ESSV - UEMOG - Artigo em revista científica, indexada ao WoS/Scopus
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- Eating Habits and Food Literacy: Study Involving a Sample of Portuguese AdolescentsPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Guiné, Raquel; Leitão, A. L.; Duarte, João; Andrade, J.; Amaral, OdeteAdolescents tend to neglect food and their eating pattern is influenced by several factors. Adolescents’ health literacy substantiates their ability to respond to the growing demands of health, being linked to health promotion in several areas, including food. The goal of this work was to analyze the relationship between sociodemographic and contextual variables with secondary school students’ food literacy. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was carried out with a sample of 181 nonprobabilistic secondary school students, aged between 16 and 21 years (mean = 18.09 years ± 1.45), mostly female (58.0%), from 11th grade (35.4%), who are part of a secondary school in central Portugal. As a tool for data collection, the questionnaire of the project “Your PEL – Promote and Empower for Health Literacy in the young population” was used, aggregating three areas: eating behaviors, harmful consumptions and sexuality. The results showed that 58.6% of young people eat 4–5 meals a day, consume fast food weekly (79%) and eat soup (82.3%). Additionally, they eat fruit and vegetables on a daily basis (94.5 and 83.4%, respectively). The results further showed that 10th grade students have higher levels of health and food literacy. It was observed that both girls and boys are interested in receiving information regarding food, transmitted through social networks and by a communication application (84.5 and 73.5%, respectively), with significant differences (χ2 = 4.768; p = 0.028). Adolescents face unique health challenges and a critical level of health literacy compromises their understanding of information about diet and future health. The results indicate that educational plans to empower adolescents in these areas, which integrate gender and age differences and sources of information as important variables to be considered, are pivotal for increasing levels of health and food literacy.
- Health beliefs about cervical cancer in university studentsPublication . Nelas, Paula; Duarte, João; Chaves, Cláudia; Coutinho, Emília; Amaral, OdeteABSTRACT: Problem Statement: There are approximately 60000 women with cervical cancer in Europe and of these, 30000 die annually. Through screening programmes we can prevent many cases of illness and death1. Research Questions: What are the health beliefs about cervical cancer in university students? Purpose of the Study: To identify health beliefs about cervical cancer in university students. Research Methods: This is a quantitative, analytical, comparative and correlational study, with a sample of 345 university students. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire that assesses the health beliefs about cervical cancer in university students and the Health Belief Scale2. Findings: The participants have a low belief in vulnerability, an average belief in severity relative to cervical cancer, a high belief in benefits and indifference in the belief of barriers to screening. Conclusions: Health professionals are fundamental in health education so that people will adopt healthy attitudes to health, to encourage adherence to screening for cervical cancer and to demystify wrong ideas.
- Health Literacy And Pregnancy SurveillancePublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Neto, Silvia; Amaral, Odete; Duarte, JoãoHealth literacy is a determinant of health and quality of life. During pregnancy, one can identify symptoms that may affect the evolution of the pregnancy. The objectives of the study were to determine the level of literacy in the health of pregnant women, and identify the sociodemographic, obstetric and prenatal care variables associated with the level of literacy in the health of pregnant women. The methods involved a a cross-sectional study, using a quantitative, descriptive and correlational approach with nonprobabilistic sample, intended for convenience (n = 404 pregnant women) with a mean age of 32 years. The collection of data was carried out by applying a questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions, obstetrical questions and the HLS-EU-EN-scale (National School of Public Health, 2014). Using the HLS-EU-EN scale, 36.9% of pregnant women presented a problematic level of health literacy. However, a sufficient level of literacy about care was shown in 40.1% of the women, about prevention of diseases in 39.9% and about health promotion in 38.4%. The health literacy during pregnancy is influenced by nationality (p = 0.048), place of residence (p = 0.000), educational level (p = 0.000), family income (p = 0.000), internet within the household (p = 0.000), planning and desire of pregnancy (p <0.05) preparation course for childbirth/parenting (p = 0.000), prenatal care (p = 0.000) and early prenatal care before 12 weeks (p = 0.000). We obtained a problematic level of Literacy in Health that was associated with several sociodemographic and obstetric variables. This improved the result in pregnancy, which is essential for healthy motherhood and includes the development of skills and knowledge so that the pregnant woman has decision-making power and autonomy to make free and informed decisions.
- Living Conditions and Helicobacter pylori in AdultsPublication . Amaral, Odete; Fernandes, Isabel; Veiga, Nélio; Pereira, Carlos; Chaves, Claudia; Nelas, Paula; Silva, DanielInfection by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is transmissible and is considered a public health issue which affects people of all ages. The objective of this study was to identify factors (lifestyles, dietary factors, and hygiene conditions) related to the prevalence of H. pylori infection.
