ESSV - UEMC - Artigo em revista científica, indexada ao WoS/Scopus
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- Adherence to therapeuthic regimen and metabolic control of type 1 diabetesPublication . Cunha, Madalena; Matos, Ana Paula; Almeida, Vera; Albuquerque, Carlos; Madureira, António; Estudantes 28º CLAbstract Objectives: To assess the adherence to therapeutic regimen; to determine the Hemoglobin Glycation Index (HbA1c); to analyse the relationship that exists between the adherence to therapeutic regimen and metabolic control. Design: correlational analytical study, carried out according to a cross-sectional perspective. Participants: A non-probabilistic sample of 266 people with type 1 diabetes aged between 18 and 78 years old (mean M = 51.02 ± SD = 18.710), attending follow-up diabetes consultations. Mostly male individuals (51.88%), with low schooling level (50.75% had only inished elementar school). Measuring Instruments: We used the following data collection tools: a questionnaire on clinical and socio-demographic data, blood analysis of venous blood to determine the glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c).Three self-report scales were used: Accession to Diabetes Treatment (Matos, 1999), Self-perception Scale (Vaz Serra, 1986) and Social Support Scale (Matos & Rodrigues, 2000). Results: In a sample in which the mean disease duration is 12.75 years, 69.17% of the sample run glycemic control tests between once a day and four times a year and 42.86% of them undergo insulin treatment. In the last 3 weeks, 26.32% of these people have experienced an average of 4.22 to 44.36%, hypoglycemic crises and experienced an average of 6.18 hyperglycemic crises. 57% of the individuals have showed a poor metabolic control (mean HbA1c higher than 7.5% (HbA1c mean M ≥ 7.50%). The mean psychosocial proile revealed individuals who show a decent self-esteem (M = 70.81) and acceptable social support (M = 58.89). Conclusions: The results suggest we should develop a kind of investigation that could be used to monitor the strenght of the mediation effect effect of the psychosocial predictive dimension of the adherence, since it has become essential to support a multidisciplinary approach which center lays in the promotion of a co-responsible self-management from the person who suffers from diabetes. This will enable a better quality of life; fewer years of people’s lives lost prematurely and a better health with less economical costs for citizens and healthcare systems.
- Antibacterial effect of silver diamine fluoride incorporated in fissure sealantsPublication . Veiga, Nélio; Ferreira, Paula; Correia, Tiago; Correia, Maria J.; Pereira, Carlos; Amaral, Odete; Correia, Ilídio J.Abstract—Introduction: The application of fissure sealants is considered to be an important primary prevention method used in dental medicine. However, one of the most common reasons of dental caries development in teeth with fissure sealants is due to the formation of microleakages. The association between various dental biomaterials may limit the major disadvantages and limitations of biomaterials functioning in a complementary manner. The present study consists in the incorporation of a cariostatic agent – silver diamine fluoride (SDF) – in a resin-based fissure sealant followed by the study of release kinetics by spectrophotometry analysis of the association between both biomaterials and assessment of the inhibitory effect on the growth of the reference bacterial strain Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in an in vitro study. Materials and Methods: An experimental in vitro study was designed consisting in the entrapment of SDF (Cariestop® 12% and 30%) into a commercially available fissure sealant (Fissurit®), by photopolymerization and photocrosslinking. The same sealant, without SDF was used as a negative control. The effect of the sealants on the growth of S. mutans was determined by the presence of bacterial inhibitory halos in the cultures at the end of the incubation period. In order to confirm the absence of bacteria in the surface of the materials, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) characterization was performed. Also, to analyze the release profile of SDF along time, spectrophotometry technique was applied. Results: The obtained results indicate that the association of SDF to a resin-based fissure sealant may be able to increase the inhibition of S. mutans growth. However, no SDF release was noticed during the in vitro release studies and no statistical significant difference was verified when comparing the inhibitory halo sizes obtained for test and control group. Conclusions: In this study, the entrapment of SDF in the resin-based fissure sealant did not potentiate the antibacterial effect of the fissure sealant or avoid the immediate development of dental caries. The development of more laboratorial research and, afterwards, long-term clinical data are necessary in order to verify if this association between these biomaterials is effective and can be considered for being used in oral health management. Also, other methodologies for associating cariostatic agents and sealant should be addressed.
