estudo transversal de natureza observacional assenta numa lógica de análise
descritivo-correlacional e foi realizado numa amostra não probabilística por conveniência,
constituída por 150 pessoas portadoras de diabetes acompanhadas em unidades de saúde de
cuidados de saúde primários da região centro, na Consulta de Diabetes, nos meses de
outubro, novembro e dezembro de 2012. O perfil médio revela doentes de ambos os sexos
(50,0% vs 50,0%), com uma média de idades de 66,85 anos, casados ou a viver em união de
facto (72,7%), reformados (74,7%) e com prevalência do 1º ciclo do ensino básico (64,7%).
Para mensuração das variáveis utilizou-se um instrumento de colheita de dados, constituído
por uma caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, a Escala de Empowerment da Diabetes
(Anderson, Funnel, Fitzgerald & Marrero, 2000) e a Escala de Apoio Social (Matos &
Ferreira, 2000).
Resultados: Constatou-se que um bom apoio social se encontra representado em 44,0% dos
participantes e que um elevado empowerment se configura em 36,7% da amostra. Das
variáveis sociodemográficas destacam-se as habilitações literárias que se relacionam
positivamente com o empowerment (H = 17,028; p = 0,001), verificando-se, de igual modo,
uma relação positiva entre a profissão exercida e o modo como a exerce e o empowerment
destes doentes, (H = 11,542; p = 0,021 e H = 11,879; p = 0,003 respetivamente).O apoio
social revela-se um preditor positivo do empowerment das pessoas portadoras de diabetes,
explicando 17,1% da sua variabilidade, relacionando-se positivamente com a variável
dependente, isto é, à medida que aumenta o nível de apoio social percecionado, aumenta o
empowerment (r = 0,411; p = 0,000).
Conclusão: As evidências encontradas neste estudo referem que o apoio social prediz o
empowerment das pessoas portadoras de diabetes de forma relevante. Medidas para englobar
a família e todos os recursos de apoio social possíveis, na Consulta de Enfermagem/Diabetes,
devem dar prioridade às estratégias relacionadas com o empowerment das pessoas portadoras
de diabetes.
Palavras-chave: Apoio social; Empowerment; Pessoas Portadoras de Diabetes.
ABSTRACT Background: Empowerment is a new philosophy demanded to people with diabetes in daily contact with his own disease. Social support is a key factor in determining the empowerment level revealed in such patients. Thus, social support is considered a feature that plays a leading role in promoting and improving the autonomy and self-management of diabetes, contributing for capacity building of patients with diabetes, enabling them with skills that allow overcoming the obstacles they encounter in their day-to-day. Objectives: To relate socio-demographic variables, those relating to the clinical profile of people with diabetes and alluding to the social support perceived by them. Assess the empowerment and realize the extent to which social support predicts empowerment of people with diabetes. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study based on logic of descriptive-correlational analysis was conducted using a non-probability sample of convenience consisting of 150 people with diabetes followed in primary health care units in center region, in consultation Diabetes in the months of October, November and December 2012. The average profile reveals patients of both genders (50,0%.vs 50,0%), with a mean age of 66,85 years, married or common law marriage. (72,7%), retired (74,7%) and prevalence of the 1st cycle of basic education (64,7%). The variables were measured using a data collection instrument, consisting of a socio-demographic and clinical characterization, the Diabetes Empowerment Scale (Anderson, Funnel, Fitzgerald & Marrero, 2000) and the Social Support Scale (Ferreira & Matos, 2000). Results: It was found that good social support is represented in 44,0% of participants and a high empowerment is configured in 36,7% of the sample. With regard to socio-demographic variables stands out educational attainment is positively related to empowerment (H = 17,028; p = 0,001), verifying, likewise, a positive relationship between the professional activity and how it is exercised and the empowerment of these patients (H = 11,542; p = 0,021 and H = 1,879; p = 0,003 respectively). Social support proves to be a positive predictor of empowerment of people with diabetes, explaining 17,1% of its variability, relating positively with the dependent variable, i.e. with the increased level of social support perceived increases the empowerment (r = 0,411; p = 0,000). Conclusion: The evidence from this study indicates that social support predicts empowerment of people with diabetes in a relevant way. Actions to include the family and all the resources of social support possible in Nursing Consultation / Diabetes, shall give priority to strategies related to the empowerment of people with diabetes. Keywords: Social Support, Empowerment, Persons with Diabetes.
ABSTRACT Background: Empowerment is a new philosophy demanded to people with diabetes in daily contact with his own disease. Social support is a key factor in determining the empowerment level revealed in such patients. Thus, social support is considered a feature that plays a leading role in promoting and improving the autonomy and self-management of diabetes, contributing for capacity building of patients with diabetes, enabling them with skills that allow overcoming the obstacles they encounter in their day-to-day. Objectives: To relate socio-demographic variables, those relating to the clinical profile of people with diabetes and alluding to the social support perceived by them. Assess the empowerment and realize the extent to which social support predicts empowerment of people with diabetes. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study based on logic of descriptive-correlational analysis was conducted using a non-probability sample of convenience consisting of 150 people with diabetes followed in primary health care units in center region, in consultation Diabetes in the months of October, November and December 2012. The average profile reveals patients of both genders (50,0%.vs 50,0%), with a mean age of 66,85 years, married or common law marriage. (72,7%), retired (74,7%) and prevalence of the 1st cycle of basic education (64,7%). The variables were measured using a data collection instrument, consisting of a socio-demographic and clinical characterization, the Diabetes Empowerment Scale (Anderson, Funnel, Fitzgerald & Marrero, 2000) and the Social Support Scale (Ferreira & Matos, 2000). Results: It was found that good social support is represented in 44,0% of participants and a high empowerment is configured in 36,7% of the sample. With regard to socio-demographic variables stands out educational attainment is positively related to empowerment (H = 17,028; p = 0,001), verifying, likewise, a positive relationship between the professional activity and how it is exercised and the empowerment of these patients (H = 11,542; p = 0,021 and H = 1,879; p = 0,003 respectively). Social support proves to be a positive predictor of empowerment of people with diabetes, explaining 17,1% of its variability, relating positively with the dependent variable, i.e. with the increased level of social support perceived increases the empowerment (r = 0,411; p = 0,000). Conclusion: The evidence from this study indicates that social support predicts empowerment of people with diabetes in a relevant way. Actions to include the family and all the resources of social support possible in Nursing Consultation / Diabetes, shall give priority to strategies related to the empowerment of people with diabetes. Keywords: Social Support, Empowerment, Persons with Diabetes.
Description
Keywords
Apoio social Diabetes mellitus Poder (Psicologia) Empowerment Power (Psychology) Social support
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. Escola Superior de Saúde de Viseu