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dos Santos Vasconcelos Gomes, Helena Margarida
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- Algorithmic Thinking in Early Childhood Education: Opportunities and Supports in the Portuguese ContextPublication . Figueiredo, Maria Pacheco; Amante, Susana; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Rego, Belmiro; Alves, Valter; Duarte, Rui PedroALGO-LITTLE is an EU-funded project, with partners from Portugal, Italy, Turkey and Slovenia, in search of ways to integrate Algorithmic Thinking skills into preschool education for the purpose of growing future code literates starting from the earliest ages. Algorithmic Thinking stems from the concept of an algorithm, which refers to solving a problem by developing a set of steps taken in a sequence to achieve the desired outcome (Katai, 2014). The concept can be traced to the work of Papert (1980, 1991) and is connected to the seminal article by Wing (2006) that introduced Computational Thinking. Barretal (2011) concluded that in K-12, Algorithmic Thinking involves problem-solving skills and particular dispositions, such as confidence and persistence when confronting particular problems. Early Childhood Education algorithmic skills include abilities to learn and work according to the rules or models since children are capable to understand, use, apply and develop simple algorithms. Children are also capable of analyzing and correcting the sequence of actions to reach results, transferring known methods of actions to new situations, and describing their activities to others in a clear way (Voronina et al., 2016; Games for learning algorithmic thinking, 2017). The paper analyses initiatives, studies, and projects that are connected to Algorithmic Thinking in Early Childhood Education in Portugal. A review of literature was developed, starting with curricular documents for Preschool Education (3 to 6 years old) and other documents from the ICT Educational Policy in the country. The second step was a search in databases for studies and projects that looked into Algorithmic Thinking and Computational Thinking in Early Childhood Education in Portugal. The analyses looked into the following themes: a) what definition and elements of Algorithmic Thinking are present?, b) to which concepts and curricular areas is it connected to?, c) what is expected that children in Early Childhood Education learn in relation to Algorithmic Thinking?, d) to what pedagogical elements is Algorithmic Thinking related to?. In terms of curricular documents, it was found that code has been relevant for Portuguese Early Childhood Education (at least) since 1997. In their first edition, the Portuguese Curricular Guidelines for Pre-School Education (Ministério da Educação, 1997) included computer code as one of the codes children should get acquainted with. This meant its inclusion under the domain “Spoken Language and Introductory Writing”. It was stated that “code” was present and would be necessary in children’s lives and could be used in arts, music, mathematic, or writing (Portuguese) (p. 72). This approach was positively singled out by the OECD report: addressing the topic of ICT in the guidelines interconnected with other forms of communication and information learning (Taguma et al., 2012). In 2016, the Portuguese Curricular Guidelines for Pre-School Education (PCGPSE) were reviewed and this second version amplifies the mentions to technology. The findings include an analysis for each of the six curricular areas and domains. In terms of studies and projects, the “Kids Media Lab Project II” stood out as the only systematic initiative for promoting Computational Thinking in Preschool Education (Pinto, Fernandes & Osório, 2021). In the findings, the main elements of the project are discussed.
- Do Pensamento Computacional à Computação Criativa: trajetórias na formação contínua de professoresPublication . Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Rego, Belmiro; Rito, P. N.Desenvolver o Pensamento Computacional nos primeiros anos de escolaridade é essencial num mundo cada vez mais tecnológico. A formação de professores é um fator crítico para o desenvolvimento de contextos significativos de exploração do Pensamento Computacional e da Computação Criativa. O projeto Smart City Kids Lab (SCKL), integrou uma oficina de formação de pro-fessores, que apoiou o desenvolvimento de propostas de alunos do 1.º CEB para tornar a sua cidade mais inteligente, utilizando a programação e a robótica. A qua-lidade dos produtos criados pelos alunos e a avaliação positiva dos professores par-ticipantes confirmam a pertinência do desenvolvimento deste tipo de projetos.
- Smart City Kids Lab: Creative Computing in Primary SchoolPublication . Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Rego, Belmiro; Sousa, Barbara; Loureiro, Manuela; Rocha, PedroIn recent years there is a growing interest in including programming activities in education, emphasizing the importance of children developing computer thinking since early ages. Block-based programming environments scaffold children to explore and learn programming in an easier way. In this paper we present a project supported by a theoretical framework that mobilizes constructionism, the maker movement, tinkering, and project-based learning, and a practical framework based on workshops with primary teachers. Primary school children developed computational thinking and creative computing skills, while they design and present ideas to turn their city a smart city. Results show the quality of the products developed using programming and robots and the impact that this approach can have in authentic learning.
