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- Excess weight and gestational self-care in primary care: a qualitative analysis according to OremPublication . Przybsz, Kelly Raquel; Sebold, Luciara Fabiane; Ferreira, Manuela; Wilhelm, Laís Antunes; Anders, Jane Cristina; Guedes, Ellen de MoraesObjetivo: analisar as visões, barreiras e facilitadores relacionados ao autocuidado em gestantes com excesso de peso, com base na Teoria de Orem, na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado com 17 gestantes com excesso de peso em uma unidade de saúde do norte do Brasil, entre novembro de 2023 e janeiro de 2024. Dados coletados por entrevistas semiestruturadas e submetidos a análise de conteúdo temática, orientada pelo referencial teórico de Orem. Protocolo de pesquisa aprovado por Comitê de Ética. Resultados: emergiram três categorias: “Déficits de autocuidado universal: rotina alimentar na gestação”, “Déficits de autocuidado universal: atividade física e lazer no período gestacional” e “Déficits de autocuidado de desenvolvimento: as implicações da obesidade gestacional”. Considerações finais: as percepções revelam barreiras e potenciais facilitadores do autocuidado, reforçando a necessidade de estratégias na atenção primária que apoiem gestantes com excesso de peso.
- Health literacy and its determinants among pregnant women in PortugalPublication . Ferreira, Nuno; Ferreira, Manuela; Santos, Eduardo José Ferreira; Ferreira, Sofia; Arriaga, Miguel Telo; Costa, AndreiaBackground Health literacy is a key determinant of health outcomes and equity, particularly during pregnancy, a period marked by increased information needs and critical health decisions. Despite its importance, data on health literacy among pregnant women in Portugal remain scarce. This study aimed to assess general health literacy levels and their associations with sociodemographic, health-related, and pregnancy-specific factors in a large sample of pregnant women from the district of Viseu, Portugal. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 886 pregnant women aged 18 years or older, using the validated HLS19-Q12 instrument to measure general health literacy. Data collection occurred between October 2023 and May 2024 using a multimodal approach (online, interview, and paper-based). Health literacy was categorized into four levels and also dichotomized as limited versus not limited. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and binary logistic regression were performed to identify determinants of limited health literacy. Results The mean general health literacy score was 68.3 (SD±10.9). A total of 46.7% of participants were classified as having limited health literacy. Among the pregnant women surveyed, 18.8% were born outside Portugal. Of these, 74.7% were classified as having limited health literacy, compared to 40.2% among Portuguese-born participants. Higher prevalence was observed among women aged 18–29, those born outside Portugal, with lower education, in undifferentiated professions, and facing financial hardship. In the final adjusted logistic regression model, which combined variables selected through forward stepwise inclusion with theoretically important covariates entered in a second block, significant predictors of limited health literacy included being born outside Portugal (adjusted OR 2.43; 95% CI: 1.56–3.80), having lower education (up to high school), holding lower-skilled occupations, financial difficulties, and rating current health as equal or worse. Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index was also negatively associated with health literacy levels, with higher BMI more prevalent among women with limited health literacy. The model showed good discriminatory ability (area under the ROC curve=0.78). Conclusions A considerable proportion of pregnant women demonstrated limited health literacy, particularly among socioeconomically vulnerable and migrant groups. These findings underscore the urgency of adopting antenatal care approaches that are responsive to health literacy needs. Incorporating brief assessments during early prenatal visits, using plain language and visual communication tools, and offering targeted support to high-risk groups may enhance informed decision-making, promote equity, and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- Influence of the Training Process on the Health Literacy of Angolan Health PromotersPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Santos, Eduardo José Ferreira; Andrade, Joana; Figueiredo, Inês; Martins, Vitor; Margarida Campos, SofiaBackground: As part of the research project ‘Seigungo–Gungo’s Health, Education, and Maternal and Child Quality of Life: An Action-Research Project’, a study was conducted in the Gungo community in Angola, a region facing significant challenges in terms of access to healthcare and health literacy. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention training model designed to improve the health literacy of the participants. Methods: The sample consisted of 30 trainees, 60% of whom were male, with an average age of 45.6 years. Most participants were single (53.3%) and had completed 6 years of formal education (26.7%). Health literacy levels were assessed using the HLS-EU-PT-Q16, a short 16-item questionnaire designed to assess three key domains: healthcare, disease prevention, and health promotion. These domains are related to the focus of the training programme. Data collection took place throughout the year 2024. Results: According to the data obtained, prior to attending the training program, 60% of the participants demonstrated an inadequate level of health literacy. Following the intervention, this percentage dropped significantly to 20%. In contrast, the proportion of participants with sufficient to excellent health literacy rose from 16.7% to approximately 40%. The results indicate that the training program had a positive and statistically significant impact on improving health literacy in the Gungo community. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of targeted training and sustained intervention efforts to address the specific health education needs currently affecting this community.