- Anxiety, depression and stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritisPublication . Cunha, Madalena; Ribeiro, Ana; André, SusanaProblem Statement: Rheumatic diseases carries a high physical, psychological and social impact, with relevant multi-dimensional assessment of psychosocial functioning of these rheumatic patients, reasons for carrying out the present study. Research Questions: What is the prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? Purpose of the Study: This aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress in people with rheumatoid arthritis These have in our population worse quality of life indicators, when compared with the general population. Research Methods The study observational was conducted with 80 participants, 82.5% were female, aged between 21 and 80 years, with an average of 58.16 years. Was applied “Health Assessment Questionnaire” (Fries, 197, validated by Santos Reis, Rebelo, Days, Pink & Queiroz, 1996); “Anxiety Scale, Depression and Stress” (PF Lovibond and Lovibond SH, 1995, adapted by Ribeiro, Honored and Leal, 2004). Findings: Moderate and high anxiety was found in 37.5% of the sample and severe depressive symptoms in 35%, which are higher in women (♀40,9%; ♂39,4%). Stress presented high in 42.5% of subjects. The anxiety and depression are higher in the females participants, with increased pain and superior functional impairment. Stress increases with the low income and worsening of health status. Conclusions: Nursing care to these people should include interventions aimed at screening, referral and treatment of these clinical outbreaks. These nosological entities should also be considered when planning educational activities / training of future health professionals.
- Anxiety, depression and stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritisPublication . Cunha, Madalena; Ribeiro, Ana; André, SuzanaAbstract Problem Statement: Rheumatic diseases carries a high physical, psychological and social impact, with relevant multi-dimensional assessment of psychosocial functioning of these rheumatic patients, reasons for carrying out the present study. Research Questions: What is the prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? Purpose of the Study: This aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress in people with rheumatoid arthritis These have in our population worse quality of life indicators, when compared with the general population. Research Methods The study observational was conducted with 80 participants, 82.5% were female, aged between 21 and 80 years, with an average of 58.16 years. Was applied “Health Assessment Questionnaire” (Fries, 197, validated by Santos Reis, Rebelo, Days, Pink & Queiroz, 1996); “Anxiety Scale, Depression and Stress” (PF Lovibond and Lovibond SH, 1995, adapted by Ribeiro, Honored and Leal, 2004). Findings: Moderate and high anxiety was found in 37.5% of the sample and severe depressive symptoms in 35%, which are higher in women (♀40,9%; ♂39,4%). Stress presented high in 42.5% of subjects. The anxiety and depression are higher in the females participants, with increased pain and superior functional impairment. Stress increases with the low income and worsening of health status. Conclusions: Nursing care to these people should include interventions aimed at screening, referral and treatment of these clinical outbreaks. These nosological entities should also be considered when planning educational activities / training of future health professionals.
- Application of mechanical chest compressions in the prehospital : favorable neurological outcome at hospital dischargePublication . Marques, Nuno; Almeida, Vitor; Cunha, Madalena; Santos, EduardoIntroduction: The quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), especially the chest compression, is vital to the success of the Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC) and for good neurological outcomes at hospital discharge, in victims who have suffered Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHAC). Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of mechanical chest compressions on the neurological outcomes of victims with OHCA. Methods: A Systematic Review of Literature (SRL) on studies evaluated the assessing of effectiveness in the using of mechanical devices on chest compressions on cardiac arrest patients with OHCA. After a research (in PUBMED, EBSCO and Google Scholar) in studies published between January 2009 and 31 October 2014, were found studies and subjected to analysis, taking into account the previously established inclusion criteria. The quality of the studies included was assessed by two reviewers using the critical evaluation scale of a study describing a prospective, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (RCT) by Carneiro (2008). The meta-analysis was performed by using the Mantel-Haenszel method, using the effect of random models. Results: From three RCTs that involving 7208 participants, were selected 3027 of the group of the mechanical devices and 4181 of the control group. The analysis of the combined trials, shows no significant differences on the good neurological outcome at hospital discharged. The mechanical compressions in PH provide advantage with clinical relevance in comparison to manual compressions (RR=0.90; CI 95%=0.68-1.19; p=0.47). Conclusions: The mechanical CPR in Prehospital shows benefit, with clinical relevance, in a favorable way the neurological outcome at hospital discharge.
