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- Sustainable alternative of palm wine analogue from different tiger nut milk-sugar syrup blends for local productionPublication . Onyeodili, Adindu O.; Okafor, Gabriel I.; Okoyeuzu, Chigozie F.; Nduka, Onyekachukwu Chukwuebuka; Okechukwu, Queency N.; Hassani, Mouandhe Imamou; Juchniewicz, Szymon; Leicht, Katarzyna; Okpala, Charles Odilichukwu R.; Korzeniowska, Małgorzata; Guiné, RaquelAim: The unfermented pale-yellow exudates (“palm sap”) emerge from tapped unopened spathe of mostly oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and raphia palm (Raphia hookeri). Besides, tiger nut milk (Kunuaya) is among the non-alcoholic refreshing drinks with dairy appearance. A sustainable alternative could therefore emerge from blends of tiger nut milk and sugar syrup to serve a resembling role as palm wine. In this context, therefore, palm wine analogue from different tiger nut milk and sugar syrup blends using palm wine dreg as inoculum was evaluated by proximate, physicochemical, microbial, and sensorial analyses at different time intervals. Methods: The materials were processed, analyzed, and packed using standard referenced procedures. This required freshly tapped palm sap juxtaposed with blends of tiger nut milk-sugar syrup beverage, and thereafter subjected to aerobic fermentation. Importantly, the tiger nut milk-sugar syrup medium has been pitched with palm wine dreg (inoculum source) between fermentation time 26–30 h, and temperature 29.8°–32°C. Results: Considering all the analytical outcomes, from proximate, microbiological, physicochemical, to sensory data, the control appeared to somewhat resemble those of the experimental samples of this study. Conclusions: Potentially, the (palm wine) analogue produced from tiger nut milk and sugar syrup blends using (palm wine) dreg as inoculum could be embraced by the market as natural palm wine. Indeed, the emergent product should serve as an alternative sustainable promise for palm wine, which could help fill the market supply gap, especially in the seasons of reduced supply/yield.
- Avaliação de impacte ambiental da gestão de resíduos da produção de uma bancada com base na abordagem de ACVPublication . Silva, Luiza; Ferreira Silva, Maria Elisabete; Brás, Isabel; Domingos, Idalina; Ferreira Wessel, Dulcineia; Ferreira, JoséIntroduction: Consumerism has led to an increase in environmental problems, and for this reason, sustainable solutions must be the priority when designing new products or services. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is one of the most important analytical tools available for choosing the best decision when it comes to sustainability. Objective: The focus of this study was to apply an LCA to the management of wastes from a kitchen/bathroom countertop production. The waste management scenarios studied were landfill (current practice) and waste recycling. The panel consists of a ceramic layer on a lamellar panel substrate, formed by glassliner and PVC, which is intended to be resistant to water, scratches and impacts. The residues generated from the panel production are glassliner and PVC plastics and ceramics. Methods: The LCA methodology was followed and the EPD 2018 method available in the SimaPro software was chosen to quantify the environmental impacts of waste management. The environmental impact categories studied were eutrophication, global warming, photochemical oxidation, ozone layer depletion, abiotic depletion and acidification. Results: The results showed that the two plastic wastes are the main contributors to acidification, eutrophication and global warming. However, for photochemical oxidation and water scarcity, the ceramic component residue is the main contributor. Comparing the two scenarios, waste recycling reduces the impacts in all environmental impact categories, in comparison with landfill. Conclusion: Recycling the residues from the production of panels brings improvements in environmental impacts in all categories analyzed.
- Literacia em comportamentos aditivos nos estudantes do ensino superiorPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Campos, Sofia; Magalhães, Cátia; Gonçalves, Amadeu; Nelas, Paula; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Guiné, Raquel P. F.Introdução: O consumo de substâncias nos estudantes está associado ao fato de pretenderem ter mais rendimento escolar, resistir ao cansaço, diminuir o impacto do stresse e do insucesso estando implícitas novas experiências pessoais e sociais, assumindo um papel central em rituais de integração. Objetivos: Determinar se as variáveis sociodemográficas, académicas e contextuais interferem na literacia em Comportamentos Aditivos. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e correlacional, amostra de 924 estudantes, idade média de 22,35 anos, maioritariamente feminina. Dados obtidos por um protocolo constituído por um questionário de dados sociodemográficos, e uma Escala de Literacia em Comportamentos Aditivos. Resultados: Estudantes com moderada literacia em comportamentos aditivos (42,2%), baixa literacia (29,8%), e 28,0% a manifestarem elevada literacia. É o sexo masculino que manifesta níveis de literacia ligeiramente superiores (M=75,50±19,24), comparativamente ao feminino (M=75,49±19,36). As variáveis sociodemográficas e académicas que interferem na literacia em comportamentos aditivos, são o desempenho académico (p=0,028)e o ano curricular (p=0,000). Conclusão: Aponta-se para a necessidade de programas de intervenção formativa e metodologias ativas, capazes de empoderar os estudantes neste âmbito. O recurso a tecnologias, ambientes de aprendizagem virtuais fazem com que o envolvimento dos estudantes no processo formativo seja maior e a aprendizagem facilitada.
