ESAV - DEAS - Artigo em revista científica, indexada ao WoS/Scopus
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- Agri-Food Contexts in Mediterranean Regions: Contributions to Better Resources ManagementPublication . Martinho, VítorThe agri-food frameworks have specific characteristics (production units with small dimensions and in great number with implications in the respective markets) that call for adjusted approaches, even more so when they are considered in Mediterranean contexts (where global warming will have relevant impacts). In fact, the Mediterranean regions and countries have particular specificities (due to their climate conditions) that distinguish them from their neighbours. This is particularly true in Europe, for example, where the southern countries present socioeconomic dynamics (associated with the respective public debt) that are different from those identified in the northern regions. From this perspective, it seems pertinent to analyse the several dimensions of the agri-food systems in the Mediterranean area. To achieve these objectives, a search was carried out on 26 December 2020 on the scientific databases Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) and Scopus for the topics “agr*-food” and “Mediterranean”. These keywords were selected after a previous literature survey and to capture the agri-food contexts in Mediterranean regions. The keyword “agr*-food” was considered in this way to allow for a wider search (including “agri-food”, “agro-food”, etc.). Considering only articles (excluding proceeding papers, book chapters, and books, because in some cases it is difficult to access the entire content of the document), 100 and 117 documents were obtained from the WoS and Scopus, respectively. After removing the duplicated studies and taking into account the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, 137 documents were surveyed through a literature review. As main insights, several dimensions embedded in the concept of agri-food were highlighted, from those related to heritage subjects to natural assets. On the other hand, the following subtopics were identified: agri-food dynamics and sustainability, agriculture and agri-food systems, agri-chains and food consumption, and food production and composition impact on agri-chains. Stressing the gaps in the scientific literature, related to the topics here addressed, there are possibilities to better explore the several dimensions and solutions offered by the new developments associated with smart agriculture and agriculture 4.0, specifically for the Mediterranean contexts and their challenges. Finally, to complement the PRISMA methodologies, an MB2MBA2 (Methodology Based on Benchmarking of Metadata, from scientific databases, and Bibliometric Assessment and Analysis) approach is suggested to carry out systematic literature reviews, based on bibliometric analysis.
- Agricultural Entrepreneurship in the European Union: Contributions for a Sustainable DevelopmentPublication . Martinho, VítorEntrepreneurship is sometimes seen as a glimmer of hope which may bring about some contribution towards improving economic dynamics and performance, specifically in the creation of employment by young people, in general, with further educational training, greater flexibility and who are better prepared for working with new technologies. However, entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector is, in certain circumstances, viewed as being something incompatible or, at least, difficult to implement. More scientific studies in these fields could provide interesting contributions on the road to highlighting new ideas inside the farming sector. In this framework, the objective of this study is to explore the entrepreneurship dimensions within the European Union agriculture towards a more sustainable sector. In fact, without an economic dimension in farm management, its sustainability in the medium and long run may be compromised, increasing the abandonment of farming, namely in more disadvantaged regions. For this, the literature which is available on the platform Web of Science relating to the following three topics was initially analysed: entrepreneurship, agriculture, and the European Union. This literature was clustered through the VOSviewer software, an interesting tool for performing bibliometric analysis. Secondly, statistical information related to European Union agricultural entrepreneurship considering empirical approaches was also explored. The analysis carried out shows that the realities across European Union countries are, in fact, different, where the instruments from the common agricultural policies, for example, may play a crucial role in promoting more farming entrepreneurship in a more sustainable way.
- An Insight into the Level of Information about Sustainability of Edible Insects in a Traditionally Non-Insect-Eating Country: Exploratory StudyPublication . Guiné, Raquel P. F.; Florença, Sofia De Guiné E; Anjos, O.; Correia, Paula; Ferreira, Bruno; Costa, Cristina Amaro DaInsects have been reported as a possible alternative solution to help feed the growing world pop-ulation with less stress on the planet, thus contributing to the preservation of the environment and natural ecosystems. However, the consumption of edible insects (EIs), although culturally ac-cepted for some communities, is not readily accepted for others. Hence this work explores the lev-el of information that people in a traditionally non-insect-eating country have about the sustaina-bility issues related with EIs, and also some possible reasons that could motivate their consump-tion. The study was based on a questionnaire survey and the results were explored by descriptive statistic tools, tree classification analysis, factor analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the level of information is still low in general, with most people not manifesting an opinion. However, some aspects are relatively familiar to the participants (88.9% know that the ecological footprint of insects is smaller than other meats and 86.9% know that they efficiently convert or-ganic matter into protein). Factor and cluster analysis showed three classes: cluster 1—people not informed about the facts disclosed through the true statements and also not able to distinguish the false information; cluster 2—people not informed about the facts disclosed through the true statements but who were able to distinguish the false information; and cluster 3—people well in-formed about the facts disclosed through the true statements but who were marginally unable to distinguish the false information. It was also found that education, sex and professional area are the most relevant sociodemographic factors associated with the level of information, and the highest motivations to consume EIs are their contribution to preserve the environment and natu-ral resources followed by being a more sustainable option (for 64.7% and 53.4% of participants, respectively). Hence it was concluded that, although some work still needs to be done to better inform people about EIs, there is already some conscientiousness that they constitute a good and more sustainable alternative to other types of meat.
