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Automatização de um sistema industrial
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Resumo(s)
O presente trabalho enquadra-se na área da automação e robótica industrial, com
especial enfoque no desenvolvimento de sistemas de controlo para equipamentos
industriais, implementados numa maquete existente no Laboratório de Automação e
Robótica (LAR) do Departamento de Engenharia Eletrotécnica (DEE). Inicialmente, são
apresentados o enquadramento tecnológico e o estado da arte, abordando a evolução dos
autómatos programáveis, interfaces homem-máquina (HMI) e robótica industrial,
evidenciando a importância destas tecnologias na modernização dos processos
industriais.
O trabalho desenvolveu a programação estruturada do ciclo de trabalho de parte
do sistema, através de um PLC, incluindo a configuração das entradas, saídas e memórias
internas, bem como a elaboração de diagramas grafcet para controlo sequencial.
Paralelamente, foi implementada uma HMI que permite a monitorização em tempo real
do sistema. Adicionalmente, foi realizada a simulação em ambiente virtual e a
programação real de um robô industrial ABB IRB 1600, responsável pela manipulação e
embalagem de peças.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a automatização de um sistema industrial,
utilizando para isso uma maquete existente no LAR do DEE. Para tal, foram
desenvolvidas soluções que incluem: i) a programação estruturada do ciclo de trabalho,
num autómato programável, para controlo de parte do sistema; ii) a implementação do
sistema de comando, em modo manual e automático, através de uma Interface Homem
Máquina (HMI), permitindo a monitorização e operação do processo; e iii) a simulação
em ambiente virtual e a programação real de um robô industrial ABB IRB 1600, destinado
à manipulação de peças e respetiva embalagem das mesmas em caixas de cartão.
Os resultados alcançados evidenciam a viabilidade da automatização da maquete
utilizada neste projeto, validando a programação do PLC, a interação com a HMI e o
controlo do robô industrial, contribuindo, assim, para uma maior compreensão do
funcionamento integrado de sistemas automatizados.
This work falls within the area of industrial automation and robotics, with a special focus on the development of control systems for industrial equipment, implemented in a model located in the Automation and Robotics Laboratory (ARL) of the Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE). Initially, the technological framework and state of the art are presented, addressing the evolution of programmable logic controllers (PLCs), human-machine interfaces (HMIs), and industrial robotics, highlighting the importance of these technologies in the modernization of industrial processes. This work involved developing the structured programming of a portion of the system's workflow using a PLC, including the configuration of inputs, outputs, and internal memories, as well as the creation of Grafcet diagrams for sequential control. In parallel, an HMI was implemented to allow real-time monitoring of the system. Additionally, virtual environment simulation and real-world programming of an ABB IRB 1600 industrial robot, responsible for handling and packaging parts, were performed. This work aims to automate an industrial system, using an existing model at the DEE's LAR. To this end, solutions were developed that include: i) structured programming of the work cycle in a programmable logic controller (PLC) to control part of the system; ii) implementation of the control system, in manual and automatic mode, through a Human-Machine Interface (HMI), allowing monitoring and operation of the process; and iii) virtual environment simulation and real-world programming of an ABB IRB 1600 industrial robot, designed for handling parts and their packaging in cardboard boxes. The results achieved demonstrate the feasibility of automating the model used in this project, validating the PLC programming, the interaction with the HMI, and the control of the industrial robot, thus contributing to a greater understanding of the integrated operation of automated systems.
This work falls within the area of industrial automation and robotics, with a special focus on the development of control systems for industrial equipment, implemented in a model located in the Automation and Robotics Laboratory (ARL) of the Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE). Initially, the technological framework and state of the art are presented, addressing the evolution of programmable logic controllers (PLCs), human-machine interfaces (HMIs), and industrial robotics, highlighting the importance of these technologies in the modernization of industrial processes. This work involved developing the structured programming of a portion of the system's workflow using a PLC, including the configuration of inputs, outputs, and internal memories, as well as the creation of Grafcet diagrams for sequential control. In parallel, an HMI was implemented to allow real-time monitoring of the system. Additionally, virtual environment simulation and real-world programming of an ABB IRB 1600 industrial robot, responsible for handling and packaging parts, were performed. This work aims to automate an industrial system, using an existing model at the DEE's LAR. To this end, solutions were developed that include: i) structured programming of the work cycle in a programmable logic controller (PLC) to control part of the system; ii) implementation of the control system, in manual and automatic mode, through a Human-Machine Interface (HMI), allowing monitoring and operation of the process; and iii) virtual environment simulation and real-world programming of an ABB IRB 1600 industrial robot, designed for handling parts and their packaging in cardboard boxes. The results achieved demonstrate the feasibility of automating the model used in this project, validating the PLC programming, the interaction with the HMI, and the control of the industrial robot, thus contributing to a greater understanding of the integrated operation of automated systems.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
HMI Pneumática Autómato programável Maquete Programmable Logic Controller HMI model pneumatics robotics and industrial automation