ESSV - UEMOG - Artigo em revista científica, indexada ao WoS/Scopus
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- Eating habits and food knowledge in a sample of portuguese university studentsPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Ferreira, Manuela; Duarte, João; Nunes, Bruno; Morais, Patrícia; Sanches, Rafaela; Abrantes, RomanaThe choice to adopt a healthy diet is complex, since food choices and eating behaviours are influenced by various factors, such as biological, social, environmental, demographic and psychological aspects. The transition from secondary school to university is a critical period that involves many social and physical environmental changes, which may lead to an unhealthy lifestyle. This study investigated the eating habits, food knowledge and the level of information about a healthy diet in a sample of 670 university students in Portugal. In general, the participants had a good food knowledge and satisfactory eating habits, as well as a satisfactory level of information about a healthy diet. There were found significant differences in the participants’ food knowledge among age groups and according to the area of studies. Most of the students revealed satisfactory eating habits, with significant differences between age groups, the area of studies and the practice of high competition sport. The results pointed to the necessity of improving educational programs which can contribute to increase university students’ food knowledge and consequently improve their eating habits.
- Influence of infertility and fertility adjustment on marital satisfactionPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Antunes, Lina; Duarte, João; Chaves, CláudiaAbstract Background: Infertility requires medical attention and treatment. It is also a disturbing life event with implications in dimensions of the individuals’ and the infertile couples’ lives (personal, relational and social). Research question: What factors influence marital satisfaction in couples with infertility problems? Objectives: Determine the influence of socio-demographic and obstetric variables, as well as personal history in the adjustment to fertility and marital satisfaction; evaluate the influence of infertility and fertility adjustment on marital satisfaction. Methods: It is a quantitative study with a 106 women being followed at the reproductive medicine unit of Center of Portugal. Data collection was through a questionnaire comprising a socio-demographic component, obstetric history, personal history and Fertility Adjustment Scale (Leal, 2010) and Evaluation Scale regarding Marital Life Satisfaction (Narciso & Costa, 1996) scales. Results: The adjustment to fertility is influenced by age and by the existence of previous pregnancies on "Total Adjustment" (p = 0,013 and p = 0,026, respectively) and by the number of services one attends, in "Life on Hold" (p = 0,024). Marital satisfaction, is influenced by education level and the beginning of infertility treatments on "Sexuality" (p = 0,039). Conclusion: In this research, it became clear that the adjustment to fertility may not influence at all marital satisfaction; however it influences very important aspects of the couple’s life. Thus, aspects of marital satisfaction will influence determinants of fertility adjustment, such as “Emotional Intimacy", "Sexuality" and "Communication/Conflict" in "Life on Hold" and "Autonomy" in "Parenting".
- Attitudes of women regarding the voluntary interruption of pregnancyPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Fernandes, Bruno; Duarte, João; Chaves, CláudiaAbstract: Problem Statement: The voluntary interruption of pregnancy has been a controversial topic in economically developed societies, covering multiple perspectives and mobilizing human, ethical, social, psychological, political, technical and economic. Research Questions: What are the attitudes of women regarding the voluntary interruption of pregnancy? Purpose of the Study: Analyse the influence of socio-demographic variables on attitudes, obstetric variables and attitudes regarding the voluntary interruption of pregnancy; Investigate the influence of self-esteem in attitudes regarding the voluntary interruption of pregnancy; Relate the variables of family and social context with attitudes regarding the voluntary interruption of pregnancy. Research Methods: A quantitative study, with 101 women who voluntarily interrupted their pregnancy in Portugal. Data collection through a questionnaire with socio-demographic and obstetric history component and Family Functionality (Smilkstein 1978, Azevedo & Matos, 1989); Self Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965, Santos & Maia, 1999, 2003); Satisfaction with Social Support (Ribeiro, 1999); Satisfaction in Areas of Conjugal Life (Narciso & Costa, 1996). Findings: The women's ages ranged between 16 and 49 years, 61.4% were single / divorced, 48.3% are in their second pregnancy. In Social Support, “full intimacy”, “total social support” and Satisfaction in areas of conjugal life, “sexuality” and “full autonomy”, have predictive power (p < 0.05) over the attitudes of women regarding the voluntary interruption of pregnancy. Conclusions: The knowledge of the attitudes of women regarding the voluntary interruption of pregnancy, will produce reflections in the specialized care, in the context of family planning and preconception and psychological support, aiming for excellence of the practices in maternal health, obstetrics and gynaecology.