- Dieta da parturiente de termo sem patologia associada: revisão sistemática da literaturaPublication . Rodrigues, Clara; Ferreira, Manuela; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Pousadas, Daniel; Igual, Ana; Pires, Ana; Firmo, Ana; Cosme, Ana; Santos, Eduardo José Ferreira; Coutinho, EmíliaIntrodução: A ingestão oral em trabalho de parto é praticada de forma inadequada em muitos hospitais e maternidades portugueses, com relatos onde o jejum é uma prática comum e é perpetuado de forma rotineira em todas as parturientes. Objetivo: Identificar a melhor evidência científica sobre qual a dieta mais adequada na parturiente de termo sem patologia associada. Métodos: Foi realizada uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) segundo o método da Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) e foi redigida de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA 2020). Resultados: A pesquisa foi feita em 5 bases de dados, CINAHL Complete, B-On, PUBMED, MEDLINE Complete e Nursing & Allied Health Colection, no dia 30 de março de 2023. Foram utilizados descritores (MeSH) e termos em linguagem natural, com os operadores boleanos “AND” e “OR”. Os limitadores utilizados foram todos os estudos em língua inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola, com friso temporal de 5 anos. Foram avaliados e analisados para elegibilidade 67 artigos por dois revisores independentes e incluídos 11 artigos na revisão. Conclusão: Os estudos apontam os líquidos claros sem resíduos, ricos em hidratos de carbono e proteínas como a dieta mais adequada e segura em parturientes de termo sem patologia associada, e identificam inúmeros benefícios para a parturiente, para o trabalho de parto e parto, para o feto e recém-nascido.
- Predictors of Condom Use among College StudentsPublication . Santos, M. J. O.; Ferreira, E. M. S.; Ferreira, ManuelaConsistent condom use is recognized as one of the most effective strategies to prevent unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Despite their effectiveness, condoms remain fairly well used among younger people. The conception of appropriate measures to change behaviors needs a deep understanding of the factors underlying poor adherence to condom use. This study aims to identify the predictors of condom use among college students. A cross-sectional, correlational, and predictive study was conducted involving a convenience sample of 1946 university students, with an average age of 21 years (20.74 ± 2.32). Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM) was used as a conceptual and methodological framework to understand the relationship between the predictors of condom use. An explanatory theoretical model of condom use behavior was established using path analysis. Condom use among young people is infrequent, with only 39.4% of respondents reporting consistent use. Perceived benefits, positive feelings, and interpersonal influences emerged as variables with the most explicitly positive influence on the commitment to condom use, a trend confirmed for both sexes. Commitment was the strongest predictor of condom use behavior (β = 0.580; p < 0.001). Pender’s HPM is effective in explaining the relationships between the predictors of condom use
- O impacto no pavimento pélvico da aplicação da Manobra de Kristeller no período expulsivoPublication . Pires, Ana Sofia; Ferreira, ManuelaIntrodução: A Manobra de Kristeller ou pressão no fundo uterino, exercida durante a segunda fase do trabalho de parto, é frequentemente utilizada sem o consentimento da parturiente e, devido aos seus efeitos adversos, é considerada violência obstétrica. Objetivo: Identificar as complicações maternas associadas ao uso da Manobra de Kristeller no segundo período do trabalho de parto. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, relacional-analítico, em coorte transversal, realizado com uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência, segundo o método em bola de neve com colheita de dados através de questionário online a 275 mulheres que pariram em Portugal nos últimos 5 anos. Foram obtidos dados sobre antecedentes obstétricos, avaliação do incómodo relacionado às disfunções do pavimento pélvico, a sua relação com fatores sociodemográficos, com os dados relativos ao último parto e o seu impacto nas atividades de vida diária. Resultados: A maioria das mulheres teve apenas 1 parto de termo (73,5%). Prevalecem as mulheres cujo último parto foi eutócico. A quase totalidade da amostra teve um parto simples, com duração inferior a 24 horas. Mais de metade das mulheres referiu que foi sujeita a episiotomia. Em 50,9% dos casos as mulheres formam sujeitas a Manobra de Kristeller e estas apresentam maior impacto no pavimento pélvico. Conclusão: Ficou demonstrado que quanto mais impacto na bexiga em decorrência da Manobra de Kristeller mais problemas urinários as mulheres revelam; quanto mais impacto na bexiga e na vagina/períneo mais incómodo relacionado com as disfunções do pavimento pélvico as mulheres reportam. Importa referir que a evidência científica não suporta o uso da Manobra de Kristeller para acelerar de forma segura o segundo período do trabalho de parto.
