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- “We Will Never be The Same”: Photovoice Reports From Social Workers of Aged Care During COVID-19Publication . Araújo, Lia; Fontoura, Sofia; Cid‑Fernández, Xosé Manuel; Sousa, LilianaUsing photovoice methodology, this study aimed to capture the perspectives of social workers from aged care services on how the pandemic impacted them at a professional level. This study comprised 12 social workers (aged 22– 41 years; 11 females) who worked in aged care facilities during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on photovoice methodology, as a participatory visual research method focused on individual and community assets and co-creation of knowledge, participants were asked to take photographs and then share the photos and associated narratives in a group session on the topic “Me as a professional: One year of pandemic”. From the thematic analysis, four themes emerged: personal and professional growth (increased resilience, with new perspectives on life), responding to the pandemic (implementation of immediate actions to prevent the virus propagation), teamwork (union among staff), and eyes on the future (with a sense of uncertainty, yet supported by the good lessons learned). The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on aged care facilities, with social workers becoming frontline professionals in a public health crisis. These professionals faced “forced growth” during the pandemic that has transformed them both professionally and personally.
- Psychometric Properties of the CASP-12 Scale in Portugal: An Analysis Using SHARE DataPublication . Rodríguez-Blázquez, Carmen; Ribeiro, Oscar; Ayala, Alba; Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Forjaz, Maria JoãoThe purpose of this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Control, Autonomy, Self-realization, and Pleasure (CASP)-12 scale used in the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project. Data were obtained from a representative sample of 1666 people aged ≥50 years living in Portugal and participating in the SHARE wave 6. In addition to the CASP-12 scale, sociodemographic data and health status, activity limitation (GALI), depression (Euro-D) and satisfaction with life scores were collected. Data quality and acceptability, construct and structural validity and internal consistency of the CASP-12 scale were analyzed. A Rasch analysis was also performed. CASP-12 total score (mean: 33.3; standard deviation: 5.8, range: 12–48) correlated with Euro-D (−0.57) and with life satisfaction (0.52). Mean scores were significantly lower for women, people aged ≥75 years and those with activity limitations and worse health status (p < 0.001). The confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit to the 4-factor model (root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA): 0.07; comparative fit index (CFI): 0.90, χ2 (48) = 444.59, p < 0.001), which was confirmed by Rasch analysis (χ2 (36) = 10.089, p = 0.745, person separation index (PSI) = 0.722 for the 4-factor model). For domains, person separation index ranged 0.31–0.79 and Cronbach’s alpha, 0.37–0.73. In conclusion, the Portuguese version of the CASP-12 scale presents some inadequacies in acceptability, internal consistency and structural validity.
- VRI23: 1st IPViseu Research & Innovation SummitPublication . Costa, Daniela (Ed.); Araújo, Lia (Ed.); Melão, Nuno (Ed.); Correia, Paula (Ed.); Marques Dos Santos, Paula (Ed.); Almeida, Ricardo M.S.F. (Ed.)O Livro de Resumos é o resultado do VRI23 – 1st IPViseu Research & Innovation Summit, na sua primeira edição, organizado no âmbito da Pró-Presidência da Investigação e Inovação e do Conselho Interno da Investigação e Inovação (CI3), do Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. Este primeiro evento procurou divulgar a Investigação e Inovação desenvolvida nas Unidades Orgânicas do IPV, no âmbito dos mestrados, nos anos de 2020 e 2021, nas mais variadas áreas do conhecimento. Para além disto, pretendeu-se ainda proporcionar momentos de partilha na academia e entre a academia e os diversos setores da comunidade envolvente, desde as empresas às organizações sociais, passando pelas entidades da Administração Pública e pelas associações representativas das diversas atividades económicas. Com este ebook, pretendemos, por isso, reforçar a divulgação dos trabalhos desenvolvidos, evidenciando a qualidade dessa produção científica e do seu potencial para contribuir para o desenvolvimento do território, quer ao nível da implementação de novas estratégias, quer ao nível da transferência do conhecimento científico das instituições de ensino superior para o mercado. A aliança entre o ensino superior e o mercado de trabalho deve ser encarada, cada vez mais, como uma prioridade estratégica que assegura o desenvolvimento e a sustentabilidade de todas as organizações. De facto, esta aliança é uma das chaves para a afirmação de todo o nosso território e para responder a todas as vicissitudes e desafios com que nos deparamos, no contexto nacional e internacional. Apenas conhecendo as necessidades e os desafios das nossas organizações, poderemos continuar a consolidar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, direcionando-o para uma investigação aplicada e garantindo a qualificação atualizada e adequada a essas mesmas demandas.