- Quality of life of women with infertilityPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Vicente, Sandra; Duarte, João; Chaves, CláudiaAbstract Background: Procreation and the wish to start a family is one of the natural needs of human beings and one of the important pillars of their quality of life. It is subject to emotional and marital impacts which may contribute to pregnancy failure. Objectives: To identify determinants that influence the quality of life; to determine whether socio demographic variables impact the quality of life of women with infertility; to verify the influence of contextual variables of infertility on the quality of life of women. Methods: A quantitative study with 106 women with a diagnosis of infertility. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire consisting of a socio-demographic component, obstetric history and a scale WHOQOL - Brief (Abbreviated Instrument for Assessment of the Quality of Life of the World Health Organization). Results: The average age was 33 years; 62.3 %have never been pregnant and 51.9% have been trying to get pregnant for more than 3 years. There is a relationship (p<0.05) between age, schooling, number of previous pregnancies, type of treatment used in case of missed abortion, duration of menstruation, infertility and quality of life. Conclusion: Updating knowledge has become increasingly important for health professionals, aiming for the improvement of the quality of life of women confronted with a diagnosis of infertility. These results are consistent with those obtained by other studies that validate the change in quality of life, according to several socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history and infertility diagnosis.
- Health beliefs about cervical cancer in university studentsPublication . Nelas, Paula; Duarte, João; Chaves, Cláudia; Coutinho, Emília; Amaral, OdeteABSTRACT: Problem Statement: There are approximately 60000 women with cervical cancer in Europe and of these, 30000 die annually. Through screening programmes we can prevent many cases of illness and death1. Research Questions: What are the health beliefs about cervical cancer in university students? Purpose of the Study: To identify health beliefs about cervical cancer in university students. Research Methods: This is a quantitative, analytical, comparative and correlational study, with a sample of 345 university students. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire that assesses the health beliefs about cervical cancer in university students and the Health Belief Scale2. Findings: The participants have a low belief in vulnerability, an average belief in severity relative to cervical cancer, a high belief in benefits and indifference in the belief of barriers to screening. Conclusions: Health professionals are fundamental in health education so that people will adopt healthy attitudes to health, to encourage adherence to screening for cervical cancer and to demystify wrong ideas.
- Smoking habits in adolescence: Educating to preventPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Baptista, Isabel; Duarte, João; Cabral, Lídia; Nunes, João Pedro; Andrade, JoanaThe onset of smoking occurs most often in schools, based on socially enabling representations, but predictors of unhealthy lifestyles. In this context, we aimed to characterize the teenage consumer of tobacco profile attending secondary school. Materials and method Conducting a quantitative, descriptive, correlational, analytical and cross-sectional study in a sample of 971 adolescents aged between 14 and 21 years, with implementation of socio-demographic questionnaire, of school context and lifestyles; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Romano, Negreiro & Martins, 2007); Clinical Inventory of Selfconcept (Vaz Serra, 1984) and Tobacco Consumption Scale (Precioso, 2007). Results The students, aged between 14 and 21, are part of families of medium-high or high yield (56.70%), most are attending the 10th year 38.60%, seconded by the 11th year with 31.50%. We verified that 62.00% of students have positive feelings ("like") in relation to school, 32.00% are indifferent and 6.0% showed negative feelings ("do not like"). The very large majority of adolescents (82.60%) spend less than 30 minutes in travel time to school and only 17.40% take 30 minutes or more on the trip. We verified that 42.60% of students have in their school career one or more flunk, occurring in higher percentage of boys than in girls (47.70% versus 37.40%). In our sample (58.70%) of the adolescents reported that their parents are always available to help with regard to school work and 23.90% consider that it happens often. We found that the usual adolescent smokers reported being influenced by another family member (65.3%), girlfriend/boyfriend (40.8%), and the father (37.0%). As for peer influence we found that 68.0% of current smokers and 56.4% of occasional smokers hang out with three or more smoker friends. The supply of cigarettes happens with a higher prevalence in coffees (73.0%), at school (71.1%) and disco/clubs (56.2%). Conclusion There are several factors associated with the initiation of tobacco consumption, especially among them the peer pressure and parental influence. The more smokers surround adolescents the higher the probability of them starting tobacco consumption. The data points to the need to implement preventive actions in family and in school, promoting in adolescents a healthy lifestyle.
- The importance of school and academic context in educational performance in a sample of Portuguese adolescentsPublication . Pestana, Leonor; Duarte, João; Coutinho, EmíliaThe school/academic context is key in engaging students in the learning process and consequently on school performance. Which academic and school context variables influence school performance (study environment, study planning, study method, reading skills, motivation to study, overall school performance) in adolescent? To assess the association between variables - school success, school environment, academic - and school performance in Portuguese adolescents from a sample of the central region. A quantitative, cross sectional, correlational study. Data collected through questionnaire of direct administration (sociodemographic, academic and school context variables and school performance scale). Non-probabilistic convenience sample of 380 students of 7th, 8th and 9th years of education in the school year 2011/2012, from a 2nd and 3rd cycle Basic School of Viseu Municipality, Portugal. Teens who have never failed (p <0.001), who live closer to school (p = 0.007) and who spend less time traveling to school (p = 0.007) are those who have a better overall school performance. A better school performance is also achieved, in the study planning (p = 0.015) dimension, by the adolescents with fewer years of schooling. Academic and school context variables, like the grade attended by adolescents, the distance they live from the school, and the time taken in traveling to school, are determinants of adolescent school performance.
