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- Adaptação Portuguesa da Escala de Qualidade de Vida para Pessoas com EsquizofreniaPublication . Pinho, Lara Guedes de; Pereira, Anabela; Chaves, CláudiaA esquizofrenia é uma doença mental grave e crónica que acomete a qualidade de vida de quem dela padece. A Quality of Life Scale (QLS), de Heinrichs, Hanlon e Carpenter, 1984, é uma das escalas específicas mais utilizadas a nível internacional para a avaliar. Por não existir em Portugal nenhum instrumento ajustado para a esquizofrenia, este estudo tem como objetivo proceder à adaptação e validação para a população portuguesa desta escala, na sua versão reduzida, com 7 itens. A amostra foi constituída por 282 participantes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia de diferentes instituições do país. A análise das qualidades psicométricas (análise fatorial exploratória e consistência interna) do instrumento avaliado mostrou índices adequados de fidedignidade e validade, consistentes com os dados internacionais existentes. Estes resultados justificam a utilização do mesmo no contexto português.
- Active parents, active children: The importance of parental organized physical activity in children’s extracurricular sport participationPublication . Rodrigues, Daniela; Padez, Cristina; Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M.This study investigated whether parental participation in organized and unorganized physical activity (PA) was associated with children’s participation in extracurricular sport. The sample comprised 834 parents and their children (aged 6–10 years), living in central Portugal. Questionnaires assessed parental PA (organized and unorganized) and extracurricular sport participation in children (number of sports and frequency of participation). Multinomial logistic regression was applied to assess associations between parental and child physical behaviors. Having both parents active was significantly associated with frequent participation in more sports both in girls and boys but a strong relation according to gender was found. The odds of boys practicing more than one sport and more times per week were higher if they had an active father. Girls with physically active mothers, particularly with mothers practicing organized PA in a regular way, were engaged in more sports and practiced sport more times per week. The type of PA practiced by the parents was not related to boys’ participation in sport. Future interventions should be family-based and focus on the promotion of higher levels of parental PA, including organized, in order to improve their children’s active behaviors.
- Educating for value promotion through literature for children: A primary school action research projectPublication . Rodrigues, Maria Aldina; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Lopes, Fernando Alexandre; Ana, LopesThis study was placed within the context of teaching, and was mainly concerned with the improvement of the relationship between children and their peers, so as to raise their awareness to the importance of an ethical behavior. The main objective of this research study was to understand in what way stories, told in a classroom environment, partook in the development of concepts of friendship, respect and difference among pupils of the 3 rd grade. For this purpose, we carried out an action research work, involving a methodological approach that seeks to change a particular situation in order to improve it, as well as to produce knowledge about the changes therefrom arising, with the participation of the envolved actors themselves. The research encompassed a dynamic process of planning, action, observation and evaluation. The sample was comprised by twelve pupils, seven boys and five girls, aged between eight and nine, attending a 3 rd grade class at a public primary school located in an urban environment, belonging to a school grouping, located in the urban fringe of Viseu, centre region of Portugal. This group was chosen by the researcher due to her previous knowledge of the students in this particular class who, in a general sense, were shown to experiment difficulties in relating with classmates and some unawareness of the real meaning of some values, such as friendship, respect and difference. With a view to the accomplishment of the action research study, several data gathering instruments were applied, such as a first interview, at the start of the study; participant observation; documental analysis resulting from the activities and the different challenges proposed, concerning a corpus chosen according to the objectives which were defined at the start of the study and, finally, a second interview was applied at the end of the study, which would allow for comparing the results obtained before and after the implementation of the study. A comparison of the results of the two interviews showed a noteworthy increase on the part of students with regard to the recognition of values, alongside with the development of some concepts, namely at the level of friendship, respect and difference. In addition to the certainty highlighted by the given answers, a greater capacity to justify their opinions and infer situations was also verified, in other words, a more complex use of language was also observed. It should also be pointed out that, although less manifest, there was a slight improvement in terms of the relationship among peers, namely in situations when a less appropriate kind of behavior occurred, where the ability to reflect on such behavior was clearly revealed, taking into account the knowledge acquired in the meantime. The present research enabled one therefore to conclude that Literature for Children is greatly important for the promotion and development of values, for the improvement of the relationships of the Self with the Other, as well as for an enrichment of vocabulary related to Education for Citizenship. More and more, in today’s society, it is required that teachers be innovative and rely upon diversified strategies in the education for citizenship, one being capable to verify that Literature for Children is a solid cornerstone in this trajectory and of real support to reach positive results.
