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Intervenções do enfermeiro especialista em saúde infantil e pediátrica na consulta de desenvolvimento infantil : Scoping review
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Enquadramento: A formação especializada em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica assume relevância quando desenvolvida em contextos clínicos diferenciados, como o internamento pediátrico. Paralelamente, a vigilância do desenvolvimento infantil constitui uma área central da prática especializada, exigindo intervenções precoces, fundamentadas na evidência e centradas na criança e na família. Objetivos: Desenvolver competências especializadas em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica e mapear a evidência científica relativa às intervenções do Enfermeiro Especialista na consulta de desenvolvimento infantil, identificando fatores facilitadores e barreiras à sua implementação na prática clínica. Metodologia: Numa primeira fase, procedeu-se à descrição e reflexão crítica dos contextos clínicos. Numa segunda fase, realizou-se uma scoping review, segundo as orientações do JBI e do PRISMA-ScR. A questão foi estruturada com base na estratégia PCC. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases PubMed, ScienceDirect e Global Index Medicus, com descritores MeSH, termos livres e operadores booleanos, considerando um limite temporal de 10 anos. Após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, foram incluídos 13 estudos. Resultados: Identificaram-se intervenções centradas na vigilância do desenvolvimento, utilização de instrumentos de rastreio, identificação precoce de sinais de risco, referenciação para intervenção precoce e apoio às famílias. Destacaram-se como facilitadores: formação profissional, cooperação multidisciplinar e instrumentos estruturados; e como barreiras, a insuficiência de formação específica, constrangimentos organizacionais e desigualdades no acesso aos cuidados. Conclusão: O Enfermeiro Especialista desempenha um papel determinante na promoção do desenvolvimento infantil, sendo necessária a existência de condições organizacionais, formativas e assistenciais que sustentem uma prática integrada e baseada na evidência.
Palavras-chaves: Enfermagem pediátrica; desenvolvimento infantil, diagnóstico precoce; intervenção precoce.
Abstract Background: Specialized training in Pediatric and Child Health Nursing is particularly relevant when developed in differentiated clinical settings, such as pediatric inpatient care. Additionally, child development surveillance represents a central area of specialized practice, requiring early interventions grounded in evidence and focused on the child and family. Objectives: To develop specialized competencies in Pediatric and Child Health Nursing and to map the scientific evidence regarding the interventions of Specialist Nurses in child development consultations, identifying facilitators and barriers to their implementation in clinical practice. Methods: In the first phase, a descriptive and critical reflection of clinical contexts was conducted. In the second phase, a scoping review was carried out following the JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The research question was structured based on the PCC strategy. The search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Global Index Medicus databases, using MeSH descriptors, free terms, and Boolean operators, with a 10-year time limit. After applying eligibility criteria, 13 studies were included. Results: The studies identified interventions focused on systematic developmental surveillance, use of screening tools, early identification of risk signs, referral to early intervention, and family support. Facilitators included professional training, multidisciplinary collaboration, and the use of structured tools. Barriers included lack of specific training, organizational constraints, and inequalities in access to care. Conclusion: Specialist Nurses in Pediatric and Child Health play a key role in promoting child development. However, effective implementation of these interventions requires organizational, educational, and care conditions that support integrated and evidence-based practice. Keywords: Pediatric Nursing; Child Development; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention.
Abstract Background: Specialized training in Pediatric and Child Health Nursing is particularly relevant when developed in differentiated clinical settings, such as pediatric inpatient care. Additionally, child development surveillance represents a central area of specialized practice, requiring early interventions grounded in evidence and focused on the child and family. Objectives: To develop specialized competencies in Pediatric and Child Health Nursing and to map the scientific evidence regarding the interventions of Specialist Nurses in child development consultations, identifying facilitators and barriers to their implementation in clinical practice. Methods: In the first phase, a descriptive and critical reflection of clinical contexts was conducted. In the second phase, a scoping review was carried out following the JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The research question was structured based on the PCC strategy. The search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Global Index Medicus databases, using MeSH descriptors, free terms, and Boolean operators, with a 10-year time limit. After applying eligibility criteria, 13 studies were included. Results: The studies identified interventions focused on systematic developmental surveillance, use of screening tools, early identification of risk signs, referral to early intervention, and family support. Facilitators included professional training, multidisciplinary collaboration, and the use of structured tools. Barriers included lack of specific training, organizational constraints, and inequalities in access to care. Conclusion: Specialist Nurses in Pediatric and Child Health play a key role in promoting child development. However, effective implementation of these interventions requires organizational, educational, and care conditions that support integrated and evidence-based practice. Keywords: Pediatric Nursing; Child Development; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention.
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Palavras-chave
Desenvolvimento da criança Diagnóstico precoce Enfermagem pediátrica Intervenção educacional precoce Referência e consulta Revisão scoping Child development Early diagnosis Early intervention educacional Pediatric nursing Referral and consultation Scoping review