- Coma bem e faça escolhas saudáveisPublication . Araújo, Lia; Sousa, Odete
- Café memória: uma pausa com atividades em grupo e palestras com especialistas para cuidadores de pessoas com demência.Publication . Araújo, Lia; Amante, Maria João; Sousa, Isabel; Alvarez, Catarina; Fonseca, SusanaObjetivos: o presente estudo procura apresentar evidência sobre a preferência dos cuidadores familiares de pessoas com demência que participam no Café Memória acerca da estrutura e funcionamento das sessões. Material y métodos: 68 cuidadores familiares de pessoas com demência de 9 Cafés memória de Portugal participaram neste estudo. São sobretudo mulheres (69.1%), casadas (69.1%), com média de 63.8 anos (DP 12.9), conjugues da pessoa com demência (55.9%), que vivem com o seu familiar com demência (76.7%). A informação, recolhida por um questionário com questões sobre a importância atribuída a cada parte da sessão, atividades e palestras preferidas e sugestões de melhoria, foi analisada com recurso à análise qualitativa e quantitativa e respetivos softwares. Resultados: tanto as palestras como as atividades em grupo são consideradas como muito importantes pela maioria dos cuidadores (71.6% e 60%), sendo o acolhimento realizado à chegado outros dos momentos destacados (65.2%). As atividades referidas como mais importantes foram os jogos de estímulação, as atividades de expressão (artísticas e musicais), histórias de vida, leitura, atividades físicas e passeios. Já nas palestras, foram referidos, por vários participantes, os temas sobre aspetos gerais da demência, como lidar e interagir com as pessoas com demência, sobrecarga dos cuidadores, questões jurídicas, assistência social, cuidados de saúde, nutrição, atividade física e fisioterapia, bem como a participação de cuidadores que partilharam a sua experiência pessoal ao nível das sugestões de melhoria, as questões do espaço e da divulgação foram as mais apontadas. Conclusiones: Conhecer a importância atribuída pelos cuidadores às diferentes atividades em que participaram e as suas sugestões práticas para próximas sessões demonstrou ser uma estratégia importante para a adequação da intervenção às suas verdadeiras necessidades e capacidades.
- Centenarians - A European OverviewPublication . Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Paul, Constança; Ribeiro, OscarAs the oldest continent of the word, Europe presently faces an unprecedented demographic scenario. The number of individuals reaching very advanced ages is growing significantly, and within this age group a very particular one: centenarians. Living up to be 100 years of age, although reachable to only a few of us, is likely to become more common, and this posits important social and health care demands. Long lives’ “secrets” are to be answered by a wide range of professionals like geneticists, biologists, ecologists, and physicians, but also demographers and other social scientists that must disentangle group and individual life trajectories in his- torical time and space, making sense of extraordinary lives that more frequently than ever challenge our imagination as well as our capacity to deliver adequate services and friendly and inclusive societies to accommodate them. With this book, we intend to provide a profile of European centenarians and fill a void on the available information on this population. In an eminently descriptive way, the book intends to first and foremost provide an overview of this population’s characteristics in terms of sex ratio, educational level, marital status, living context and living arrangements, health profiles, and main causes of death. It does not intend to present an extensive justification on the differences observed throughout Europe nor on the geographical tendencies we might observe on their distribution and characteristics. It ultimately aims to provide researchers from these countries and from abroad who are currently working with this population, or intend to do so, an overview of their country outline in comparison with others. The story of how this book came into being dates back to IAGG 2017 World Congress of Gerontology and Geriatrics meeting where we presented a first draft of our work on “Centenarians in Europe”. Three years before we had started collecting data for the first population-based study with centenarians ever conducted in Portugal, the Oporto Centenarian Study (PT100), and wanted to have a global perspective of an up-to-date profile of exceptional longevity at a European level. In conjoining efforts to further elaborate a more detailed profile following IAGG’s presentation, we started receiving a very enthusiastic feedback on the information researchers from other continents, but it mostly reassured the fact that limited amount of systematized information, even at a descriptive level, was available on these matters. In conceptualizing this book, we draw on the expertise gained within the International Centenarian Consortium (ICC) that congregates researchers from all over the world and that has been having regular annual meetings since 1994. Although our presence in the ICC only dates to the meeting of 2014 in Japan, we soon realized the importance of being in touch with some of the world-reference researchers in this field. Some of the ideas we share throughout this book come from those enriching meetings and from the insightful comments we had the chance to receive. Along with the ICC researchers, there is a wide range of people who we would like to express our gratitude. Within such a group we include all the centenarians and their caregivers we had the chance to meet and talk to, and who gave us an unique perspective on what it is like to be that old, and that surely goes far beyond what the numbers we here provide can tell us about them; furthermore, we would also like to express our gratitude to all of the PT100 research team members and faculty colleagues who kept on motivating us in writing the book.
