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- A desinformação nos meios de comunicação social portugueses, o papel do jornalismo e do factchecking: o caso da guerra na UcrâniaPublication . Santos, Tifany Isabel Valente dos; Midões, Miguel; Martins , JoanaA dissertação de mestrado apresentada tem como objetivo analisar, compreender e estudar a desinformação mediática em Portugal, com foco no caso da guerra da Ucrânia, procurando responder à questão: existe desinformação nos media portugueses relativamente ao caso da guerra na Ucrânia? Desta forma, foi realizado um enquadramento teórico de modo a entender melhor esta temática, quais os procedimentos que estão a ser tomados para combater os problemas que surgem através da desinformação e verificar de que forma as informações falsas se tornaram uma propaganda para qualquer tópico apresentado ao público, uma vez que, com o surgimento da internet e das redes sociais, este problema foi amplamente difundido. A dissertação tem como objetivo abordar o conflito bélico entre Ucrânia e Rússia, procurando explorar a relação entre ambos os países ainda antes da guerra, bem como perceber o seu passado e os motivos que possam ter levado ao conflito. Relativamente ao estudo de caso, foi realizada uma análise noticiosa, que envolve o jornal Público e o telejornal do canal de televisão TVI, de modo a perceber se existe desinformação nos media em Portugal. E, ainda por forma a perceber como lidam os jornalistas com esta realidade, também foram realizadas entrevistas a jornalistas de diferentes meios de comunicação social (imprensa, rádio e televisão), de modo a entender o lado dos profissionais nesta temática. Em relação às conclusões retiradas do estudo de caso, tanto a análise noticiosa como as entrevistas revelam que a desinformação nos media portugueses, relativamente à guerra na Ucrânia, é que de facto existe, porém poucas vezes os media portugueses difundem informação falsa sobre o assunto, e quando o fazem, tendem a corrigir essa informação. A análise noticiosa mostrou que, embora existam esforços para combater a desinformação, há certos casos de informação falsa que chega ao público. Já os jornalistas de meios de comunicação portugueses evidenciaram as dificuldades que os profissionais enfrentam em relação ao fact-checking, especialmente devido à velocidade com que a desinformação chega ao público geral.
- Consumer Motivations Towards Second-hand Clothing: a Case Study in PortugalPublication . Simões, Cláudia Pereira; Amaro, Suzanne Fonseca; Reis, Manuel António Lourenço dosThis research aims to explore the current dynamics of second-hand clothing (SHC) consumption among Portuguese consumers, focusing on the motivations behind it, the barriers to its adoption, and other behavioural and attitudinal dimensions to gain a deeper understanding of consumer engagement in this market. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, examining key topics such as consumerism, sustainability, fast fashion, consumer motivations, and the circular economy. This review provided a solid theoretical foundation and underscored the importance of addressing second-hand clothing consumption as a sustainable alternative in the context of contemporary environmental and social challenges. To gather data, an online survey was conducted in Portugal during November 2024. A total of 230 respondents participated, and the survey categorized them as SHC consumers or non-consumers. The questionnaire aimed to capture motivational and attitudinal factors, as well as behavioural patterns, providing a multidimensional perspective on SHC consumption. Factor analysis revealed four motivational factors for SHC consumption: sustainable, economic, hedonic, and ethical motivations, with sustainable and economic motivations being the most significant. Gender differences were observed, with females scoring higher on sustainability and economic motivations. For non-consumers, three barrier factors were identified: contaminated interaction, social perception, and availability of local second-hand stores, with the latter being the most substantial. By identifying these motivations, barriers, and behavioral patterns, this study contributes to a better understanding of how to design effective communication strategies aimed at promoting sustainable consumption practices. Encouraging the reuse of clothing is not only a step toward fostering a circular economy but also a means to combat consumerism and ensure a more sustainable future for society as a whole.
- Perception of students' motivations in gymnastic activities in physical education classesPublication . Lourenço, Carla; Tatiana Rocha; Azevedo, AntónioIntroduction: Gymnastics encompasses a diverse spectrum of practices considered fundamental for students’ education process, promoting their physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development in an integrated manner. Nonetheless, its adoption in the school context falls short compared to other modalities. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the reasons behind the lack of enthusiasm for gymnastic activities, examining students' preferences and experiences through the analysis of their perceptions. Methodology: The study group consisted of a total of 232 participants from a school cluster located in Oliveira de Azeméis, from the 5th, 7th, and 10th grades, to ensure the representativeness of the early years of each study cycle, specifically the initial, intermediate, and final stages. An adapted version of the questionnaire by Silva and Ferro (2016) was used for data collection, as well as version 29 of the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for data analysis. Results: Age did not significantly influenced the enjoyment of gymnastic activities; a significant association was noted between gender and the enjoyment of the practice, as well as between gender and the perception of gymnastics as a feminine modality; there was a significant association between the appreciation of gymnastics in the school context and its practice outside of it, as well as with the perceived difficulty in its execution. Conclusions: Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective strategies that promote gymnastics in schools, ensuring that students can benefit from its advantages.