Browsing by Author "Ferraz, A."
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- Hydronephrosis due to a supernumerary ovarian and uterusPublication . Ferraz, A.; Vala, Helena; Santos, M.; Santos, C.Introduction Hydronephrosis is a distention and dilation of the renal pelvis, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of urine from the kidney, leading to progressive atrophy of the kidney. The obstruction of urine outflow can happen at any site from the renal pelvis to the urethral orifice. Unilateral hydronephrosis may occur without any symptoms. Material and Methods A seven month old european cat, was present to the clinic for vaccination. The routine physical examination revealed a palpable mass in the cranial abdomen. Severe left hydronephrosis was diagnosed after clinical, radiographical and ultrasonographical examination. The cat wasn’t azotemic. Surgery was necessary to reach a final aetiological diagnosis and treatment. A left ureteronephrectomy and ovariohysterectomy were performed. The cat kept the renal function, without serum increase in urea and creatinine, with no postoperative complications. Results At macroscopical examination, when the sample was sectioned longitudinally, some underdeveloped female genital organs, were observed, near the renal hilum. The histopathological analysis revealed a kidney with a very thin wall and clear atrophy of the cortical region, fibrosis of the ureter and a supernumerary ovary and uterus (adjacent to renal hilum). Discussion/Conclusion The occurrence of supernumerary ovaries has been observed in the cat and they are most frequently located on the broad ligament within 1 to 4 cm from the ovary but not in the localization described in the present case. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first case of double uterus and supernumerary ovarian to cause hydronephrosis. The ureteronephrectomy was successful in treating the animal.
- Lombar Tranverse Process OsteosarcomaPublication . Ferraz, A.; Coelho, A.; Vala, Helena; Santos, M.Introduction Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone tumor in dogs. Between 20 and 25% of canine OSA arise from bones of the axial skeleton and are also the most common extradural spinal neoplasm (46%). Radiographic appearance is nonspecific and inconsistent. Pain without neurological signs is the predominant initial finding with vertebral OSA. Materials and Methods A 8 years cross-bred male dog was presented for consultation complaining of progressive weight loss, apathy and nonspecific pain. A paralumbar mass on the left side was diagnosed after clinical and radiographical examination. Cytology of the mass was performed and the animal was hospitalized for pain control and nutritional support until definitive diagnosis. During hospitalization, the clinical status of the animal deteriorated emerging neurological abnormalities. The cytology revealed the presence of cells characteristic of a neoplastic process of mesenchymal origin, apparently sarcoma. It was decided to perform a myelogram wich revealed spinal cord compression at L4, caused by the mass. Due to the deterioration of clinical status and the diagnosis owners decided for euthanasia. Results At necropsy was observedthe thickening of the transverse process of L4 vertebra by a mass with 6.3 x 7.0 x 4.5 cm. The histopathological diagnosis revealed an OSA with different histologic aspects. Discussion and Conclusion An unsucessful outcome OSA was diagnosed. Aadequately treatinglocal disease ofvertebral OSA is very difficult. Surgery is an attempt to decompress dogs with neurologic deficits or intractable pain. Present recommendations are to perform surgery for decompression and institute radiation and chemotherapy.
- A rare case of retrobulbar neoplasia.Publication . Vala, Helena; Mega, A.; Santos, C.; Cruz, R.; Nóbrega, C.; Mesquita, JR; Esteves, F.; Vieira, F.; Ferraz, A.Introduction Neoplasms involving the optic nerve are rare. Intraorbital meningiomas, the most common tumour of the optic nerve, represent only 3% of all meningiomas in dogs, so few data exists to predict its symptoms and biologic behaviour. Objectives The authors describe and submit for discussion, a rare case of retrobulbar meningioma, in particular for assessment of histological grade and prognosis. Medical History A 10 year old Labrador Retriever male dog was presented for complaints of swelling and purulent discharge of the right eye. The animal had exophthalmos, protrusion of the third eyelid, chemosis, deep corneal ulceration and no pupillary light reflex. Exophthalmos due to a retrobulbar mass was diagnosed after physical, ophthalmic and ultrasound examination. Material and Methods The sample was fixed in 10 % buffered formalin solution, processed for routine histopathological diagnosis and a standard Streptavidin-Biotin Complex technique for immunohistochemical evaluation was also performed. Results Macroscopic examination revealed a conic mass, located in the retrobulbar portion of the optic nerve, adjacent to the posterior aspect of the globe with homogeneous, lobulated and whitish appearance and firm consistency. Microscopic examination revealed spindloid cells, with round-to-oval, finely stippled nuclei, small or indistinct nucleoli, moderate amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm, arranged in concentric whorls around capillaries, separated by interlacing fascicles, with small amount of well vascularized, collagenous stroma. Conclusion The authors suggested the diagnosis of transitional meningioma, based on the histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemistry results.
- Thymic Squamous Cell Carcinoma? Do you confirm this diagnosis?Publication . Vala, Helena; Santos, M.; Ferraz, A.Introduction In dogs thymic carcinoma is considered rare and distinguishes itself from thymoma by its cytologically malignant features, extensive local invasion, and a substantial potential for metastasis. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for most thymic tumours, with the exception of lymphoma. Medical History A 9 years old cross-breed male dog was presented due to cough and respiratory distress with duration of 4 weeks. The animal presented with inspiratory dyspnea and cyanosis. A mass, dorsal to the pharynx, was diagnosed after clinical and radiographical examination, suspected of thyroid neoplasia. Cytology was performed and revealed cells consistent with malignancy, apparently carcinoma with high parameters of aggressiveness. As a form of treatment and to obtain a definitive diagnosis, was decided to surgical removed the mass which measured 7.8x3.7x3.5cm. Material and Methods The sample was fixed in 10 % buffered formalin solution for histological evaluation and sent to the Anatomic Pathology Laboratory of the Agrarian Superior School of Viseu, in Portugal, for histological evaluation. Results Microscopic examination revealed that we were in presence of a lymphoid organ, with peculiar features, namely a small to intermediate-sized lymphoid cells, "starry-sky" pattern and rounded eosinophilic perivascular arrangements resembling Hassall's corpuscles. Concomitantly, typical features of squamous cell carcinoma were evident. Discussion and Conclusion In conclusion, based on its histological features, the authors suggested the diagnosis of Thymic Squamous Cell Carcinoma with an unusual location. Thymic tumours in dogs are predominantly located in the anterior mediastinum but they may extend from the neck to the posterior mediastinum.