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- Vitiviniculture, environment and biodiversity: sustainability actionsPublication . Figueiredo, Antonio; Rodrigues, António; Vicente, Margarida; Antunes, Maria JoséThe rational use of resources is currently a widely discussed topic in any organization, although it takes on greater importance in those of productive scope. Measures of different levels − strategic, tactical or operational − are increasingly being implemented, so it is pertinent to analyze their effect on the distinct dimensions of sustainability: environmental, economic and social. Any strategic process must go through those that are considered the four crucial stages: analysis, formulation, implementation and control. The perfect knowledge of the environment and its emerging needs and concerns along with an in-depth survey of the internal situation of the organizations will allow us to achieve truly differentiating levels of excellence. This research, carried out in a wine-producing organization – Adega Cooperativa de Mangualde – identifies its crucial activities, the main strategic, tactical and operational actions that have been implemented in the last eight years, fits them into the above-mentioned dimensions of ustainability and determines its relative weights. Particular emphasis is placed on grapes suppliers − the capital holders −, as regards their mode of production and its impact on biodiversity and the environment. Raising public awareness of this issue is of great importance and people should be encouraged to alter their behaviour by changing some attitudes in everyday life. This awareness to achieve sustainable development becomes even more important insofar as it is a cooperative institution with a management model of well-defined specific characteristics.
- Using Process Mining to Analyze an Emergency ServicePublication . Gomes, André; Fialho, Joana; Wanzeller Guedes de Lacerda, Ana CristinaDigital solutions open up advances in institutions and in the services they provide. Many organizations collect large amounts of data (Big Data), but the value of these data is not readily available. Any possible solution to solve this problem is seen as an opportunity to obtain innovative indications for improving the functioning of the institutions. The health area is an important example in the context of the Big Data problem. Data collected in hospitals, combining log records from various sources, allow for a broader picture of medical processes. The scarcity and onerousness of resources and the growing need to provide health care to the population generate increasing pressures for good management of those processes. A possible solution to solve the mentioned problem is the usage of techniques of knowledge extraction from data, more precisely Process Mining. Thus, this work aims to show the benefits of using Process Mining to improve health processes, in this case in an emergency room. The results of this work are models that allow the analysis of the real functioning on care units, making it possible to draw conclusions about their management, as well as their resources’ use. With this type of information, professionals from each unit can act on existing inefficiencies, allowing them to improve a service that is of great importance to the population.
- Development of a Polymer Shredder: Recycling Waste from 3D PrintersPublication . Lopes, João; Samuel Messias; Guimarães, André; salgueiro marques, José Manuel Neto; Estácio Marques Mendes Gaspar, Daniel AugustoThe increasing use of 3D printers has heightened the need for sustainable solutions to manage the polymeric waste generated, such as PLA. This study presents the development of an innovative shredder capable of processing 3D printing waste and transforming it into reusable granules for the production process. The project involved the design of a knife mill, adapted for PLA, with blades offset by 30°, ensuring efficient distribution of cutting forces and reducing stress on the components. Critical components, such as blades, shafts, and motor, were dimensioned using precise calculations to determine cutting force, torque, and material resistance. The system was validated through finite element analysis (FEA), ensuring structural robustness and an adequate safety factor. The system allows for the adjustment of granule size using sieves with different calibers, making it adaptable to process requirements. It also includes safety devices that ensure reliable operation and protect the operators. The equipment proved versatile and capable of processing common polymers such as ABS, PETG, and PA. The results confirm that the shredder is a practical, efficient, and sustainable solution, contributing to the circular economy and reducing the environmental impact of 3D printing. In the future, improvements in design and automation could enhance its scalability and facilitate integration into industrial processes.
- Digital Maturity In Industry 4.0: A Bibliometric Review of Evaluation Models for Small and Medium EnterprisesPublication . Guimarães, André; Reis, Pedro; Charrua-Santos, FernandoThe present study, utilizing bibliometric techniques, aimed to structure and analyze the existing scientific literature on Digital Maturity Assessment Models for Industry 4.0, explicitly focusing on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Despite digital transformation not being a new phenomenon, it continues to be a crucial and relevant concept, significantly impacting SMEs and presenting a valuable opportunity for their integration into the global economy. This research involved a comprehensive review of the scientific literature and a bibliometric analysis to uncover key trends and insights in this field. The study identified the primary research trends and highlighted the ten most influential articles based on citation count and publication frequency. Furthermore, it pinpointed the most cited authors, offering greater clarity on the development level of SMEs in their integration and preparation for the Industry 4.0 paradigm. This analysis provides valuable insights into SMEs’ current state and future directions of digital maturity, facilitating their transition into a more technologically advanced and competitive environment.
