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- Are new rural ventures different from new urban ones? An exploratory analysis of businesses located in Portuguese incubators and science parksPublication . Pato, Lúcia; Teixeira, AuroraPurpose – Considering the differences between rural and urban spaces, the theoretical framework developed in this paper aims to uncover and rationalize the differences between rural and urban new ventures in terms of the environment surrounding the new venture, their general characteristics (e.g., sector, size), and export/economic performance. Design/methodology/approach – The theoretical framework is empirically assessed resorting to exploratory statistical analysis based on data collected from a questionnaire survey responded by 408 new ventures headquartered in Portuguese Business Incubators (BIs) and Science Parks (SPs). The data collected was treated with the Software Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings – The results evidence that rural and urban new ventures differ in terms of generic characteristics, namely sector, size, and collaborators’ human capital. Additionally, they differ concerning export and economic performance as well in relation to the perception of the municipality support. Research limitations/implications – Albeit the present study is mainly exploratory, it constitutes a stepping stone for future research into the differences between rural and urban new ventures regarding their export and economic performance determinants. Originality – The present study innovatively contributes to uncover the role of rural and urban context in entrepreneurship and adds to the scanty empirical literature in the area.
- Determinants of performance of new ventures located in Portuguese incubators and science parks with a focus on institutional factors. Do rural and urban new ventures differ?Publication . Pato, Lúcia; Teixeira, AuroraThe literature focusing on rural and urban entrepreneurship has so far overlooked the conditions in which different institutional contexts can affect firms’ performance. The present study addressed this gap by investigating the extent to which institutional factors impact distinctively the performance of rural and urban newly created ventures. Based on data gathered through direct questionnaire, we obtained 408 responses from newly created ventures located in Portuguese business incubators and science parks. Resorting to econometric binary (logit) models, we found that certain institutional factors, namely EU policy support, financial support from other sources than not banks, business advice for starting up/ ongoing activities, and collaboration to access new markets, are critical for new venture export performance, particularly those located in rural settings. To a larger extent than for urban, rural new venture economic related performance positive and significantly depend on central government policy support, close relatives’ role models, and technological support at the R&D collaboration level. Given the relevance of embeddedness-related factors in rural municipalities, public authorities should follow strategies that involve a growing connection between rural entrepreneurs and a variety of actors from industry, academia and the public and private sectors in order to foster newly created venture performance.