- Chemical and physical restraint of patientsPublication . Cunha, Madalena; André, Susana; Bica, Isabel; Ribeiro, Olivério; Dias, António; Andrade, AnaProblem Statement: The physical and chemical restraint of patients, despite being often applied with no real scientific basis, has always been part of nursing practice in caring for the ill people. Research Questions: What is the level of knowledge over in nursing about physically and chemically restraining? Purpose of the Study: Evaluate the level of knowledge of nurses on physical and chemical restraint of patients. Research MethodsThe cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by collecting data using a survey on the knowledge that physically and chemically restraining patients. To this end, a convenience sample was assessed consisting of 156 nurses aged between 24 and 57 (average being 35.11), 79.2% of which were female and 20.8% were male. Findings: The majority (92.3%) consider the physical restraint is a way of ensuring the patient's safety. The level of knowledge reveals that the majority (53.1%) have knowledge on the physical and chemical restraint of patients, noting that 46.9% have a good level of knowledge, 6.2% a reasonable level of knowledge and 46.9% have a weak level of knowledge on the subject. Conclusions: Given the results, there arises the concern to include training on the physical and chemical restraint of patients in the study plan, as well as implementing the training and simulated practice of restraining measures, giving future nurses the transferable skills needed in clinical practice.
- Conflict resolution strategies : influence of organizational and professional commitment nursesPublication . Pinho, Paula; Albuquerque, Carlos; Cunha, MadalenaIntroduction: The changes in the health area and the set of structural changes in the nursing profession and career interfere in the dynamics and stability of the future of the nurses. Objectives: To study the influence of organizational and professional commitment of the nurses in the strategies of conflict resolution. Methods: This is a quantitative, transversal and non-experimental research, following a descriptive-correlational way. Data were obtained by applying a questionnaire to nurses that work on different types of Primary Health Care Units. As measuring instruments we used three scales that grouped a total of nine subscales used to evaluate: the organizational commitment, the professional commitment and the strategies of conflict resolution. Results: The majority of nurses present moderate scores of organizational and Professional commitment with higher affective commitment to the normative commitment or instrumental commitment and feel that nursing is an interesting and challenging profession, but personal and social perception of nursing relevance is moderately weak. Nurses adopt the domination conflict resolution strategies and accommodation over the head and less integrative strategies and commitment. With subordinates more nurses adopt the avoidance strategy. When the conflictual situation arises with colleagues more endow the integrative strategies and commitment and less domination strategy. The organizational and professional commitment is significantly associated with some solving strategies conflict adopted by nurses as the conflictual situation arises with the boss, with subordinates or colleagues. Some dimensions of organizational commitment and professional foretell to significantly shape the adoption of conflict resolution strategy adopted.
- Contributions to the quality of life of chronic renal insufficient patientsPublication . Martins, Conceição; Duarte, João; Chaves, CláudiaIntroduction: Quality of Life of renal insufficient patients cannot be evaluated only on a partial basis, but rather as whole human beings, with their individuality, particularly in their health, social and economic, psychological, emotional, familial and environmental status. Our aim: to assess the quality of life of haemodialysis patients in their variable contexts such as, personal, sociological, physiological, social and emotional lives. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 4 treatment units in the centre of Portugal. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire divided into various scales and applied to 160 haemodialysis patients. Results: Age, overall anxiety and extroversion are predictive factors of physical functions. Socialeconomic levels, age anxiety and extroversion are relative physical functions. Cognitive anxiety, haemodialysis time, age and a sense of responsibility/demand are predictors of pain. Somatic anxiety, duration of haemodialysis, extroversion and financial support are predictors. Extroversion, cognitive anxiety, age, and total social support are predictors of vitality. Total social support, family Apgar, age and somatic anxiety are predictors of social functions. Social-economical levels, age and physiological performance . Neurological stability is the only predictor of mental health. Age and overall anxiety predicted health changes. Social-economical levels, cognitive anxiety, age and extroversion were general predictors of overall quality of life. Conclusions: We would like to point out through these results, the importance this type of research, in that it has given some contribution to the quality of life of haemodialysis patients.