- Modified Delphi Method for Insights on Digital Transformation in Asset ManagementPublication . Messias, Samuel; Guimarães, André; Raposo, Hugo; Estácio Marques Mendes Gaspar, Daniel AugustoA utilização de um método de avaliação e de validação é de extrema importância para credibilizar e fortalecer a aceitação de conclusões sobre um determinado tema. Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever a adaptação da técnica Delphi no processo de validação do conteúdo de um questionário sobre a Transformação Digital na Gestão de Ativos. No estudo, participaram 25 especialistas da indústria portuguesa com experiência em Gestão de Ativos e Transformação Digital. O questionário abrangeu os seguintes temas: Gestão de Ativos, Transformação Digital, norma NP EN 55001, sistemas de informação e o ciclo de vida dos ativos. Adicionalmente, foram abordados os modelos de maturidade relacionados com a Gestão de Ativos e a Transformação Digital. Para a avaliação do nível de maturidade na Gestão de Ativos, foi utilizado o modelo do IAM (Institute of Asset Management), enquanto para a avaliação do nível de maturidade digital foi utilizado o modelo VDMA/IMPULS. A técnica Delphi aplicada foi modificada para se adequar ao formato de um questionário, sendo realizada numa única ronda pelos especialistas. Os resultados mostraram uma taxa de resposta de 72%. Os especialistas chegaram a um consenso sobre as 15 perguntas apresentadas, com 10 questões validadas por unanimidade e bem classificadas, juntamente com algumas sugestões de melhoria, enquanto 5 questões não obtiveram tanto consenso. Para a classificação e avaliação, foi utilizada a escala de Likert de 1 a 5, onde “1 — Nada relevante” e “5 — Extremamente relevante”. Esta técnica Delphi modificada permitiu perceber tendências e vetores futuros na Gestão de Ativos e na Transformação Digital. O método Delphi contribuiu para o aprimoramento da formulação do questionário, sendo esta uma etapa intermediária num processo de validação iterativo. A opinião dos especialistas possibilitou a obtenção de feedbacks construtivos para a validação das questões e da estrutura do questionário a ser utilizado.
- Implementation of Autonomous Mobile Robots in Intralogistics: Simulations in a Case StudyPublication . Guimarães, André; Silva A.; Teixeira J.; Gomes F.; Martins S.Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) are increasingly being integrated into intralogistics operations, playing a pivotal role in material handling within the Industry 4.0 framework. In this context, a central unit oversees programming and planning decisions, while AMRs independently communicate and negotiate with other resources, such as machines and systems, decentralizing decision-making processes. These advancements have significantly impacted traditional methods and decision-making processes for planning and control. This study analyzes the use of simulation to evaluate AMRs in supplying XYZ factory assembly lines, with a view toward future implementation on the factory floor. Beyond comparisons, the study aims to assess AMR performance to determine their feasibility and provide analytical validation. Various simulation models were developed using SIMIO software to achieve these goals, followed by iterative adaptations and testing through simulation. The findings provide valuable insights into the role of AMRs in Industry 4.0- based production networks. They offer production managers practical guidance for determining optimal configurations and evaluating the performance impacts of AMR-based production networks compared to traditional assembly lines.
- Business Productivity and the Adoption of Lean and Industry 4.0 Tools: A Regional StudyPublication . Guimarães, André; Rosivalda Pereira; Pereira, Marisa; Pereira,Maria TeresaThis study investigates the relationship between the adoption levels of Lean and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) tools and business productivity among 140 industrial companies in the Central Region of Portugal. Lean and I4.0 adoption indices were constructed and categorized into tertiles. Productivity data were retrieved from the SABI database. Statistical analysis using non-parametric methods revealed a marginally significant association between Lean tool adoption and productivity (Kruskal-Wallis H(2) = 5.30, p = 0.071), indicating a positive trend. In contrast, a statistically significant relationship was found for Industry 4.0 adoption (H(2) = 8.39, p = 0.015, Dunn’s p = 0.039), with companies with low adoption levels underperforming those with medium and high levels. No significant productivity differences were observed by firm size (p = 0.154). These findings highlight the relevance of Lean and I4.0 tools as productivity drivers, regardless of company size, and underscore the importance of promoting structured digital and operational transformation strategies in low digital maturity regions.
