ESEV - DPCE - Resumos de eventos científicos em revista indexada ao WoS/Scopus
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- Being successful aged at one hundred years old: alternative and subjective criteriaPublication . Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, Laetitia; Paul, ConstançaAge, i.e. being younger, has been the most consistent predictor of successful aging, indicating a dramatic drop of the rate of success with advancing age. However, emergent studies based on expanded psychological concepts have been revealing the admirable capacity of oldest old individuals to overcome adversities and adapting to the challenges of very advanced age. This study aims to explore alternative criteria to Rowe and Kahn successful aging model in centenarians. A sample of 70 individuals (Mage100.91, SD 1.37, 87.1%female) with cognitive capacity for answering self-report questions were selected from the population-based Oporto Centenarian Study (PT100). Perceived economic status, sub- jective health and happiness were considered as components to assess successful aging. Main findings revealed that 62.9% of the sample was able to meet economic needs, 44.3% was happy and 32.3% reported a positive self-perception of health. 12.9% of the participants satisfied all three criteria and 16.1% didnt fulfilled any. A previous study using the same alternative criteria found that 47.5% of centenarians were successful aged, whereas none of them satisfied all three objective components from Rowe and Kahn’s success- ful aging model (Cho et al., 2012). Thus, the higher propor- tion of centenarians with positive self-ratings demonstrate that they may feel successful despite not being objectively considered as so. The alternative criteria of perceived eco- nomic status, subjective health and happiness considered in this study seem to be suitable to approach successful aging in very advanced age.
- Centenarians in EuropePublication . da Costa Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Jopp, Daniela; Paul, ConstançaIn the last decade, the number of centenarians world- wide has increased. Following this tendency, the number of centenarian studies has also exponentially augmented. Given the complexity to conduct research with centenarians, elementary information on this specific age group remains unknown at a European level. This paper compares basic characteristics of centenarians from 32 European coun- tries based on Census 2011. Results revealed that France is the country with higher ratio of centenarians, followed by Italy and Greece; on the other hand Croatia, Romania and Bulgaria present the lower ratio. The distribution accord- ing to gender is similar for all countries, with higher ratio of women reaching 100 years old. Different patterns of education level were found on countries where this infor- mation was reliable: Portugal and Greece are the countries with lower levels of education, with more than half without formal education; Finland, UK and Iceland are the countries with higher levels of education, with all centenarians having at least lower secondary education. Analysing the residence situation (living in the community or living in the institu- tion), Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Greece and Latvia are the countries that present higher percentages of centenarians living in the community; Iceland is the country with lower percentage of centenarians living in the community. A posi- tive correlation between the number of centenarians and the percentage of Total Health Expenditure of GDP is observed. This study provides important information about the current profile of European centenarians, which is compared to gen- eral information on the centenarian population from EUA and Asia.
- Centenarians´ quality of life and the role of health and living contextPublication . Brandão, Daniela; Duarte, Natália; Araújo, Lia; Alves, Sara; Teixeira, Laetitia; Ribeiro, OscarIntroduction: The interest of the scientic community to study the centenarian population has been growing due to the signicant expansion of life expectancy and human longevity. Evidences about their quality of life (QoL) are, nevertheless, still limited. Different conceptualizations of QoL, the overvaluation of the negative aspects of advanced age and the heterogeneity of the oldest old are some issues that could explain the difculties in this assessment. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the perceived QoL in a sample of centenarians and analyze if there are significant life context (community vs institutional) and health (objective and subjective perception) differences. Methods: A subsample of 59 Portuguese centenarians who participated in the PT100_Oporto Centenarian Study, conducted in 2013 was considered. Descriptive and chi-square analysis were conducted. Results: Most centenarians perceived their QoL in a very positive manner (50.8% rated it as “good”, 6.8% as “very good” and 3.4% as “excellent”); 28.8% perceived it as “acceptable” and 10.2% as “bad”. No significant statistical differences were found for the considered variables. Conclusions: Centenarians seem to present high levels of perceived QoL, which can be associated with a great ability to adapt to adverse situations that occur through their lives. Neither contextual and health aspects seem to inuence the perception of QoL in this particular sample study. Nonetheless, more research is needed to understand the specicities of the QoL in the centenarian population, namely the role of psychological and social variables.
- Multi-indicators of Successful Aging in CentenariansPublication . Araújo, Lia; Teixeira, Laetitia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Brandão, Daniela; Duarte, Natália; Paul, ConstançaIntroduction: The multidimensional model of successful aging (Young, Frick & Phelan., 2009) has been serving as a reference in empirical studies of successful aging over the last years (e.g., Pruchno et al., 2010) and a benchmark to assess the health and functioning of very old individuals (Philips Lifeline, 2014). By comprising bio, psycho and social domains, it constitutes a promising approach to the study of the centenarian population who tend to present several age-related losses. Objectives: The study aims to validate a multidimensional model of successful aging in a sample of Portuguese centenarians. Methods: 80 centenarians from the PT100 project (Oporto and Beira Interior Centenarians Studies) were face-to-face interviewed. Indicators of disease and physical impairment (physiological domain), emotional vitality and inner contentment (psychological), and engaging with life and spirituality (sociological) were collected. Results: Structural equation modeling analysis to the hypothesized model suggests removing the social activities indicator (factor loading of 0.07). The alternative model ts well to the observed data, with x2(24) = 29.058, p = 0.218, CFI = 0.949, GFI = 0.925, RMSEA = 0.052, p = 0.048. Conclusions: The consideration of multi indicators of successful aging enables considering compensatory mechanisms and synergies between physical, psycho and social domains. A greater focus on psychosocial domains values the individual capacities’ of adaptation, resilience, and coping, which have been tremendously advocated in the gerontological literature (Baltes & Baltes, 1990; Jeste, Depp, & Vahia, 2010).