Browsing by Author "Costa, Daniela"
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- Agricultura familiar e proteção das culturas: abordagens tradicionais e proximidade com práticas de agricultura biológicaPublication . Costa, Cristina Amaro Da; Guiné, Raquel; Esteves Correia, Helena; Costa, Daniela; Costa, Telmo; Parente, Cristina; Pais, Celso; Gomes, Mafalda; Aguiar, AnaDesde há quase um século, a proteção das culturas em explorações agrícolas familiares, tem vindo a juntar às práticas tradicionais, meios de proteção curativos para combater pragas, doenças e infestantes, em particular recorrendo ao uso de pesticidas. Estes agricultores assumem grande relevância territorial, económica e social em Portugal e a sociedade procura os seus produtos, em mercados e feiras locais, por entender que estão associados a práticas agrícolas com menores impactos na saúde e no ambiente e se aproximam do modo de produção biológico. Assim, procura-se identificar as práticas agrícolas da agricultura familiar, na componente de proteção das culturas, que podem ter impactos negativos no ambiente e na saúde humana e que se distanciam da agricultura biológica. A partir de um questionário (cheklist), aplicado a 125 agricultores familiares com explorações situadas em Portugal (Viseu, Braga e Barcelos) e Espanha (Pontevedra e Padron), identificaram-se as práticas agrícolas relacionadas com a proteção das culturas. Identificaram-se algumas práticas comuns com a agricultura biológica: diversidade cultural, consociações, rotação de culturas, seleção de variedades resistentes. Outras, como o pousio, intervenções em verde ou luta biotécnica, são utilizadas apenas por alguns agricultores familiares. Por outro lado, a luta química é utilizada pela maioria dos agricultores familiares.
- Beekeeping. Reference text for a MOOC coursePublication . Oddie, Melissa; Coelho, Catarina; Costa, Cristina Amaro; Costa, Daniela; Gaião, Davide; Oliveira, Jorge; Krsnik, Martina; Correia, Paula; Guiné, Raquel; Karise, Reet; Lederer, Vedran; Mesquita, Sónia; Basile, Salvatore; Raimets, Risto; Dahle, Bjørn
- A Biomassa Verde e Lenhosa dos Espaços Urbanos como Fonte Energética para os Edifícios Públicos da Cidade de ViseuPublication . Viana, Helder Filipe dos Santos; Pinto, Nuno; Costa, Daniela; Barracosa, PauloA biomassa gerada pelos espaços verdes urbanos constitui uma fonte de resíduos significativa que, muitas vezes, é direccionada directamente para aterros podendo ser aproveitada para fins energéticos, nomeadamente no aquecimento térmico de alguns edifícios públicos. O presente trabalho apresenta a quantificação da biomassa verde indiferenciada gerada pelos espaços verdes urbanos, depositada nos pontos de recolha específicos, e da biomassa lenhosa proveniente das podas realizadas nas árvores existentes na cidade de Viseu. Simultaneamente, estimam-se as necessidades energéticas (eléctricas e térmicas), no Verão e Inverno, dos principais edifícios públicos da cidade. A quantificação dos resíduos produzidos anualmente foi avaliada por inquéritos às empresas responsáveis pelas podas das árvores da cidade, à autarquia e ao centro de tratamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, para o período de 2004 a 2007. Fez-se também a estimativa a partir da caracterização dendrométrica do parque arbóreo existente, a qual serviu para comparar e validar os resultados obtidos. As necessidades energéticas médias anuais foram estimadas a partir do inquérito realizado, no período entre 2004 e 2006, em 49 edifícios públicos como escolas, unidades de saúde, edifícios da autarquia, entre outros. Os resultados mostram que as necessidades térmicas médias anuais dos edifícios estudados rondam os 109.245,78 GJ. A biomassa produzida ronda as 106,5 t/ano de resíduos lenhosos e 103,3 t/ano de resíduos verdes, os quais foram convertidos em valores de energia. A biomassa unicamente lenhosa poderia suprir cerca de 10,3% das necessidades térmicas de Inverno, das 19 escolas levantadas nestes estudo. Dado que muita da biomassa produzida na cidade não é contabilizada, uma vez que é depositada juntamente com os resíduos sólidos urbanos, o potencial energético destes resíduos poderia ser muito superior.
