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A desinformação nos meios de comunicação social portugueses, o papel do jornalismo e do factchecking: o caso da guerra na Ucrânia
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Abstract(s)
A dissertação de mestrado apresentada tem como objetivo analisar, compreender e estudar a desinformação mediática em Portugal, com foco no caso da guerra da Ucrânia, procurando responder à questão: existe desinformação nos media portugueses relativamente ao caso da guerra na Ucrânia?
Desta forma, foi realizado um enquadramento teórico de modo a entender melhor esta temática, quais os procedimentos que estão a ser tomados para combater os problemas que surgem através da desinformação e verificar de que forma as informações falsas se tornaram uma propaganda para qualquer tópico apresentado ao público, uma vez que, com o surgimento da internet e das redes sociais, este problema foi amplamente difundido. A dissertação tem como objetivo abordar o conflito bélico entre Ucrânia e Rússia, procurando explorar a relação entre ambos os países ainda antes da guerra, bem como perceber o seu passado e os motivos que possam ter levado ao conflito.
Relativamente ao estudo de caso, foi realizada uma análise noticiosa, que envolve o jornal Público e o telejornal do canal de televisão TVI, de modo a perceber se existe desinformação nos media em Portugal. E, ainda por forma a perceber como lidam os jornalistas com esta realidade, também foram realizadas entrevistas a jornalistas de diferentes meios de comunicação social (imprensa, rádio e televisão), de modo a entender o lado dos profissionais nesta temática.
Em relação às conclusões retiradas do estudo de caso, tanto a análise noticiosa como as entrevistas revelam que a desinformação nos media portugueses, relativamente à guerra na Ucrânia, é que de facto existe, porém poucas vezes os media portugueses difundem informação falsa sobre o assunto, e quando o fazem, tendem a corrigir essa informação. A análise noticiosa mostrou que, embora existam esforços para combater a desinformação, há certos casos de informação falsa que chega ao público. Já os jornalistas de meios de comunicação portugueses evidenciaram as dificuldades que os profissionais enfrentam em relação ao fact-checking, especialmente devido à velocidade com que a desinformação chega ao público geral.
The master's dissertation presented aims to analyze, understand, and study media disinformation in Portugal, focusing on the case of the war in Ukraine, seeking to answer the question: is there disinformation in the Portuguese media regarding the case of the war in Ukraine? In this way, a theoretical framework was carried out to better understand this theme, what procedures are being taken to combat the problems that arise through disinformation and to verify how false information has become an advertisement for any topic presented to the public, since, with the emergence of the internet and social networks, this problem was widespread. The dissertation aims to address this war conflict between Ukraine and Russia, seeking to explore the relationship between both countries even before the war, as well as to understand its past, and understand the reasons that may have led to the conflict. Regarding the case study, a news analysis was carried out, which involves the newspaper Público and the news program of the television channel TVI, to understand if there is, in fact, disinformation in the media in Portugal. And, also to understand how journalists deal with this reality, interviews were also conducted with journalists from different media (press, radio, and television), to understand the side of professionals on this topic. Finally, regarding the conclusions drawn from the case study, both the news analysis and the interviews reveal that disinformation in the Portuguese media, regarding the war in Ukraine, persists as a growing problem. News analysis has shown that while there are efforts to combat disinformation, there are certain cases of false information reaching the public. In interviews with journalists from Portuguese media, they highlighted the difficulties that professionals face in relation to fact-checking, especially due to the speed with which disinformation reaches the public.
The master's dissertation presented aims to analyze, understand, and study media disinformation in Portugal, focusing on the case of the war in Ukraine, seeking to answer the question: is there disinformation in the Portuguese media regarding the case of the war in Ukraine? In this way, a theoretical framework was carried out to better understand this theme, what procedures are being taken to combat the problems that arise through disinformation and to verify how false information has become an advertisement for any topic presented to the public, since, with the emergence of the internet and social networks, this problem was widespread. The dissertation aims to address this war conflict between Ukraine and Russia, seeking to explore the relationship between both countries even before the war, as well as to understand its past, and understand the reasons that may have led to the conflict. Regarding the case study, a news analysis was carried out, which involves the newspaper Público and the news program of the television channel TVI, to understand if there is, in fact, disinformation in the media in Portugal. And, also to understand how journalists deal with this reality, interviews were also conducted with journalists from different media (press, radio, and television), to understand the side of professionals on this topic. Finally, regarding the conclusions drawn from the case study, both the news analysis and the interviews reveal that disinformation in the Portuguese media, regarding the war in Ukraine, persists as a growing problem. News analysis has shown that while there are efforts to combat disinformation, there are certain cases of false information reaching the public. In interviews with journalists from Portuguese media, they highlighted the difficulties that professionals face in relation to fact-checking, especially due to the speed with which disinformation reaches the public.
Description
Keywords
Desinformação Jornalismo Guerra Público TVI/CNN Disinformation Journalism War Público TVI/CNN
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CC License
Without CC licence