- AI-Powered Data Management to Optimize Data Collection and Processing in a Painting LaboratoryPublication . Pereira, Teresa; Oliveira, Marisa; Tavares, Miguel; Guimarães, AndréIndustrial laboratories often remain under-digitized compared to production lines, creating a gap between data acquisition and analytical intelligence, critical for advanced quality control. This study addresses this gap by proposing and validating a novel framework that combines Low-Code digitalisation tools with Machine Learning (ML) and Causal Inference to optimise data collection and analysis in an automotive painting laboratory. A Microsoft Power Apps-based platform was developed in order to digitalise all measurement records, eliminating manual transcription errors (previously ≈ 40.01%) and reducing data-handling time by up to 34% of an operator’s shift, while enabling centralised, traceable storage and Power BI integration. Four datasets were used to assess predictive capacity with Random Forest, XGBoost and Neural Networks; Random Forest consistently provided the most stable results—Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.972, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 16.45%, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.307. Causal models (Linear Regression, DoWhy, Causal Forest, Double Machine Learning) consistently identified ultrafiltrate I solid content of the electrodeposition process as a dominant causal factor for defects. This study provides a novel framework that bridges digitalisation and ML-based causal reasoning in laboratory settings, offering a scalable approach that can be extended and replicated in other industrial sectors, aiming to develop smart, data-driven quality control systems.
- How Destination Familiarity Impacts on Word of Mouth of Tourist Destinations: The Moderation Effects of Social Media EngagementPublication . Santos, Sara; Ferreira, Sónia; Augusto, Luísa; Santo, Pedro Espírito; Luciana PessoaWith the advent of the Internet, communication has changed, and new concepts have emerged, especially in tourism. Today, there are many tourist destinations, so competition is increasing. However, cities must find an effective method of differentiating themselves and demonstrating the value of their brand through social media posts since almost everyone is active in the digital world. Using social media, citizens can create and send content or choose word-of-mouth to pass on information about touristic destinations. Communication is vital for marketing and building a close relationship with the customer. Familiarity with the destination is essential because tourists should be prepared for what they will find when visiting a country. This article aims to study the effects of familiarity on the acceptance of tourist destinations moderated by engagement in social media. A quantitative approach was used, and a questionnaire was used to conduct the research. Using literature-tested scales, this study collected data from a sample of 915 individuals, which was analysed using SMART PLS software. The results identified that social media engagement is vital in moderating the relationship between familiarity with the destination, advertising stimulation and word of mouth
- Industry 4.0 Readiness Assessment – A Comparative Analysis of Portuguese and Brazilian CompaniesPublication . Guimarães, André; Moura, Luciano Raizer; Cardoso, Antonio J. MarquesPurpose: This paper aims to present a comparative analysis of the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) maturity levels between Portuguese and Brazilian industrial companies. This study focuses on identifying signi¯cant di®erences across various evaluation dimensions using a standardized maturity model (MM). Methodology: The same evaluation model, developed by the German Mechanical Engineering Industry Association (VDMA), was applied to Portuguese and Brazilian companies, speci¯cally in the State of Esp {rito Santo (ES). The research encompassed 370 Portuguese industrial companies and 46 Brazilian ones. The VDMA platform was used to process individual results, indicating the levels across six model dimensions and providing an overall score on a scale of 0–5. The data collected were then tabulated to enable a comparative analysis between the two countries. Findings: The study revealed that, on average, Brazilian companies have a lower maturity level (0.95) than Portuguese companies (1.22) on the 0–5 scale for I4.0 readiness. Notably, signi¯cant di®erences were observed in the dimensions of Smart Operations and Employees. Based on these di®erences, this study outlines potential pathways for these companies to enhance their I4.0 maturity levels. Originality/value: This research provides a unique comparative perspective on industrial companies' I4.0 maturity levels in Portugal and Brazil, using a standardized and widely recognized MM. The ¯ndings o®er valuable insights into the speci¯c areas where companies in these countries can focus their e®orts to advance their readiness for I4.0, highlighting the importance of tailored strategies for di®erent national contexts.