- Caregivers’ burden experienced by relatives living with a person suffering from schizophreniaPublication . Cabral, Lídia; Almeida, Maria João; Ferreira, Manuela; Gonçalves, Amadeu; Duarte, JoãoAbstract: Schizophrenia is a complex chronic disease that turns the affected person into a dependent and disorganized patient. This pathology is responsible for a major burden on the family members who are in charge of taking care of that person. Analyze to what extant can socio-demographic, clinical and environmental variables interfere with the burden felt by family members who live with someone suffering from schizophrenia; to analyze the relationship between a depressive mood state and the burden on the family members who live with a person suffering from schizophrenia were our objectives. As a methodology, quantitative and non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study. The data collection was done through socio-demographic questionnaires; Vaz Serra and Pio Abreu’s Portuguese version of Beck Depression Inventory (1973); Zarit Burden Interview adapted by Sequeira (2007). 95 informal caregivers taking care of schizophrenic patients were assessed. Participants are mainly female (66%), aged 40 or over (79%) and 36 % are the patients’ mothers. Gender, age and existing family ties variables interfered significantly with the impact caused on the caregiver’s burden. There was a statistically significant correlation between the depressive symptomatology and the burden experienced by the family caregivers. Family/ informal caregiver experience several difficulties when they have to go through a daily process of taking care of a family member suffering from schizophrenia. This situation may cause exhaustion, conflicts, emotional suffering and even depressive symptomatology. This burden of care grows stronger as the patients are older, when they are male and when there are no families ties binding patient and caregiver. These variables must be taken into account in these caregivers’ service plans.
- Therapeutic education, the premise of adherence to the type 2 diabetes therapeutic regimenPublication . Albuquerque, Carlos; Correia, Carla; Ferreira, Manuela; Duarte, JoãoBackground: type 2 diabetes mellitus includes changes in lifestyle in its etiology of prevention, but the evidence is clear —even when people know what to do and what they want to do, they simply do not adopt adherence behaviors. Structured education will allow improving not only metabolic control, but also the adjustment process to a new situation of disease, as well as to develop the patient’s skills in order to make him the key manager of his illness. Objectives: To determine patients’ adherence to prescribed therapeutic regimens. Material and methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental, descriptive, correlational study, with a sample of 102 people with type 2 diabetes, aged between 40 and 85 years old, mostly male (51.96%). The evaluation protocol included social-demographic and clinical questionnaire, Diabetes Self-care Scale and a questionnaire on Diabetes’ knowledge. We also used HbA1c in order to directly assess adherence. Results: It appears that there is no statistically signiicant correlation between socio-demographic variables such as gender and age and adherence. Variables, such as blood glucose monitoring, speciic diet compliance and knowledge, reveal a statistically signiicant effect on adherence (P < .05). Conclusion: The evidence is clear on the urgent need to recognize the importance of measuring patient adherence to a diabetes treatment plan for the maintenance of glycaemic control. We suggest the reinforcement of educational programs in people with type 2 diabetes so as to improve adherence to self-care.
- Clinical communication and adverse health events: literature reviewPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Brás, Cláudia; Barbieri, Maria do CéuAbstract Health institutions have an increased risk of occurrence of errors due to their diversity, specificity and volume of services, representing a great concern for health professionals whose main function is to protect the health and lives of their patients. We intend to identify a body of evidence, that shows what the most common adverse events are and what adverse events potentially arise from clinical miscommunications. An integrative literature review using the keywords "Adverse Events", "Patient Safety", "Communication". An inquiry was made on databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scielo and CINAHL, in articles published between January 2010 and March 2016, available in Portuguese and English. Of the 216 articles that emerged were selected eight articles that answered the research questions: what are the most common adverse events that have their origin in communication errors? Analyzing the selected studies, it appears that the most common adverse events arise in the context of obstetrics and pediatrics, in surgical contexts, in the continuity of care and related medication. Patient safety should be seen as a key component of quality in health care, with good management of the risk of fundamental error for the promotion of this security. The knowledge and understanding that communication failures are one of the main factors contributing to the occurrence of errors in the context of health care, allows the subsequent development of strategies to improve this process and thus ensure safer healthcare.