- Literacia em saúde nos estudantes do ensino superior: estudo exploratórioPublication . Campos, Sofia; Ferreira, Manuela; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Guiné, Raquel P. F.; Ferreira Aparício Costa, Maria Da Graça; Nelas, PaulaIntrodução: A literacia em saúde é definida como a capacidade de obter, ler, compreender e utilizar a informação no âmbito da saúde, que possibilite tomar decisões no decurso da vida, importante determinante social para a equidade em saúde. Objetivo: Identificar os níveis de literacia nos domínios, da sexualidade e comportamentos aditivos (tabaco e álcool) dos estudantes do ensino superior Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo com uma amostra de 924 estudantes do Ensino Superior Politécnico. Resultados: Os estudantes apresentavam uma média de idades de 22 anos, 79,8% eram do sexo feminino, 89,5 % eram solteiros e 96,0% de nacionalidade portuguesa. Da amostra, 76,9% frequentavam a licenciatura, 58% estavam deslocados da sua residência habitual. Em relação aos consumos, 74,7% nunca fumou. Sobre o consumo de álcool, 73, 9% consumiu ou consome. Sobre o impacto da utilização do computador/Internet na saúde e bem-estar, 51,9% referiu algumas vezes, e 11,3% muitas vezes. 92,7% afirmou que utiliza a contraceção. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos permitem um diagnóstico de necessidades de formação dos estudantes no âmbito da sexualidade e comportamentos aditivos, bem como elaborar um Manual de apoio que será disponibilizado em acesso aberto. Espera-se contribuir para melhorar os níveis de literacia em saúde, disseminando materiais que possam ser usados para capacitar e empoderar os estudantes para tomadas de decisão e comportamentos promotores da sua saúde.
- Consumer perception of insects as food: Mexico as an example of the importance of studying socio‐economic and geographical differences for decision‐making in food developmentPublication . Escalante‐Aburto, Anayansi; Rodríguez‐Sifuentes, Lucio; Ozuna, César; Mariscal‐Moreno, Rosa María; Mulík, Stanislav; Guiné, Raquel; Chuck‐Hernández, CristinaMexico is a multi-diverse country where insect consumption has been associated with traditional practices. Nevertheless, there are no studies regarding differences in entomophagy within the country to get specific insights into consumers' perceptions. A total of 3125 Mexicans answered a national survey related to demographic indicators and aspects of edible insects. The χ2 test was used (P < 0.05) to analyse the data. Results showed that a national average of 74% had consumed insects, mainly from the south and centre. Demographic characteristics demonstrated that the northern region had a significantly higher monthly income (>952 USD) and educational level (postgraduate), declaring a consumption of ‘once in a lifetime’ (more than 50%). The word clouds analysis showed remarkable differences among regions, in the north and centre the word ‘curiosity’ was the most found; in the central region, the word ‘chapulines’ (grasshoppers); and in the south, the term ‘gastronomy’. Marketing aspects such as availability, price and variety significantly trigger increasing insect consumption by understanding regional differences to produce specific strategies and formulations.