- Play, Algorithmic Thinking and Early Childhood Education: Challenges in the Portuguese ContextPublication . Figueiredo, Maria Pacheco; Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Amante, Susana; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Alves, Valter; Duarte; Rego, BelmiroALGOLITTLE is an EU-funded project, with partners from Portugal, Italy, Turkey, and Slovenia, supporting the integration of algorithmic thinking skills into preschool education for preparing future code literates from an early age. The paper presents the project and frames it in Portuguese Early Childhood Education. First, in terms of curricular areas and pedagogical approach, through a content analysis of the Portuguese Curricular Guidelines for Preschool Education. Second, by analyzing initiatives and projects that are connected to algorithmic thinking in Early Childhood Education in Portugal. Third, by presenting challenges that emerged from a set of discussions with several participants, highlighting the complexity and timeliness of the project.
- Curriculum –Releasing Maths Anxiety with the Use of RoboticsPublication . Konaklı, Tuğba; Koç, Yusuf; Arı, Arzu; Arslan, Hasan; Daniela, Linda; Helmane, Ineta; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Figueiredo, Maria; Menezes, Luís; Operto, Fiorella; Pedemonte, Gianluca; Şenol, Gizem
- Curso – Integração de Competências de Pensamento Algorítmico na Educação Pré-EscolarPublication . Gencel, İlke Evin; Akyüz, Büşra; Kavaklı, Nurdan; Licardo, Marta; Perše, Tina Vršnik; Pezak, Jasminka; Figueiredo, Maria Pacheco; Amante, Susana; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Rego, Belmiro; Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; P. Duarte, Rui; Alves, Valter; Operto, Fiorella; Gilardi, Luca; Şenol, Gizem
- Smartcity lab for kids e o pensamento computacional criativoPublication . Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Ribeiro, António Augusto Gaspar; Rego, Belmiro; Pacheco Figueiredo, Maria; Miranda-Pinto, S. M; Morais, Nídia Salomé; Rito, P. N.; Sousa, Bárbara; Loureiro, Manuela; Rocha, PedroA criação sempre foi uma atividade humana permanente. Criar com criatividade tornou-se uma tarefa fundamental numa altura em que existem tantas ideias, tanto desenvolvimento, tanta tecnologia e acentuada evolução ao nível da inteligência artificial. Desenvolver o pensamento computacional nos primeiros anos de escolaridade tem surgido como uma atividade emergente, uma vez que é reconhecidamente uma forma de potenciar aprendizagens integradas, contextualizadas e ativas, baseadas na resolução de problemas e em projetos transdisciplinares. O pensamento computacional nos primeiros anos pode ser desenvolvido como base em três grandes ideias: o construcionismo, onde são valorizadas as aprendizagens das crianças, a partir do desenvolvimento de produtos pelas próprias crianças; a computação criativa através da qual se desenvolvem relações entre as vivências das crianças e a computação, com base na sua criatividade, na sua imaginação e nos seus interesses; a ideia de Project Based Learning, que contextualiza a aprendizagem das crianças na resolução de problemas reais e significativos onde as crianças são convidadas a definir os problemas e a projetar, experimentar e comunicar diferentes raciocínios e soluções. Os contextos assumem um papel preponderante na promoção de aprendizagens significativas realçando-se aqueles que potenciam o diálogo entre a escola e a comunidade e que, dessa forma, contrariam a ideia de que a tecnologia fecha os alunos no espaço das salas de aulas. Aprender a programar e programar para aprender é o desafio lançado a algumas turmas do 1.º CEB dos 5 agrupamentos de escolas de Viseu, tendo como base o tema criativo de smartcity enquanto mobilizador de abordagens transdisciplinares com tecnologia. Neste projeto, os alunos são desafiados a pensar Viseu como uma smartcity e a desenvolver ideias e soluções representadas a partir da programação e da robótica. Pretende-se explorar processos de aprendizagem criativa, contextualizada e significativa, dando à cidade uma visão criativa sobre o seu desenvolvimento. Nesta comunicação é apresentado o projeto “smartcity lab for kids”, que resulta de uma parceria entre a ESEV e o município de Viseu, e são discutidas algumas das abordagens e estratégias desenvolvidas com crianças dos 3.º e 4.º anos do 1.º CEB.