- Articulação curricular entre a educação pré-escolar e o 1.º ciclo do ensino básico: conceções e práticas.Publication . Cardoso, Ana Paula; Carugati, Florencia; Lacerda, Carla; Fidalgo, SusanaIntroduction: Curricular articulation between early childhood education and primary school is a fundamental process concerning the child’s adaptation to school. Primary teachers should establish links with pre-school educators, facilitating the transition between these two levels of education in a harmonious process, and promoting the continuity of the educational process. Objectives: To ascertain the importance and the meaning that teachers of primary school confer to curricular articulation and to know the aspects of the profile of the pupils that are favoured when consulting the individual process, as well as the most frequent initiatives regarding that articulation. Methods: A descriptive and analytical research was conducted, using a questionnaire survey applied to a sample of 45 teachers of the 1st year of primary school in the municipality of Viseu (Portugal). Results: From the data obtained, it is worth mentioning the great importance that teachers attribute to curricular articulation, the privilege conferred by them on how to behave in society (citizenship), the sense of autonomy and the children’s ability to communicate, as well as the teachers’ commitment to carry out a variety of activities and projects, in addition to the celebrations of thematic days and parties. Conclusion: Curricular articulation facilitates the transition between these two levels of education and contributes to an adequate adaptation of the children to the school, thereby promoting school success for all pupils.
- A intervenção do técnico superior de educação social num CAT com crianças e jovens em risco e/ou perigoPublication . Vanessa Cláudia Saavedra Nunes; Ribeiro, Esperança Jales; Fernandes, RosinaO presente trabalho enquadra-se no Mestrado em Intervenção Psicossocial com Crianças e Jovens em Risco, e tem como tema “A intervenção do Técnico Superior de Educação Social num CAT com crianças e jovens em risco e/ou perigo.” Neste sentido, desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso que permitiu analisar o papel deste técnico, nomeadamente o seu perfil de funções e competências, explorando ainda as tarefas que pode desempenhar neste contexto do acolhimento residencial no âmbito dos projetos de vida de crianças institucionalizadas e suas famílias. Procuramos também perceber as facilidades e os constrangimentos que podem existir na implementação da intervenção neste contexto, explorando as especificidades do trabalho em equipa multidisciplinar neste âmbito. Para cumprir o objetivo a que nos propusemos, considerámos mais adequado desenvolver a pesquisa no quadro da metodologia qualitativa. A recolha de dados incidiu na realização de entrevistas às profissionais que trabalham num Centro de Acolhimento Temporário da região centro do país, na análise de documental e na observação direta. Os resultados reforçam a importância da intervenção do TSES no CAT, salientando-se a relevância do seu papel quer junto das crianças - nomeadamente em atividades de rotina diária e outras de cariz socioeducativo - quer junto das suas famílias. Espera-se que este trabalho traga novos contributos à construção da identidade deste profissional.
- Quality of Life Scale and symptomatology of schizophrenic patients: A systematic reviewPublication . Pinho, Lara Guedes de; Pereira, A.M.S.; Chaves, Cláudia Balula; Batista, P.Abstract Background The Quality of Life Scale (QLS) was developed to assess the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia, by Heinrichs, Hanlon and Carpenter, in 1984. Objectives This systematic review analysed the scientific evidence produced from the QLS results and its relationship with the symptomatology of patients with schizophrenia. Methods An electronic search was conducted on Pubmed/Medline and Scopus to identify relevant papers published within the last ten years (January 2007 to December 2016). The inclusion criteria were: studies whose samples included only outpatients with schizophrenia; studies whose aim was to compare the QLS results with the symptomatology of schizophrenia; studies written in English. The PRISMA criteria for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses were used. Results Twelve studies were included in this systematic review. A total of 1645 patients with schizophrenia from four different countries were analysed. Ten articles used a cross-sectional study methodology and 2 articles involved a longitudinal study. Conclusions Synthesis suggests that quality of life/functioning in patients with schizophrenia can be influenced by negative symptoms. Nevertheless, in relation to positive and depressive symptoms, the results are not congruent nor consistent. Therefore, this literature review indicated that more research is needed in order to obtain better evidence with regards to the influence of that symptomatology on the quality of life/functioning in patients with schizophrenia.