- Perception of healthy eating among adults participating in the Eat-Mot survey in Brazil.Publication . Ferreira, V.A.; Lopes, A.C.S.; Guiné, Raquel; Ribeiro, M.C.; Pires, I.S.C.; Miranda, L.S.; Magalhães, R.The purpose was to verify the association between sociodemographic and health characteristics with the perception of healthy eating among Brazilian participating in the international study Eat-Mot. The perception of healthy eating was investigated by frequency categorized into: never/rarely/sometimes and most of the times/always. Ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate “odds ratio” to verify the relationship between sociodemographic and health variables with the perception of healthy eating. Six hundred and sixty individuals participated, most of them women (74,7%) who have completed higher education or ongoing (77,6%). A good number of the interviewees perceived their diet as healthy (49,3%). In multivariate analysis, it was noted that there was a negative association between the perception of healthy eating with: be male (OR=0,45; IC95%: 0,31-0,64); have less education (high school: OR=0,51; IC95%: 0,35-0,74 and elementary school: OR=0,11; IC95%: 0,03-0,42); less practice of physical activity (>3 times/week: OR=0,40; IC95%: 0,25-0,63, 2-3 times/week: OR=0,29; IC95%: 0,16-0,52;
- Post-harvest characterization of the hazelnut sectorPublication . Ferrão, Ana Cristina; Guiné, Raquel; Rodrigues, M.; Droga, R.; Correia, PaulaIntroduction: Hazelnut is one of the most consumed nuts in the world, and its consumption is associated with numerous health benefits. Objectives: This study aimed to analyse the post-harvest practices in the hazelnut sector in a sample of Portuguese producers living in the Viseu district and also in the unique Portuguese industry in this sector. Methods: It was undertaken a descriptive cross-sectional study on a sample consisting of 11 participants (10 hazelnut producers and one hazelnut industry in Portugal). The surveys were applied by personal interview after informed consent only to adults (aged 18 or over). Results: The results obtained showed that 80.0% had their hazelnut plantation in the form of an orchard, with areas under 10 hectares, and in most cases aged 20 years or more. The main varieties used by the producers were Grada de Viseu and Segorbe. For the industry, the main varieties were Grada de Viseu, Ennis and Tonda de Giffoni. For the majority of participants (87.5%), the harvest was done manually, with the fruits being stored in warehouses at room temperature and without relative humidity control. In the case of industry, hazelnut kernels were stored at a controlled temperature (0-10 ⁰C) and with relative humidity control (<70%). The material used for transport/sale was different for industry and producers. Conclusions: This study clarified the post-harvest practices, as well as some of the difficulties experienced by hazelnut producers in Portugal.
- The Science behind Traditional Products: The Case of Portuguese CheesesPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Florença, S. G.Portugal is situated in the Iberian Peninsula, having climacteric influences of the Atlantic Ocean together with the Mediterranean Sea, which, allied to the landscape and fertile soil results in good pastures that potentiate the animal production. Hence, Portugal is very rich in what concerns traditional cheeses, made with cow, goat, sheep or mixture milks, and which are characterized by very particular tastes, colours and consistencies, besides being also different in terms of chemical composition. The number of Portuguese traditional cheeses is very high, although only a part of them have already been registered under the European Union designations for protection of origin. These have different processing technologies and are characterized by singular aspects that differentiate among them. In this way, they can be classified in terms of the type of milk used for its production, or in terms of the fat content, or even the type and intensity of ripening or finally according to the consistency of the paste. Traditional cheeses are very important in social terms, because they accumulate the history of a people and a country, besides providing a means of income for the rural populations that live from the pastures and the cheese manufacture. Cheeses comprise nutritional properties for being a good source of proteins, lipids, minerals (such as calcium, phosphorus and zinc) and vitamins (like vitamin A, riboflavin, folic acid and vitamin B12). Nevertheless, when it comes to traditional cheeses, they have to be consumed with moderation due to the high fat content present because they are usually made with whole milk.
- Hazelnut: A Valuable ResourcePublication . Guiné, Raquel; Correia, PaulaHazel (Corylus avellana L.) nutshell is one of the most consumed and most appreciated nut fruit all over the world. It is believed to have constituted a basic food in early prehistory, in temperate zones of the globe, such as for example Europe. Presently the hazelnut production is mainly concentrated on the Black Sea coast of Turkey, but other countries are also important producers, like for example Portugal, situated on the western Europe, in the Iberian Peninsula. The objective of this work is to make a review about the worldwide importance of hazelnut, their usages, including gastronomic and industrial applications, as well as some ways that allow adding value to this fruit, making it an even more valuable resource. The advantages include higher income for produces, lower environmental impacts and valorisation of residues improving sustainability and providing valuable products for consumers and/or ingredients to incorporate into those products.
- Comparative study about some eating habits in six countries: eating out and fast food consumptionPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Florença, S. G.; Leal, M.; Rumbak, I.; Komes, D.; Saric, M. M.; Tarcea, M.; Fazalas, Z.; Szucs, V.; Klava, D.; Straumite, E.; Baric, I.Poor diets have proven very detrimental for the maintenance of good health and eating an excessive amount of fast food and highly processed meals can harm the general health status of the population. Hence, this work investigates the habits related to eating outside the home and frequency of eating fast food meals in participants from six different countries. A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken on a sample of 4,904 adult participants. For the data treatment, basic statistics were complemented with tree classification analysis, using the CRT algorithm. This study concluded that in the sample under study the frequency of eating out of home was in general low, corresponding to four or fewer times per week for 71.9% of the participants, and the consumption of fast food meals was also acceptable, i.e., with a low frequency of up to two times per week in 88.6% of the respondents. The biggest differences were encountered when comparing participants from different age groups, countries or sexes, and not so much for living environment or education level. Tree classification analysis highlighted the relative importance of the considered factors for eating out and fast food meals, being country and age confirmed as the most influential factors. In the evaluated sample the incidence of eating out and fast food meals were low, which is a good indicator to contribute globally for the good health status of the participants involved in the study.