- MindMaths: learning mathematics in the early years through computational thinking and roboticsPublication . Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Figueiredo, Maria; Lucas, Antonio; Menezes, LuisMindMaths is an EU-funded project, started in 2020, with partners from Portugal, Italy, Turkey and Latvia, aiming to cope with math anxiety and problems with mathematics learning in primary education, using educational robotics. Throughout Flipped Learning Practices its focus is on initial primary teacher training, designing learning activities and resources to fulfill this challenge of preparing the future teachers to use robotics to release math anxiety. This paper presents an overview of the MindMaths Project and the main ideas underlying its development in the Portuguese context. It frames the more relevant learning issues in primary math education, presents the most significant initiative of programing and robotics in the Portuguese scene and discuss the potential that computational thinking and robotics offer for learning meaningful mathematics in the early years. It also presents a pilot study in a polytechnic school with the participation of 20 students, future teachers, discussing the main ideas of its development and results.
- Interdisciplinaridade na formação de professoresPublication . Menezes, Luís; Capelo, Ana; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Abrantes, I.; Ribeiro, António Augusto Gaspar; Carvalho, Paula; Novais, Anabela; Mendes, Cristiana; martins, ana patrícia; Rodrigues, Dalila; Gomes, Cristina AzevedoEstão em curso profundas transformações com impactos acentuados na qualidade de vida de cada um. Tais impactos impõem uma reflexão sobre a própria evolução da(s) ciência(s), a sua utilização produtiva à escala real, bem como sobre a formação de profissionais, em geral, e de professores, em particular. De facto, se as mudanças que todos enfrentam são complexas, requerendo respostas de cariz interdisciplinar, a educação parece fechar-se numa matriz curricular e departamental onde é difícil desenvolver uma compreensão profunda dessa complexidade. Reduzir as fronteiras entre as disciplinas tornou-se, nas últimas décadas, matéria de interesse na agenda de organizações internacionais de cooperação, como, por exemplo, a OCDE. Neste enquadramento, implementou-se o projeto PRINT1 que tinha como objetivo central compreender o fenómeno da interdisciplinaridade no ensino superior em contexto da formação inicial de professores. Através da inquirição, por questionário e entrevista, de formadores de professores (professores/coordenadores de curso do ensino superior), pretendeu-se conhecer (i) perspetivas sobre interdisciplinaridade (ID) e (ii) práticas interdisciplinares (PI) em termos de planificação, operacionalização, contextos, avaliação e impactos. Os resultados evidenciam que os professores/coordenadores de curso do ensino superior distinguem interdisciplinaridade de pluridisciplinaridade e que promovem práticas de ensino e contextos de aprendizagem orientados para a promoção de interdisciplinaridade, em modalidades designadas por práticas de comprometimento, instrumentais ou relacionais. O estudo revela também que mais de metade dos professores/coordenadores consideram que as PI proporcionam aos estudantes o desenvolvimento de competências essenciais para a sua formação pessoal e social, para além da formação profissional.
- Algorithmic thinking and creativity: a deck of cards for early childhood educationPublication . Pacheco Figueiredo, Maria; Alves, Valter; Gomes, Diana; Amante, Susana; Sousa, C.; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; P. Duarte, Rui; Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Rego, Belmiro; Evin Gencel, IlkeThe challenges presented to educational systems and researchers about algorithmic thinking are wide and exciting. Several initiatives are working on contributions. In the framework of a European Project focused on algorithmic thinking skills through play-based learning, we undertook the development of a resource for introducing algorithmic thinking to teachers and children in Early Childhood Education. The paper presents the resource, a deck of cards, highlighting its connections to creativity and algorithmic thinking. The paper briefly introduces the research design in place to pilot together with preliminary data from the tests with future teachers and a group of 5 years-old children. The deck of cards has been well received by both future teachers and children. The simple drawings are considered attractive and allow for diverse decisions about what to represent. Conditions, in particular, were well received by children. Further analysis of existing data will provide more information regarding the potential and limitations of the deck of cards.