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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: O estágio de natureza profissional desenvolvido e que deu resposta a este relatório visa o desenvolvimento de competências para a obtenção do título de especialista e grau de mestre em Saúde Materna, Obstétrica e Ginecológica. Na componente de investigação estudou-se os benefícios da aromoterapia na fase ativa do trabalho de parto. Atualmente são vários os métodos não farmacológicos a ser utilizados durante o trabalho de parto, sendo um deles a aromaterapia. As massagens lombares com óleos essenciais durante o trabalho de parto são conhecidas há muitos séculos, estando ao dispor uma variedade destes óleos que poderão ser vantajosos durante a fase ativa do trabalho de parto, pois fortalecem e aumentam as contrações e, simultaneamente, possuem um efeito analgésico e relaxante.
Objetivo: Adquirir competências especificas comuns ao Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica; Mapear a evidência científica sobre os benefícios da aromoterapia na fase ativa do trabalho de parto. Metodologia: No que diz respeito ao Capítulo I, foi realizada uma análise reflexiva da prática, tendo como referência o perfil de competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica. No âmbito do eixo de investigação foi realizado um mapeamento da evidência científica da revisão integrativa da literatura, teve-se como método de identificação de estudos que atendessem aos critérios de inclusão. Assim, fez-se uma pesquisa de estudos datados entre 2017 a 2022, nos idiomas português e inglês, recorrendo a plataformas eletrónicas de bases de dados, nomeadamente: PubMed/Medline e Web of Science, tendo sido incluídos, após todo o processo metodológico, 7 estudos.
Resultados: A evidência dos estudos analisados revela que a aromoterapia contribui para a gestão da dor, diminuição da ansiedade durante o trabalho de parto e parto, aumentam a sensação de tranquilidade, as mulheres sentem mais contrações e ajuda a avançar o trabalho de parto, relaxando-as mais. Os óleos essenciais mais utilizados, na fase ativa do trabalho de parto, são o óleo de lavanda, de rosas, canela e rosa damascena, mas com predomínio do óleo de lavanda. Relativamente às experiências mínimas propostas, verificou-se que no decorrer dos estágios realizados foram antigidas.
Conclusão: A dor vivenciada pelas parturientes durante e após o parto, requer especial atenção do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica, que no âmbito da sua intervenção autónoma pode recorrer a práticas complementares recomendadas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Conclui-se que aromaterapia, quando utilizada com os óleos essenciais citados na presente revisão promove efeitos físicos e psicológicos positivos na saúde materna, reduzindo também a ansiedade e aliviando a dor e desconforto na fase ativa do trabalho de parto. Como tal, sugere-se uma maior implementação desta prática complementar.
Palavras-chave: Trabalho de parto; Fase ativa do trabalho de parto; Aromoterapia; Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica.
Abstract Background: The internship of professional nature developed and that gave answer to this report aims to develop skills for obtaining the title of specialist and master's degree in Maternal, Obstetric and Gynecological Health. In the research component the benefits of aromatherapy in the active phase of labor were studied. Currently there are several non-pharmacological methods being used during labor, one of them being aromatherapy. Lumbar massages with essential oils during labor have been known for many centuries, and a variety of these oils are available that may be beneficial during the active phase of labor, because they strengthen and increase contractions and, at the same time, have an analgesic and relaxing effect. Objective: Acquire specific common skills to the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing; To map the scientific evidence on the benefits of aromatherapy in the active phase of labor. Methodology: With regard to Chapter I, a reflective analysis of the practice was conducted with reference to the profile of competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. Within the research axis, a mapping of the scientific evidence of integrative literature review was performed; the method of identifying studies that met the inclusion criteria was used. Thus, a search was made for studies dated between 2017 and 2022, in Portuguese and English languages, using electronic database platforms, namely: PubMed/Medline and Web of Science, and after all the methodological process, 7 studies were included. Results: The evidence of the studies analyzed reveals that aromatherapy contributes to pain management, decreased anxiety during labor and delivery, increase the feeling of tranquility, women feel more contractions and helps to advance labor, relaxing them more. The most commonly used essential oils in the active phase of labor are lavender, rose, cinnamon, and rosa damascena, but with lavender oil predominating. Regarding the proposed minimum experiments it was found that during the internships were satisfied. Conclusion: The pain experienced by parturients during and after birth requires special attention from the Nurse Specialist in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, who, within the scope of their autonomous intervention, may use the complementary practices recommended by the World Health Organization. It is concluded that aromatherapy when used with the essential oils mentioned in this review, promotes positive physical and psychological effects on maternal health, also reducing anxiety and relieving pain and discomfort in the active phase of labor. As such, a greater implementation of this complementary practice is suggested. Keywords: Labor; Active Phase of Labor; Aromatherapy; Maternal and Obstetric Health Nurse Specialist.
Abstract Background: The internship of professional nature developed and that gave answer to this report aims to develop skills for obtaining the title of specialist and master's degree in Maternal, Obstetric and Gynecological Health. In the research component the benefits of aromatherapy in the active phase of labor were studied. Currently there are several non-pharmacological methods being used during labor, one of them being aromatherapy. Lumbar massages with essential oils during labor have been known for many centuries, and a variety of these oils are available that may be beneficial during the active phase of labor, because they strengthen and increase contractions and, at the same time, have an analgesic and relaxing effect. Objective: Acquire specific common skills to the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing; To map the scientific evidence on the benefits of aromatherapy in the active phase of labor. Methodology: With regard to Chapter I, a reflective analysis of the practice was conducted with reference to the profile of competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. Within the research axis, a mapping of the scientific evidence of integrative literature review was performed; the method of identifying studies that met the inclusion criteria was used. Thus, a search was made for studies dated between 2017 and 2022, in Portuguese and English languages, using electronic database platforms, namely: PubMed/Medline and Web of Science, and after all the methodological process, 7 studies were included. Results: The evidence of the studies analyzed reveals that aromatherapy contributes to pain management, decreased anxiety during labor and delivery, increase the feeling of tranquility, women feel more contractions and helps to advance labor, relaxing them more. The most commonly used essential oils in the active phase of labor are lavender, rose, cinnamon, and rosa damascena, but with lavender oil predominating. Regarding the proposed minimum experiments it was found that during the internships were satisfied. Conclusion: The pain experienced by parturients during and after birth requires special attention from the Nurse Specialist in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, who, within the scope of their autonomous intervention, may use the complementary practices recommended by the World Health Organization. It is concluded that aromatherapy when used with the essential oils mentioned in this review, promotes positive physical and psychological effects on maternal health, also reducing anxiety and relieving pain and discomfort in the active phase of labor. As such, a greater implementation of this complementary practice is suggested. Keywords: Labor; Active Phase of Labor; Aromatherapy; Maternal and Obstetric Health Nurse Specialist.
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Keywords
Aromaterapia Família Gravidez Puerpério Revisão Trabalho de parto Aromatherapy Family Labor, obstetric Postpartum period Pregnancy Review