- Determinantes da perceção da saúde em idosos na comunidadePublication . Chaves, Claudia; Duarte, João; Amaral, Odete; Nelas, Paula; Coutinho, Emília; Cruz, CarlaO presente estudo tem como objetivo geral conhecer a perceção que os idosos têm da sua saúde, avaliar com que regularidade os idosos sentem dor e verificar o regime terapêutico, patologias diagnosticadas, hábitos nutricionais e dependência nas actividades de vida diária. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, exploratório, com caraterísticas de estudos descritivos, utilizando uma amostra de conveniência com 263 indivíduos idosos, com uma média de 72,81 anos (± 0,377 anos), a maioria dos homens, 81,9%, referem ter companheira e 59,9% das mulheres declaram ter companheiro. 18,1% dos homens e 25,2% das mulheres afirmaram não saber ler e escrever. A nível dos rendimentos a maioria aufere entre 200 e 485 euros (58,6% dos homens e 65,3% das mulheres). A frequentar centros de dia ou associações recreativas apenas 8,6% dos idosos do sexo masculino e 12,9% dos do sexo feminino. Recorreu ao centro de saúde três ou mais vezes nos últimos 6 meses (47,4% dos homens e 56,5% das mulheres). Sem alterações dos seus hábitos nutricionais, com todas as inoculações da vacina antitetânica actualizadas (93,2%). Com patologia crónica, 97,4% dos homens e 98,0% das mulheres. A maioria dos idosos afirma tomar 3 ou menos medicamentos diariamente (49,1% dos homens e 42,2% das mulheres) e 25,9% dos homens e 27,2% das mulheres tomam 6 ou mais medicamentos. Afirmam que o seu estado de saúde é razoável, 45,7% dos homens e 55,1% das mulheres, com uma associação altamente significativa ao género (p=0,000). Refere sentir dores muitas vezes surgem 11,2% no sexo masculino e 25,9% no sexo feminino, com uma associação estatística altamente significativa para o género (x2=22,208; df=4; p=0,000). Nas atividades básicas de vida diária de Katz, verificámos que, com ausência de incapacidade ou incapacidade leve surgem 62,6% dos inquiridos, com incapacidade moderada, 29,0%, e com incapacidade severa 8,4%. As diferenças se encontram no género masculino quando este tem ausência de incapacidade ou incapacidade leve e no género feminino quando este tem incapacidade moderada (t=-3,105; p=0,002). Em Portugal existem ainda poucos estudos sobre a temática apresentada sendo emergente um maior número de investigações em contexto comunitário. Palavras-Chave: Idoso; Enfermagem Comunitária; Perceção da saúde
- Development of a Questionnaire to Assess Knowledge and Perceptions about Edible InsectsPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Florença, Sofia De Guiné E; Costa, Cristina Amaro Da; Correia, Paula; Ferreira, Manuela; Duarte, João; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Campos, Sofia; Anjos, OféliaEdible insects (EI) have been consumed as traditional foods in many parts of the globe, but in other regions, they are not readily accepted, particularly in Western countries. However, because EI are suggested to constitute a more sustainable protein food as compared with other sources of animal protein, they can be considered a future food that could help mitigate hunger and malnutrition. Additionally, new gastronomic trends are already targeting this area for exploring new potentialities. The objective of this work was to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess consumers’ perceptions and knowledge about EI in seven different domains: D1. Culture and Tradition, D2. Gastronomic Innovation and Gourmet Kitchen, D3. Environment and Sustainability, D4. Economic and Social Aspects, D5. Commercialization and Marketing, D6. Nutritional Aspects and D7. Health Effects. The 64 items were subjected to item analysis and reliability analysis for validation, and factor analysis was also conducted to identify a grouping structure. The results validated all the items of the seven subscales with high values of Cronbach’s alpha (α = 0.732 for D1, α = 0.795 for D2, α = 0.882 for D3, α = 0.742 for D4, α = 0.675 for D5, α = 0.799 for D6 and α = 0.788 for D7). However, by eliminating 17 items, the final values of the alpha increased in all subscales. Factor analysis with extraction by principal component analysis with varimax rotation extracted 14 factors that explained, in total, 65% of the variance, although the first two factors were the most important (35.7% variance explained). In conclusion, the confirmed usefulness of the questionnaire has been hereby validated for assessing consumer perceptions of and knowledge about EI.