- Promoting Local Development and Food Literacy in a Rural Angolan CommunityPublication . Margarida Campos, Sofia; Andrade, Joana ; Santos, Eduardo José Ferreira; Figueiredo, Inês ; Martins, Vitor ; Matos, Eugénia; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Ferreira, ManuelaBackground/Objectives: In Angola, malnutrition contributes each year to the deaths of an estimated 42,000 to 76,000 children under the age of 5. Addressing this issue must stand as a priority and requires providing local residents with access not only to nutritious food but also to adequate and accurate information in order to facilitate informed dietary choices. As part of the “Seigungo—Health, Education and Quality of Maternal and Child Life in Gungo project”, a nutrition-focused study was conducted in Gungo, Angola to evaluate the effectiveness of a training model designed to enhance food literacy among residents. Methods: Data were collected using a 14-item questionnaire developed to assess various key domains of food literacy: information seeking and access; comprehension and thematic knowledge; critical evaluation of information and behaviour; practical application and sound decision-making. Results: Thirty trainees took part in the study, of which 60% were men, with a mean age of 45.6 years. The majority were single (53.3%) and had completed six years of formal education (26.7%). Before attending the training program, 86.7% of the participants demonstrated inadequate or problematic food literacy. Following the intervention, the proportion of participants with adequate food literacy increased significantly from 13.3% to 73.3% (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The training program had a statistically significant impact on improving food literacy.
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Empowerment in Rural AngolaPublication . Andrade, Joana; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Santos, Eduardo José Ferreira; Figueiredo, Inês ; Martins, Vitor; Matos, Eugénia; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Ferreira, ManuelaBackground: This study focused on a community located in Sumbe, in the Kwanza Sul province of Angola. The community’s limited resources significantly affect the healthcare of its residents. Local beliefs and traditions exacerbate this issue. Considering this scenario and a preliminary diagnosis by the research team, the Seigungo project aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a training programme with different health-related modules. The module addressed in this study focused on sexual and reproductive health. Methods: This exploratory, quantitative, observational before-and-after study employed a descriptivecorrelational analysis with a sample of 30 participants (n = 30) who finished the training programme. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM® SPSS® Statistics, version 29.0. Results: The sexual and reproductive health literacy module of the implemented training programme proved effective. Considering the results before the training, 53.3% of the health promoters presented inadequate literacy levels, and after the training this number decreased to only 3.3%. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that education and community engagement may significantly improve the levels of literacy in sexual and reproductive health, which may result in better health decisions and outcomes.
- Healthy motivations for food consumption in 16 countriesPublication . de Pinho Ferreira Guiné, Raquel; Gonçalves, Joana; Florença, Sofia G.; Ferreira, Manuela; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Bartkiene, Elena; Djekic, Ilija; Tarcea, Monica; Rumbak, Ivana; Sarić, Marijana Matek; Černelič-Bizjak, Maša; Isoldi, Kathy; EL-Kenawy, Ayman; Ferreira, Vanessa; Klava, Dace; Korzeniowska, Małgorzata; Vittadini, Elena; Leal, Marcela; Papageorgiou, Maria; Anjos, OféliaAbstract: There are many factors that can influence people’s attitudes towards healthy eating, including personal nature, sociodemographic influences, and lifestyle. This work investigated to what extent the motivations for healthy food consumption are shaped in individuals from different countries. A questionnaire survey was carried out on a sample of 11,919 participants from 16 countries. The results indicated that the strongest motivations for healthy food consumption were related to the perception of consuming healthy food, eating foods rich in vitamins and minerals, allied to food safety and hygiene concerns. Significant differences were found in healthy motivations between countries. Additionally, the sociodemographic variables that had a higher influence on health motivation levels were country, age, and gender. Concerning the anthropometric and lifestyle variables influencing healthy motivation for food consumption, the discriminating variables were: believing in having a healthy diet, physical exercise, and chronic diseases. In conclusion, the work showed important differences in the motivations for a healthy diet in different countries, but other variables also play a role in the motivation for the consumption of foods for health and well-being.
- Investigação e formação em questões de (des)igualdade de género com criançasPublication . Almeida, Ana Margarida; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Lacerda José, Carla Sofia Pereira; Ferreira, Manuela; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Guiné, RaquelIntrodução: As questões de género são um tema fundamental na atualidade, que importa debater desde cedo, a fim de contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma cidadania plena. Objetivo: Compreender as perspetivas das crianças sobre a igualdade de género, em geral e a nível profissional e salarial, antes e depois de uma intervenção pedagógica interdisciplinar no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB). Métodos: Estudo qualitativo que consistiu numa investigação sobre as práticas, utilizando diferentes técnicas de recolha de dados. Participaram 24 crianças, do 4.º ano, com idades compreendidas entre os 9 e 11 anos, de uma escola pública de um agrupamento de escolas do concelho de Viseu (Portugal). Resultados: Os dados revelaram que as crianças tinham já conhecimentos prévios sobre o assunto na linha do que a sociedade veicula. Todavia, a intervenção realizada levou a que muitas delas modificassem as suas perspetivas e se tornassem mais conscientes da influência de alguns estereótipos de género. As crianças manifestaram espanto pela diferença salarial entre homens e mulheres, sobre a qual não tinham ainda refletido e, em geral, demonstraram concordância em haver direitos iguais para todos no meio social e profissional. Conclusão: A educação para a igualdade de género é essencial em todo o percurso educativo. Com ela, as crianças têm a possibilidade de desconstruir preconceitos enraizados na sociedade, de desenvolver a sua personalidade de forma integral e de exercer os seus direitos cívicos com assertividade no futuro.