- O comportamento no autocuidado da pessoa com patologia cardíacaPublication . Barreiros, Ana Margarida Cardoso; Martins, Rosa Maria LopesEnquadramento: Capacitar as pessoas para a gestão da sua saúde e dos sintomas, na presença de doença crónica e para atingir o nível máximo de independência funcional promovendo o autocuidado é um dos desígnios dos profissionais de enfermagem de reabilitação. Nesta perspetiva o desenvolvimento deste estudo parte do pressuposto básico de que a variável autocuidado é influenciada pelas capacidades e limitações em termos de atividades de vida diárias, estratégias de conservação de energia, posições de descanso em fase de descompensação e sinais de alerta. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, clinicas ou psicológicas e o comportamento do autocuidado dos doentes com problemas cardíacos. Metodologia: foi delineado um estudo de natureza quantitativa, não experimental, transversal e descritivo e correlacional. A amostra foi constituída por 74 indivíduos com patologia cardíaca, que frequentam a consulta externa de Cardiologia do Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu. O instrumento utilizado para a recolha de dados integra um questionário sociodemográfico e clínico, escala de apoio social (Matos e Ferreira), questionário de estado de saúde (SF-36V2) e a escala europeia do comportamento do autocuidado na insuficiência cardíaca. Resultados: prevalece o sexo masculino (com cerca de 71 anos de idade, casados ou a viver em união de fato e a patologia cardíaca que predomina é a insuficiência cardíaca, seguida do EAM com IC e por último a Angina com IC. Existe relação significativa entre as variáveis sociodemográficas com o comportamento do autocuidado. Quando aumenta o apoio social diminui o comportamento adequado dos utentes face ao seu autocuidado e quando o comportamento no autocuidado diminui aumento a saúde mental e física contudo é mais significativa na saúde física. Conclusão: o comportamento no autocuidado em doentes com patologia cardíaca sofre influência de variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e psicológicas. Palavras – Chave: Autocuidado, comportamento, patologias cardíacas, Reabilitação Cardíaca.
- Development of creative applications with assets of a video gamePublication . Rito, P. N.Students enrolled in the course of Arts and Multimedia usually have difficulties and show some resistance in learning to write lines of code. This document presents a contribution to the learning of these lines of code through an orientation based on the development of creative applications with nuances of a videogame Computers are part of a student's life, most of whom have experience using computers to play games, use search engines, participate in social networks, use applications such as word processors, or to establish synchronous communications with others people. It is also found that young people read and write to new media installed on web sites (Peppler, 2010). Videogames are one of the topics that have received more attention from educators, since they are particularly active elements to call and captivate students for long periods of time. There are several references on the use of commercial video games or simulators in the classroom since the introduction of ICT in the educational context, but the interest of this document is to reflect on the development of applications with nuances of video games in the classroom. These applications are built through a library of the Java programming language named Processing. The use of Processing makes it easier for its users to learn and use these lines of code, for example the result of the use of structures or cycles can be visualized immediately through their application in objects previously "drawn" or with external objects such as photo files or videos. The programming concepts that are taught are introductory, but they allow students to gain the necessary knowledge about procedural programming. It is possible to verify and conclude that: during the semester they are able to develop interesting applications and with the worries related to the design of video games; not all students are committed to continuing or deepening knowledge in this area, but there have been cases of those seeking masters or other informal courses that allow them to deepen knowledge for the development of this kind of creative applications; and is recognized by the direction of the course and external entities that evaluated the current scenario that there is a need for this type of knowledge to be disseminated for the remaining school years, with emphasis from the first year. It is important to understand that efforts to include creative code in the academic curriculum of courses in this area are not intended to turn students into programmers or to replace "traditional" arts-related contexts. It is important to learn the language of creative code to communicate in the digital world, since it is increasingly important for young people and society in general. Code construction by these students has to be seen as a design process, an act of free speech and a digital production method, The purpose of this work is to obtain information about the use and utility of a library in processing for the development of an application with nuances of a game. How do students recognize the value of using this library? What difficulties did they encounter? What added value they have identified for their future work.This information will be collected through a questionnaire and then with semi-structured interviews.
