ESEV - DPCE - Resumos de eventos científicos em revista indexada ao WoS/Scopus
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing ESEV - DPCE - Resumos de eventos científicos em revista indexada ao WoS/Scopus by Issue Date
Now showing 1 - 10 of 15
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Successful ageing in centenarians: the relevance of social engagement for psychological wellbeingPublication . Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; da Costa Teixeira, Laetitia; Duarte, Natália; Brandão, Daniela; Azevedo, Maria João; Paul, ConstançaRowe and Kahn’s (1997) version of successful aging defines avoid- ance of disease and disability, maintenance of high physical and cogni- tive function, and sustained engagement in social and productive activ- ities as essential components of aging successfully. The applicability of this model in very advanced age has been questioned and the relative importance of these aspects to well-being is not properly established. In order to analyze the effect of Rowe and Kahn’ criteria on both subjective (hedonic) and psychological (eudaimonic) well-being, 140 individu- als with 100 and more years old from the Oporto Centenarian Study (PT100) were interviewed. The mean age of the sample was 101.18 (SD 1.59); 89.3% women, 76.4% widowed and 57.9% living in the com- munity. The Positive Valuation of Life Scale (Lawton et al., 2001), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985) and a questionnaire of health and social information were used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted. Mean scores of well-being were 27.81 (SD=5.21) for VOL and 6.51 (SD=1.97) for SWLS. Of the successful aging criteria only social engagement, i.e. participation in social activities, had a significant association with psychological well-being (p<0.01). These results stress out the influence of activity and social engagement participation in the adaptation to the challenges of very old age. The characteristics, sort and distribution of activities practiced at this age should be further investigated in order to promote and/or adjust available social engagement opportunities.
- Positive Psychology and Aging through Heudonic and Eudaimonic PerspectivesPublication . Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Paul, ConstançaRowe and Kahn’s (1997) version of successful aging defines avoid- ance of disease and disability, maintenance of high physical and cogni- tive function, and sustained engagement in social and productive activ- ities as essential components of aging successfully. The applicability of this model in very advanced age has been questioned and the relative importance of these aspects to well-being is not properly established. In order to analyze the effect of Rowe and Kahn’ criteria on both subjective (hedonic) and psychological (eudaimonic) well-being, 140 individu- als with 100 and more years old from the Oporto Centenarian Study (PT100) were interviewed. The mean age of the sample was 101.18 (SD 1.59); 89.3% women, 76.4% widowed and 57.9% living in the com- munity. The Positive Valuation of Life Scale (Lawton et al., 2001), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985) and a questionnaire of health and social information were used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted. Mean scores of well-being were 27.81 (SD=5.21) for VOL and 6.51 (SD=1.97) for SWLS. Of the successful aging criteria only social engagement, i.e. participation in social activities, had a significant association with psychological well-being (p<0.01). These results stress out the influence of activity and social engagement participation in the adaptation to the challenges of very old age. The characteristics, sort and distribution of activities practiced at this age should be further investigated in order to promote and/or adjust available social engagement opportunities.
- Cognition and functionality: how do they related to time lived after 100 years of age?Publication . Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Duarte, Natália; Brandão, Daniela; Azevedo, Maria João; Ribeiro, OscarIntroduction: The number of centenarians has greatly increased in Portugal in the last decades. Therefore, the analysis of survival time after becoming a centenarian and related factors constitute an import- ant issue for the quality of care provision. The objective of this study is to identify health related factors associated with the time lived after being 100 years of age. Methods: Data come from the population-based study PT100 (Oporto Centenarian Study) and considers information gathered through face-to-face interviews with centenarians and their proxies during 2013. Study eligibility criteria included being 100 and more years old and living in the Oporto Metropolitan Area. Survival analyses were performed in order to identify factors associated with survival after the 100. Functional status (e.g., walking, being bedrid- den) and specific health conditions (e.g. presence/absence of cognitive impairment) were considered as potential factors. Results: The sam- ple comprises 140 centenarians with approximately 14.5 months as median survival time after their 100th anniversary. Centenarians who were bedridden presented a higher probability to live after 100 years when compared with functionally independent centenarians. Presence of cognitive impairment was not associated with the time lived after 100 years old. Conclusions: Given the increasing number of centenarians in Portugal, different studies based on this population need to be consid- ered. The present study, focused on the life after 100 years old, provides new information about this topic contributing to the formulation of new scientific questions for this population.