- Análise quantitativa da oferta e procura na hotelaria e turismo rural na Região Viseu Dão LafõesPublication . Pato, Maria Lúcia; Lemos, Carlota; Brito, ManuelNuma altura em que se apela à diversificação crescente do turismo e procura de alojamentos integrados nos locais de destino, este trabalho procura compilar uma análise quantitativa da oferta de empreendimentos turísticos, em particular da Hotelaria e Turismo no Espaço Rural. A análise centra-se na Região Viseu Dão Lafões, uma região interior que tem procurado afirmar-se em termos turísticos, revelando um crescimento da atividade turística em relação à restante Região Centro no período em análise de 2014 a 2018. Os dados deste estudo foram obtidos a partir do Instituto Nacional de Estatística. Os resultados sugerem que, o alojamento proporcionado na modalidade de Turismo no Espaço Rural/Turismo de Habitação é preponderante para o desenvolvimento socioeconómico da maioria dos concelhos da região. No entanto, estas modalidades, em relação aos estabelecimentos hoteleiros, estão associadas a menor capacidade de alojamento, número de hóspedes, número de dormidas e taxa líquida de ocupação-cama. Usaram-se SIG como ferramenta de visualização espacial de alguns resultados
- Are new rural ventures different from new urban ones? An exploratory analysis of businesses located in Portuguese incubators and science parksPublication . Pato, Lúcia; Teixeira, AuroraPurpose – Considering the differences between rural and urban spaces, the theoretical framework developed in this paper aims to uncover and rationalize the differences between rural and urban new ventures in terms of the environment surrounding the new venture, their general characteristics (e.g., sector, size), and export/economic performance. Design/methodology/approach – The theoretical framework is empirically assessed resorting to exploratory statistical analysis based on data collected from a questionnaire survey responded by 408 new ventures headquartered in Portuguese Business Incubators (BIs) and Science Parks (SPs). The data collected was treated with the Software Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings – The results evidence that rural and urban new ventures differ in terms of generic characteristics, namely sector, size, and collaborators’ human capital. Additionally, they differ concerning export and economic performance as well in relation to the perception of the municipality support. Research limitations/implications – Albeit the present study is mainly exploratory, it constitutes a stepping stone for future research into the differences between rural and urban new ventures regarding their export and economic performance determinants. Originality – The present study innovatively contributes to uncover the role of rural and urban context in entrepreneurship and adds to the scanty empirical literature in the area.
- Are Portuguese consumers ready to understand the risks from pesticide use?Publication . Costa, Cristina Amaro Da; Fontes, Magda Aguiar; Santos, José ManuelUnderstanding consumer perceptions and attitudes towards the use of pesticides in agriculture and its risks is of utmost importance to redirect them towards food products produced in farming systems which use less or no pesticides. Based on data from a survey of 725 Portuguese urban consumers, three groups were identified: non buyers, occasional buyers, habitual buyers, considering their attitudes towards and knowledge of fruit and vegetables from integrated pest management. Knowledge about pesticides and certification systems affects preferences and should be considered as a key issue for market strategies and agricultural policies, and to ensure that consumers are able to define a healthy diet and to understand the influence of their food choices on the environment.
