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Introdução: O sono é um processo fisiológico complexo presente na maioria dos seres vivos. As perturbações do sono têm vindo a aumentar exponencialmente. Os estudantes universitários, particularmente, os estudantes de medicina, são especialmente vulneráveis a esta problemática. Contudo, a literatura existente relativa ao tema é escassa, especialmente, em Portugal. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em avaliar a qualidade de sono nos estudantes do curso Medicina da Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal e analisar as diferenças e relações existentes de acordo com a idade, sexo, coabitação e ano de curso.
Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal em que os estudantes envolvidos preencheram o Índice da Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburg (PSQI), previamente validado para a população portuguesa. Os valores obtidos, para cada componente do PSQI, foram inicialmente analisados para a população global, e posteriormente relacionados com as variáveis sociodemográficas, visando a obtenção de relações estatisticamente significativas.
Resultados: Duzentos noventa seis estudantes responderam ao questionário. Destes, 62,2% consideraram o seu sono bom; 42,4% obtiveram 1 na componente latência do sono; 50% admitiu dormir entre 6 a 7 horas; 73,9% evidenciou uma eficiência de sono adequada; 85,5% relatou pouco ou nenhum distúrbio do sono; 83,8% referiu nunca ter usado medicação para dormir; e 60,8% mencionou pouca ou nenhuma disfunção diurna. Relativamente ao PSQI global, 73,1% dos estudantes obtiveram uma pontuação superior a 5, indicando uma má qualidade de sono. Das raparigas, 74,7% e dos rapazes, 67,7% revelaram uma pobre qualidade de sono. Dos estudantes, que vivem sozinhos, 91,3% também exibiram uma pobre qualidade de sono. Relativamente ao ano letivo do curso no qual o inquérito foi aplicado, 82,4% dos estudantes do 1º ano reportaram uma pobre qualidade de sono, assim como 77,5% do 2º ano, 72,1% do 3º, 77,8% do 4º, 65,8% do 5º e 71,4% do 6º ano do curso.
Conclusão: Globalmente, os estudantes que participaram neste estudo apresentaram má qualidade de sono, com uma classificação no PSQI superior 5. Contudo, as classificações em cada um dos componentes não são tão negativas. A maioria dos participantes classificam o seu sono como bom ou muito bom, quase metade dos participantes referiram
dormir mais de 7 horas e a maioria apresentou uma eficiência de sono superior a 85%. De igual forma, 83,8% nunca usaram medicação para dormir. Não sendo um resultado robusto, torna-se imperioso a realização de mais estudos que o comprovem inequivocamente. Mais, tais estudos também serão imprescindíveis para identificar situações em que a
intervenção terapêutica melhorará tais parâmetros.
Introduction: Sleep is a complex physiological process shared by most living beings. Sleep disorders have been increasing exponentially. University students, particularly medical students, are especially vulnerable to this problem. However, the existing literature on the subject is scarce, especially in Portugal. The aim of this study is to assess the quality of sleep among medical students attending the University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal and to analyse the differences and existing relationships according to age, gender, cohabitation status and academic year. Method: This is a cross-sectional study in which the students completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) that was previously validated for the Portuguese population. The values obtained for each component of the PSQI were initially analysed for the total sample, and then coupled with sociodemographic variables, in order to obtain statistically significant relationships. Results: Two hundred and ninety-six students completed the questionnaire. A percentage of 62.2% of them stated that their sleep was good; 42.4% scored 2 in the component 2; 50% admitted that they usually sleep between 6 and 7 hours; 73.9% of the participants showed adequate sleep efficiency; 85.5% reported little or no sleep disturbance; 83.8% reported never having used sleep medications; and 60.8% mentioned little or no daytime disturbance. As for global PSQI score, 72.6% of the students’ scores were greater than 5, which indicates poor sleep quality. 74.7% of the female participants and 67.7% of the male respondents showed poor sleep quality. 91.3% of the students who were living alone at the time also revealed poor sleep quality. Of the 1st year students, 82.4% reported poor sleep quality, as did 77.5% of the 2nd year students, 72.1% of the 3rd year students, 77.8% of the 4th year students, 65.8% of the 5th year students, and 71.4% of those attending the 6th year. Conclusion: Generally speaking, the students who took part in this study showed a poor sleep quality, with a PSQI score superior to 5. However, the ratings in each of the components are not so negative. Most of the participants rated their sleep as good or very good, almost half of the participants reported sleeping more than 7 hours and the majority had a sleep efficiency of more than 85%. Similarly, 83.8% had never used sleep medication. Since this is not a robust result, it is imperative to carry out more studies that unequivocally prove it. Moreover, such studies will also be essential to identify situations in which therapeutic intervention will improve such parameters
Introduction: Sleep is a complex physiological process shared by most living beings. Sleep disorders have been increasing exponentially. University students, particularly medical students, are especially vulnerable to this problem. However, the existing literature on the subject is scarce, especially in Portugal. The aim of this study is to assess the quality of sleep among medical students attending the University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal and to analyse the differences and existing relationships according to age, gender, cohabitation status and academic year. Method: This is a cross-sectional study in which the students completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) that was previously validated for the Portuguese population. The values obtained for each component of the PSQI were initially analysed for the total sample, and then coupled with sociodemographic variables, in order to obtain statistically significant relationships. Results: Two hundred and ninety-six students completed the questionnaire. A percentage of 62.2% of them stated that their sleep was good; 42.4% scored 2 in the component 2; 50% admitted that they usually sleep between 6 and 7 hours; 73.9% of the participants showed adequate sleep efficiency; 85.5% reported little or no sleep disturbance; 83.8% reported never having used sleep medications; and 60.8% mentioned little or no daytime disturbance. As for global PSQI score, 72.6% of the students’ scores were greater than 5, which indicates poor sleep quality. 74.7% of the female participants and 67.7% of the male respondents showed poor sleep quality. 91.3% of the students who were living alone at the time also revealed poor sleep quality. Of the 1st year students, 82.4% reported poor sleep quality, as did 77.5% of the 2nd year students, 72.1% of the 3rd year students, 77.8% of the 4th year students, 65.8% of the 5th year students, and 71.4% of those attending the 6th year. Conclusion: Generally speaking, the students who took part in this study showed a poor sleep quality, with a PSQI score superior to 5. However, the ratings in each of the components are not so negative. Most of the participants rated their sleep as good or very good, almost half of the participants reported sleeping more than 7 hours and the majority had a sleep efficiency of more than 85%. Similarly, 83.8% had never used sleep medication. Since this is not a robust result, it is imperative to carry out more studies that unequivocally prove it. Moreover, such studies will also be essential to identify situations in which therapeutic intervention will improve such parameters
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Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono Estudantes de Medicina Inquéritos e Questionários Perturbações do Sono Qualidade de Sono Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Sleep Quality Sleep Wake Disorders Students Medical Surveys and Questionnaires