- Centenarians´ quality of life and the role of health and living contextPublication . Brandão, Daniela; Duarte, Natália; Araújo, Lia; Alves, Sara; Teixeira, Laetitia; Ribeiro, OscarIntroduction: The interest of the scientic community to study the centenarian population has been growing due to the signicant expansion of life expectancy and human longevity. Evidences about their quality of life (QoL) are, nevertheless, still limited. Different conceptualizations of QoL, the overvaluation of the negative aspects of advanced age and the heterogeneity of the oldest old are some issues that could explain the difculties in this assessment. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the perceived QoL in a sample of centenarians and analyze if there are significant life context (community vs institutional) and health (objective and subjective perception) differences. Methods: A subsample of 59 Portuguese centenarians who participated in the PT100_Oporto Centenarian Study, conducted in 2013 was considered. Descriptive and chi-square analysis were conducted. Results: Most centenarians perceived their QoL in a very positive manner (50.8% rated it as “good”, 6.8% as “very good” and 3.4% as “excellent”); 28.8% perceived it as “acceptable” and 10.2% as “bad”. No significant statistical differences were found for the considered variables. Conclusions: Centenarians seem to present high levels of perceived QoL, which can be associated with a great ability to adapt to adverse situations that occur through their lives. Neither contextual and health aspects seem to inuence the perception of QoL in this particular sample study. Nonetheless, more research is needed to understand the specicities of the QoL in the centenarian population, namely the role of psychological and social variables.
- Multi-indicators of Successful Aging in CentenariansPublication . Araújo, Lia; Teixeira, Laetitia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Brandão, Daniela; Duarte, Natália; Paul, ConstançaIntroduction: The multidimensional model of successful aging (Young, Frick & Phelan., 2009) has been serving as a reference in empirical studies of successful aging over the last years (e.g., Pruchno et al., 2010) and a benchmark to assess the health and functioning of very old individuals (Philips Lifeline, 2014). By comprising bio, psycho and social domains, it constitutes a promising approach to the study of the centenarian population who tend to present several age-related losses. Objectives: The study aims to validate a multidimensional model of successful aging in a sample of Portuguese centenarians. Methods: 80 centenarians from the PT100 project (Oporto and Beira Interior Centenarians Studies) were face-to-face interviewed. Indicators of disease and physical impairment (physiological domain), emotional vitality and inner contentment (psychological), and engaging with life and spirituality (sociological) were collected. Results: Structural equation modeling analysis to the hypothesized model suggests removing the social activities indicator (factor loading of 0.07). The alternative model ts well to the observed data, with x2(24) = 29.058, p = 0.218, CFI = 0.949, GFI = 0.925, RMSEA = 0.052, p = 0.048. Conclusions: The consideration of multi indicators of successful aging enables considering compensatory mechanisms and synergies between physical, psycho and social domains. A greater focus on psychosocial domains values the individual capacities’ of adaptation, resilience, and coping, which have been tremendously advocated in the gerontological literature (Baltes & Baltes, 1990; Jeste, Depp, & Vahia, 2010).
- Life satisfaction and positive aspects of caregiving among centenarians proxies: the more dependent the better?Publication . Araújo, Lia; Brandão, Daniela; Duarte, Natália; Teixeira, Laetitia; Alves, Sara; Paul, Constança; Ribeiro, OscarTaking care of a centenarian is becoming a more common situation due to the longevity phenomenon. Nevertheless, there is lack of information on the specific dynamics related to the demands and potentialities of this specific caregiving experience. This study aims to analyze caregivers well-being and positive aspects related to the caregiving experience. Data came from the PT100 Centenarian Study and consid- ers information gathered through face-to-face interviews with centenarians and their proxies. The sample comprises 53 dyads (centenarians: Mage 100.9, SD 1.2, 84.9% female; informal caregivers: Mage 66.0, SD 8.8, 92.5% female). Instruments included the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and selected items from the Positive Aspects of Caregiving (PAC). Results demon- strated that 71.7% (n=38) of the caregivers were satisfied with their life. Life satisfaction was higher when the cen- tenarian presented higher cognitive constrains (GDS=5-7; p ≤0.05). Additionally, 63.6% (n=7) of the dissatisfied car- egivers were taking care of a centenarian without cogni- tive deficits (GDS=1-2). Caregivers life satisfaction was also associated with positive aspects of the caregiving experience: of those satisfied with their life, 81.8% (n=27) reported to appreciate life more due the caregiving experience (p ≤ 0.05). Higher dependence of the centenarian may be related with a higher sense of providing care and this should be further explored. Positive aspects of caregiving are of particular rel- evance and should be addressed within oldest-old family care interventions.