- Assessment of the Interrelationships of Soil Nutrient Balances with the Agricultural Soil Emissions and Food ProductionPublication . Martinho, Vítor; Pereira, José; Gonçalves, José ManuelSustainable and adjusted soil management practices are crucial for soil quality, namely in terms of the nutrient budget. On the other hand, soil characteristics are interlinked with agricultural sustainability and food supply. In other words, soil quality influences agricultural performance and food chains, but it is also impacted by agricultural activities. In this context, this research aims to evaluate the spatial correlations of the soil nutrient balance around the world and analyse how this variable is interrelated with agricultural soil emissions, agricultural output, and food supply. To achieve these goals, data from the FAOSTAT database were considered. This statistical information was analysed with spatial autocorrelation approaches to identify spatial clusters around the world that can be considered as a basis for designing common policies. To perform panel data regressions to identify marginal effects between variables, data were first evaluated using correlation matrices and factor analysis. The results highlight that there is space for common strategies worldwide to preserve soil quality, as in some parts of the world the problems are similar. In these frameworks, the international organizations may have a determinant contribution.
- Best management practices from agricultural economics: Mitigating air, soil and water pollutionPublication . Martinho, VítorOften the several stakeholders involved in the agricultural sector place a greater emphasis on the negative externalities from farming production rather than on the solutions and approaches to mitigate, namely impacts from pollution. The scientific literature, in certain circumstances, follows this tendency leaving a vast chasm of enormous potential left to be explored. It is important to contribute towards the reduction of this gap, highlighting the best management practices implemented across the agricultural sector around the world, specifically to make them more visible and give incentive to the several agents in adopting and spreading their use. In this way, the main objective is to stress the best management practices presented by the global scientific literature from the farming sector. To achieve this objective methodology based on bibliometric analysis-factor-analysis-literature survey approach was considered, applied to 150 documents obtained from the Web of Science (core collection) related with the following topics: best management practice; agricultural economics; air, soil and water pollution. As main insights, it is worth referring the best management practices to deal with problems from agricultural production, such as, for example, the use of agricultural residues as feedstock for renewable energies. With regard to sustainable development in the agricultural sector, concepts such as "sustainable remediation" have their place. On the other hand, the agricultural and environmental policies and the agricultural costs associated with the several farming practices also play a determinant role here. Finally, only fraction of the scientific documents analysed (16 papers) belong to the group of studies related to policies, showing that there are potential subjects to be addressed here in future studies related with these topics. The same happens for cost-benefit analyses (24 documents).
- Bibliographic Coupling Links: Alternative Approaches to Carrying Out Systematic Reviews about Renewable and Sustainable EnergyPublication . Martinho, Vítor: New technologies, specifically the internet, have over the last two decades increased the number of publications in the most diverse fields of science. Subjects related to renewable and sustainable energy are no exception. These frameworks have allowed the main insights produced by the scientific community through literature surveys to be highlighted. Nonetheless, considering the vast quantity of studies, systematic approaches have been proposed by the researchers to better organize and perform the literature review. Considering the subjectivity of some of these methodologies, the main objectives of this research are to conduct a systematic review about renewable and sustainable energy through more objective techniques, based on bibliometric analysis, to provide an alternative or to complement those already available within the literature. For this purpose, a “Biblio4Review” approach was proposed in order to perform systematic reviews about renewable and sustainable energy that may spread into other scientific fields. This methodology is based on bibliographic coupling links from the bibliometric analysis to identify the most relevant studies for the literature review. The results obtained highlight that with this approach it was possible to identify the studies with greater centrality in terms of references shared. In this way, they are among the most relevant documents for these topics. Specifically for the topic considered (renewable and sustainable energy) the main insights were referred to. In any case, the findings obtained show that there is a field for more interdisciplinary approaches
- Bibliometric Analysis for Working Capital: Identifying Gaps, Co-Authorships and Insights from a Literature SurveyPublication . Martinho, VítorFrom a financial perspective, working capital represents the liquidity of firms that makes them able to deal with short-term liabilities in current assets (inventories, receivables accounts, and net financial resources). However, this concept is also considered in scientific literature as, among other meanings, stock of productive capital, or variables costs. Considering the importance of working capital in a firms’ dynamics, the principal objective of this study is to highlight the main gaps and insights in literature concerning working capital and to suggest future research. For this purpose, bibliometric analysis was carried out through bibliographic information from both the Web of Science Core Collection and from the Scopus for the topic of “working capital”. These data were first worked through bibliometric approaches, considering the VOSviewer and Gephi software and later surveyed through a literature review. As the main insights, it is worth highlighting that there are several gaps in related literature, where the most worrying is the weak reference to sustainability or sustainable development concepts. Finally, the majority of the networked research was focused on just a few authors, organizations, and countries.