- Bridges between family farming and organic farming: a study case of the Iberian PeninsulaPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Gaião, Davide; Costa, Daniela; Correia, Paula; Guerra, Luis T.; Esteves Correia, Helena; Costa, Cristina Amaro DaThe aim of this work was to identify procedures adopted by family farms in the centre and north of Portu- gal and Galicia (Spain), and to verify whether they resem- ble those used in organic farming. A checklist was pre- pared in Portuguese and Spanish and applied personally to managers of family farms. The participation was volun- tary and 125 valid responses were collected. The results show that farmers included in the study owned small family farms where labour is mainly per- formed by the family, and tended to adopt, in general, good agricultural practices, many of which are common to organic farming, such as crop rotation, avoidance of GMO or avoidance of phytoregulators. However, they failed to adopt some important practices, including the use of seeds inoculated with mycorrhizae, composting, biological and biotechnical control or avoidance of chemical control for plant protection. It was further concluded that gender and age of the farmers did not significantly influence the type of agricultural practices, contrarily to the level of educa- tion and region, which were significantly associated with many of the cultural interventions investigated.
- Building Bio-Districts or Eco-Regions: Participative Processes Supported by Focal GroupsPublication . Dias, Raquel S.; Costa, Daniela; Esteves Correia, Helena; Costa, Cristina Amaro DaOver the years, rural areas have faced a number of problems and difficulties, such as an increase in the average age of the population, desertification, loss of employment and the abandon‐ ment of rural and agricultural activities, which have led to the emergence of new initiatives aimed at revitalizing these territories from a social, economic and environmental perspective, such as the successful Bio‐districts or Eco‐regions (e.g., Bio‐district of Cilento). Understanding and establishing a proper framework for each territory based on agroecology and participatory methodologies is still a challenge. In this sense, based on the analysis of two European examples—Cilento, Italy and São Pedro do Sul, Portugal—we described each of the building processes and defined a set of drivers that might constitute guiding principles to serve as a basis for the creation of Bio‐districts or Eco‐ regions. The drivers’ matrix identified was discussed in three focus groups carried out in Portugal in 2020. Such drivers included a technical and environmental component (the quality of the envi‐ ronment and landscape, the food system and the implementation of organic farming and agroeco‐ logical practices), a social and economic component (valorization of the farmers, products and ter‐ ritories and a set of different stakeholders—farmers, consumers, schools, tourism entities and res‐ taurants, local authorities) and a political component (the governance model). Most participants agreed that the recognition of a Bio‐district or Eco‐region should be informal, bottom‐up, with farm‐ ers as the main pillar, with a fair and representative participation, namely family farmers.