- Being successful aged at one hundred years old: alternative and subjective criteriaPublication . Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, Laetitia; Paul, ConstançaAge, i.e. being younger, has been the most consistent predictor of successful aging, indicating a dramatic drop of the rate of success with advancing age. However, emergent studies based on expanded psychological concepts have been revealing the admirable capacity of oldest old individuals to overcome adversities and adapting to the challenges of very advanced age. This study aims to explore alternative criteria to Rowe and Kahn successful aging model in centenarians. A sample of 70 individuals (Mage100.91, SD 1.37, 87.1%female) with cognitive capacity for answering self-report questions were selected from the population-based Oporto Centenarian Study (PT100). Perceived economic status, sub- jective health and happiness were considered as components to assess successful aging. Main findings revealed that 62.9% of the sample was able to meet economic needs, 44.3% was happy and 32.3% reported a positive self-perception of health. 12.9% of the participants satisfied all three criteria and 16.1% didnt fulfilled any. A previous study using the same alternative criteria found that 47.5% of centenarians were successful aged, whereas none of them satisfied all three objective components from Rowe and Kahn’s success- ful aging model (Cho et al., 2012). Thus, the higher propor- tion of centenarians with positive self-ratings demonstrate that they may feel successful despite not being objectively considered as so. The alternative criteria of perceived eco- nomic status, subjective health and happiness considered in this study seem to be suitable to approach successful aging in very advanced age.
- What about the Portuguese oldest old? A global overview using census dataPublication . Brandão, Daniela; Ribeiro, Oscar; Araújo, Lia; Paul, ConstançaBackground The older population is itself aging, and achieving an advanced age is becoming more common worldwide. In Portugal, individuals aged 80+ represent 5.6 % of the total population and 26.5 % of the popu- lation were aged 65 and over in 2011. Having a national profile on this population will give important information to develop interven- tion programs and identify the areas requiring most attention. Ob- jective: This study aims to provide a profile of the Portuguese oldest old, as given by the last national census data. Methods The characteristics of all residents aged 80+ (N = 532,219) were ana- lysed considering socio-demographic information (gender, marital status, education, type of residence, place of birth, income) and the existence of difficulties in functional, sensorial and cognitive activities due to health problems or ageing. Results The majority of the most aged are females (64.5 %), widowed (53.9 %), and present low educational levels (46.1 % never attended school and 31.6 % do not know how to read/write). Own pensions constitute the main source of income (96.3 %) and the majority live in private households (88.8 %), with 43.2 % currently living in the place where they were born. The majority (73.0 %) reported major difficulties in at least one functional activity – bathing/dressing, walk- ing/climbing stairs, seeing, hearing, memory/concentration, under- standing others/being understood. Conclusions The high percentage of oldest old living in private households and the presence of functional limitations point to the importance of in- formal care and community care services to support this population. Further studies paying attention to their needs and utilisation of ser- vices are required.
- Potentialities of Memory Cafés supporting people with dementia and their caregiversPublication . Araújo, Lia; Amante, Maria João; Alvarez, Catarina; Sousa, IsabelAlzheimer/Memory Cafés recently emerged in several European countries and in North America as an initiative that involves people with dementia, their family/friend car- ers, and all others interested in dementia, focused in sociali- zation with an educational component. The sessions occur monthly and include a presentation on a different topic alternately with a stimulation/recreation activity, as well as refreshments, in a very informal and café-like atmosphere. The present study gathers evidence from eleven Cafés groups developed across Portugal in order to present the impact of this type of intervention in supporting people with dementia and their family members/carers. During the last three years of program implementation, 177 persons with dementia and 737 family members/carers, as well as 142 persons with memory problems and 272 persons interested on this topic have participated on the 226 Cafés sessions that were developed. Qualitative data was collected with a subgroup of family members (N= 50) regarding their opin- ion on the main benefits of attending sessions to themselves and their relatives with dementia. Main key themes from the analysis, such as dementia-friendly environments, where family can be together with their relatives, other caregivers and persons with dementia socializing in the community, and the potential of Cafés for reducing the stigma, obtain- ing information and discussing the disease openly with other persons (e.g., family, carers, professionals, volunteers) are presented and discussed as important potentialities of this type of support available to people with dementia and their carers.
- Centenarians in EuropePublication . da Costa Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Jopp, Daniela; Paul, ConstançaIn the last decade, the number of centenarians world- wide has increased. Following this tendency, the number of centenarian studies has also exponentially augmented. Given the complexity to conduct research with centenarians, elementary information on this specific age group remains unknown at a European level. This paper compares basic characteristics of centenarians from 32 European coun- tries based on Census 2011. Results revealed that France is the country with higher ratio of centenarians, followed by Italy and Greece; on the other hand Croatia, Romania and Bulgaria present the lower ratio. The distribution accord- ing to gender is similar for all countries, with higher ratio of women reaching 100 years old. Different patterns of education level were found on countries where this infor- mation was reliable: Portugal and Greece are the countries with lower levels of education, with more than half without formal education; Finland, UK and Iceland are the countries with higher levels of education, with all centenarians having at least lower secondary education. Analysing the residence situation (living in the community or living in the institu- tion), Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Greece and Latvia are the countries that present higher percentages of centenarians living in the community; Iceland is the country with lower percentage of centenarians living in the community. A posi- tive correlation between the number of centenarians and the percentage of Total Health Expenditure of GDP is observed. This study provides important information about the current profile of European centenarians, which is compared to gen- eral information on the centenarian population from EUA and Asia.