- Gameyou: designing activities using scratch and a microcontrollerPublication . Rito, P. N.The inclusion of pupils with special educational needs (SEN) in classrooms is a reality for many teachers. These professionals have a favorable attitude towards the inclusion of pupils with SEN in the regular teaching classrooms. An inclusive education system should be "structured and developed taking into account the diversity of characteristics of young children, different needs or problems" and for these reasons to differentiate measures. Special education is aimed at educational and social inclusion, educational access and success, autonomy, emotional stability, as well as the promotion of equal opportunities, preparation for continuing education or adequate preparation for the professional life and for a transition from school to employment of children and young people with permanent special educational needs". A particular case of SEN is that of people with autism, and they characterize autism as "a rare and serious psychiatric illness in childhood and characterized by imbalanced intellectual development that affects the ability to socialize." It is also reported in the literature that these people, with autism, have great difficulties in communicating verbal and nonverbal, while having a great difficulty in interpreting language. The use of technologies with children with SEN can be an important resource for the possibility of allowing the manipulation of the environment and a better cognitive development. Technology-based learning, in particular through the use of visual and multimedia environments, is a facilitating tool for people with autism spectrum disorders to learn best when information is presented visually. This view is also shared by several authors when indicating that to facilitate "inclusion and children / young people with SEN in today's society, Information and Communication Technologies play a fundamental role, as they facilitate a differentiated, active and collaborative intervention of all stakeholders in the life of each of these people". The use of Information and Communication Technologies also allows a response "individualized and personalized to the specific learning needs of each student". This document reports on an activity project that can be used by Educators of students with autism. Two tools are used, makey-makey hardware and Scratch software. The use of open-hardware microcontrollers, with no need for programming and free software, allows this project to be shared and reconverted to other topics. This work arose from a challenge of proposing an activity to be used by children with special educational needs using ICT. In a first step the bibliography related to the use of ICT in the classroom with these children and the legislation that served to obtain the first orientations was consulted. Then a specialist was consulted and then the prototype of the project was built, succinct enough that it could be replicated and perceived by these Educators.
- O que influencia o desejo de ter um filho nos jovens adultosPublication . Silva, Elsa Isabel Oliveira da; Nelas, Paula Alexandra Andrade Batista; Duarte, João CarvalhoEnquadramento: O Índice Sintético de Fecundidade (ISF) português é dos mais baixos da Europa. No entanto, o desejo de cada individuo jovem ter um filho, sem qualquer restrição é superior ao valor de referência para a substituição de gerações. Objectivos: Compreender a relação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, as variáveis de contexto sexual e reprodutivo e as variáveis psicológicas com o desejo de ter um filho. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional. A amostra é não probabilistica por conveniência com uma média de idade de 20,79 anos (dp=2,785). O protocolo de investigação foi um questionário que caracteriza o perfil sociodemográfico, sexual e reprodutivo da amostra. Foi incluído o “QVPM” (Matos& Costa, 2001), “QVA” (Matos& Costa, 2001), “Questionário de desejo de ter um filho” (Leal, 1999) e escala de Auto estima de (Rosenberg, 1965, adaptado 1999). Resultados: É no sexo feminino e no grupo etário ≤ 19 anos que o desejo de ter um filho é maior. O desejo de ter um filho diminui com a idade. Ter namorado(a), pertencer a uma família alargada, não ter irmãos e ser proveniente de uma zona rural estão relacionados com maior desejo de ter um filho, no entanto sem diferenças estatísticas significativas. Os estudantes do primeiro ano apresentam maior desejo de ter um filho no futuro e este diminui conforme a progressão no ensino (ano de curso) e aproximação do mercado de trabalho. Os que apresentam maior desejo de ser pais com base em sentimentos relativos à parentalidade frequentam menos a consulta de planeamento familiar. Observaram-se diferenças estatísticas significativas entre o número de filhos desejado no futuro e o desejo de ter um filho. O nível de conhecimento sobre fertilidade não influencia o desejo de ter um filho. Quanto maior a ansiedade de separação da mãe (vinculação à mãe), a dependência da vinculação amorosa, a ansiedade de separação do pai (vinculação ao pai) e a auto estima, maior é o desejo de ter um filho. Conclusões: O desejo de ter um filho é um construto ao longo da vida, pelo que os enfermeiros acompanhando o ciclo vital do individuo contribuem para a promoção e capacitação da parentalidade nomeadamente através da: avaliação e promoção do vinculo parental e promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Palavras chave: Jovem adulto, parentalidade, vinculação amorosa, auto estima.