- Characterization of Beekeepers and Their Activities in Seven European CountriesPublication . Guiné, Raquel P. F.; Mesquita, S.; Oliveira, Jorge; Coelho, C.; Costa, Daniela; Correia, Paula; Esteves Correia, Helena; Dahle, B.; Oddie, M.; Raimets, R.; Karise, R.; Tourino, L.; Basile, S.; Buonomo, E.; Stefanic, I.; Costa, Cristina Amaro DaBeekeeping is an ancient activity that is gaining interest among practitioners and society in general. It is as an activity with positive impacts in the environmental, social and economic spheres, with the potential to reconnect these dimensions and contribute to sustainable development. Thus, it is important to determine the profiles of beekeepers across the world, and to understand the main social, economic or ecological drivers that shape their activities. Hofstede cross-cultural dimensions were used to better explain differences between countries. A survey was undertaken of beekeepers in different countries (Croatia, Estonia, Finland, Italy, Norway, Portugal, and Spain) in the native language of each nation. A total of 313 questionnaires, using an online platform or in paper form, was delivered face-to-face during training or dissemination events in 2019. Norway and Finland were the countries with the highest percentage of respondents with a university degree (>80%), while Spain (42%) and Croatia (48%) presented the lowest percentages. Most participants were experienced beekeepers (59% had more than five years of experience) with more than 50 colonies. With the exception of Italy, beekeeping appears to be a hobby or an additional professional activity. The main beekeeping products for these beekeepers were honey, wax, colonies and propolis, with an average honey production per season of 24.5 kg/hive. Crossing socio-demographic characteristics and Hofstede cross-cultural dimensions showed a relation among countries with higher Power Distance Index (PDI; this value expresses how society accepts and expects a certain inequality of power) and lower annual income and educational level (Croatia, Portugal, and Spain). A strong correlation appeared between Masculinity Femininity Index (MFI; this value refers to gender effects in society, with feminine societies meaning that the dominant values are caring for others and quality of life, as opposed to masculine societies, which are driven by competition, achievement and success) and age, income and education, with Norway presenting the most feminine society, with more educated and older beekeepers. The Uncertainty Aversion Index (UAI; this value explains how members of a society feel when dealing with unknown situations) was strongly associated with education. The results showed that increasing beekeepers’ income will contribute to balancing the distribution of power among members of society, and that this might be achieved by training, especially in Croatia, Portugal, Spain, and Italy.
- Constrangimentos ao exercício da atividade da agricultura familiar e propostas de açãoPublication . Costa, Cristina Amaro Da; Costa, Daniela; Gomes, Diana; Gaião, Davide; Bandeira, Cristina; Santos, Pedro; Filipe, Cláudia; Costa, Sónia; Moutinho, António Delfim; Paulo, Noémia; Melen, Florence
- Contribution for Rural Development through Training in Organic FarmingPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Costa, Daniela; Correia, Paula; Castro, Moisés; Guerra, Luís; Costa, Cristina Amaro DaThe aim of this work was to characterize a potential target group of people interested in participating into a training program in organic farming in the context of mobile-learning. The information sought addressed in particular, but not exclusively, possible contents, formats and forms of evaluation that will contribute to define the course objectives and curriculum, as well as to ensure that the course meets the needs of the learners and their preferences. The sample was selected among different European countries. The questionnaires were delivered electronically for answering on-line and in the end 135 consented valid questionnaires were obtained. The results allowed characterizing the target group and identifying their training needs and preferences towards m- learning formats, giving valuable tools to design the training offer
- Contribution for Rural Development through Training in Organic FarmingPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Costa, Daniela; Correia, Paula; Castro, Moisés; Guerra, Luís; Costa, Cristina Amaro DaThe aim of this work was to characterize a potential target group of people interested in participating into a training program in organic farming in the context of mobile-learning. The information sought addressed in particular, but not exclusively, possible contents, formats and forms of evaluation that will contribute to define the course objectives and curriculum, as well as to ensure that the course meets the needs of the learners and their preferences. The sample was selected among different European countries. The questionnaires were delivered electronically for answering on-line and in the end 135 consented valid questionnaires were obtained. The results allowed characterizing the target group and identifying their training needs and preferences towards m- learning formats, giving valuable tools to design the training offer
- Cross visiting training guide for innovative beekeepingPublication . Basile, Salvatore; Alvarez, Alba; Dahle, Bjørn; Coelho, Catarina; Costa, Cristina Amaro; Costa, Daniela; Gaião, Davide; Esteves Correia, Helena; Oliveira, Jorge; Tourino, Luis; Krsnik, Martina; Correia, Paula; Guiné, Raquel; Karise, Reet; Raimets, Risto; Lederer, Vedran