- Motivation for breastfeeding : a matter of educational level?Publication . Nelas, Paula; Santos, Carla; Duarte, João; Coutinho, Emília; Chaves, Cláudia; Amaral, Odete; Ferreira, Manuela; Cruz, CarlaAbstract: Background: The incidence of breastfeeding at hospital discharge is high; however, its prevalence is low up to the age of 2 years. Objectives: The aim of this study is to verify the relationship between motivation towards breastfeeding and sociodemographic and obstetric variables, and to analyse the inluence of those variables on motivation for breastfeeding when compared to educational level. Materials and methods: This is a quantitative, correlational, descriptive and analytic study. The sample is non-probabilistic with 479 puerperal women (on the day of hospital discharge). The data collection instrument is a questionnaire for sociodemographic and obstetric characterisation and includes the Breastfeeding Motivation Scale. Results: In the sample, 59.5% have higher education, 73.9% are employed and 55.3% live in urban areas. 48.0% are irst-time mothers, 92.4% have a planned pregnancy. Most deliveries were at term (68.4%). Almost all (9 in 10) are found to be highly motivated to breastfeed. Age, marital status, residence and educational attainment did not inluence the overall motivation for breastfeeding. The unemployed are the most motivated. Multiparous mothers are more motivated. The relationship between the other obstetric variables and motivation for breastfeeding has not been proven. The mediator variable (educational level) only had an impact on residence, where those residing in urban areas and with higher education are more motivated in the physiological dimension, followed by residents in urban with qualiications up to secondary education. Conclusion: We suggest that a working group is created with activities in the school community to elucidate young people about the importance of breastfeeding based on the guidelines laid out in the breastfeeding policy.
- Perfil sociodemográfico e prevalência do Helicobacter Pylori em adultos portuguesesPublication . Amaral, Odete; Fernandes, Isabel; Pereira, Carlos; Veiga, Nélio; Nelas, Paula; Chaves, Claudia; Coutinho, EmíliaSociodemographic profile and the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Portuguese adults Introduction: within the last decades, great importance has been given to the bacterium Helicobacter Pylori. The Helicobacter pylori infection is a public health problem and is recognized as one of the most common chronic infections, estimating that about half of the world’s population is infected with it. This bacterium, located in the gastric mucosa, is related to some pathologies: gastritis, gastric carcinoma, peptic ulcer. Methods: We carried out an observational cross-sectional study with a community sample of adults from the municipalities of Viseu and Satão. The final sample consisted of 166 adults, aged between 19 and 92 years (mean of 46.96 ± 3.17 years), and the majority female (56.6%). Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with questions regarding sociodemographic aspects, the family household and daily habits and lifestyles. The H. pylori infection was identified using the urea breath test. The test was performed in the morning after at least 6 hours of fasting. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical program SPSS 23.0. The prevalences were expressed in proportions and compared by the chi-square test with a level of significance of 0.05. Associations were calculated using the Odds Ratio (OR), with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: The prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori was 48.8% (50.0% in females and 47.2% in males). We found higher percentages in the female gender, for ages ≤ 50 years, married, with an education level inferior to 12th grade, with a greater number of siblings, and for those who were employed. Nonetheless, the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Almost half of the sample was infected by the Helicobacter pylori bacteria. We found no association between the presence of Helicobacter pylori and gender; age; marital status; schooling, body mass index, professional situation, number of household members and the number of rooms.
- Sleep and academic performance of Portuguese teenagersPublication . Pestana, Leonor; Duarte, João; Coutinho, Emília; Nelas, Paula; Chaves, Cláudia; Amaral, OdeteAbstract: Sleep has numerous important functions in the body, such as consolidation of memory, concentration and learning. Changes in sleep cycles in adolescents lead to sleep deprivation with consequences to academic performance. Our research question was What are the sleep habits that influence school performance (study environment, study planning, study method, reading skills, motivation to study, overall school performance) in adolescents? We aimed to identify sleep habits predictors of the quality of school performance in adolescents. Research Methods: Crosssectional analytical study. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with socio-demographic questions, sleep habits and school performance scale. The sample consisted of 380 students between 7th and 9th grade, with an average age of 13.56 ± 1.23 years in the school year 2011/2012, from a 2nd and 3rd Cycle Basic School of the municipality of Viseu, Portugal. Findings: School performance in adolescents was associated with better subjective quality of sleep (p=0.000), with longer sleep duration (p=0.000), with watching tv/video before sleep (p=0.000), with the habit of studying before bedtime (p=0.012), with no computer use (p=0.013) and with reading habits before bed (p=0.000). School performance was also associated with adolescents who reported not feeling sleepy during class. The teenagers who sleep more and better, and who watch tv/video, study, do not use computers, and who read before going to bed, have a better school performance.