- Gerotranscendence, religiosity, and life satisfaction: a study with clergy and consecrated religious individualsPublication . Abreu, Taiane; Ribeiro, Oscar; Araújo, LiaGerotranscendence explains the psychosocial changes in later life and how one acquires a more transcendent life view. This study seeks to increase the evidence on the association between gerotranscendence, life satisfaction, and religiosity. Specifically, this study aims to: investigate whether the gero- transcendence levels of committed clergy and consecrated reli- gious (CCR) individuals differ from those of non-clergy and non- consecrated religious (non-CCR) persons; to examine if religios- ity is significantly related to gerotranscendence; and to analyze the relationship between life satisfaction and gerotranscen- dence. A total of 55 participants with a mean age of 76.5 (SD 8.9) completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and three scales, one for each construct: gerotranscendence, life satisfac- tion, and religiosity. Results showed that the CCR group pre- sented significantly higher scores on all instruments and that all correlations between scales were significantly positive. Differences between groups help to understand the importance of individual and collective aspects of life circumstances for gerotranscendence development.
- Potentialities of Memory Cafés supporting people with dementia and their caregiversPublication . Araújo, Lia; Amante, Maria João; Alvarez, Catarina; Sousa, IsabelAlzheimer/Memory Cafés recently emerged in several European countries and in North America as an initiative that involves people with dementia, their family/friend car- ers, and all others interested in dementia, focused in sociali- zation with an educational component. The sessions occur monthly and include a presentation on a different topic alternately with a stimulation/recreation activity, as well as refreshments, in a very informal and café-like atmosphere. The present study gathers evidence from eleven Cafés groups developed across Portugal in order to present the impact of this type of intervention in supporting people with dementia and their family members/carers. During the last three years of program implementation, 177 persons with dementia and 737 family members/carers, as well as 142 persons with memory problems and 272 persons interested on this topic have participated on the 226 Cafés sessions that were developed. Qualitative data was collected with a subgroup of family members (N= 50) regarding their opin- ion on the main benefits of attending sessions to themselves and their relatives with dementia. Main key themes from the analysis, such as dementia-friendly environments, where family can be together with their relatives, other caregivers and persons with dementia socializing in the community, and the potential of Cafés for reducing the stigma, obtain- ing information and discussing the disease openly with other persons (e.g., family, carers, professionals, volunteers) are presented and discussed as important potentialities of this type of support available to people with dementia and their carers.
- Successful aging at 100 years: the relevance of subjectivity and psychological resourcesPublication . Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, Laetitia; Paúl, ConstançaVery old individuals seem to present an admirable capacity to overcome adversities and adapt to the challenges of advanced age. However, studies focusing successful pattern of centenarians found that they may easily fail to be categorized as successful agers when objective criteria are applied. The present study examines if centenarians can be considered successful agers. Following Rowe and Kahn's successful aging model, the primary goal was to clarify whether centenarians are able to be successful agers according to objective and subjective criteria of no major disease and disability, high cognitive and physical functioning and engagement with life. The second goal was to investigate whether socio-demographic factors, psychological, social, and economic resources are related to objective and subjective successful aging profiles.
- Importância das Competências de Mediação de Conflitos na Intervenção Socioeducativa com Pessoas IdosasPublication . Fonseca, Susana; Amante, Maria João; Araújo, Lia; Xavier, PaulaObjetivos: Los cambios sociales de las últimas décadas han intensificado los retos a los que se enfrentan los trabajadores sociales, especialmente en el ámbito de las relaciones interpersonales, requiriendo el uso de habilidades, entre las que destaca la mediación de conflictos. Estas acciones son aún más urgentes y desafiantes en la intervención con personas mayores. Los objetivos de este estudio son identificar las percepciones de los alumnos de Educación Social sobre la mediación de conflictos en sus contextos de prácticas, haciendo hincapié en los que trabajan con personas mayores. Material y métodos: Estudio exploratorio mediante un cuestionario diseñado a tal efecto, con preguntas de caracterización personal y de la intervención, sobre la importancia de la mediación y sobre el uso de la mediación de conflictos en el contexto de las prácticas. Han participado 28 alumnas, de un instituto politécnico del centro de Portugal, con una edad media de 25,1 años. La mayoría de los contextos de prácticas de los encuestados son institucionales y la intervención se dirige principalmente a personas mayores. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo (SPSS 27) y un análisis cualitativo (Nvivo 20) de los datos. Resultados: El análisis, en cuanto a la percepción sobre la importancia de utilizar la mediación de conflictos, revela que se atribuye mucha importancia (M=4,7; contextos personas mayores M=4,6), a su(s) contexto(s) de intervención (M=4,6; contextos personas mayores M=4,4) y con los destinatarios de su intervención (M=4,6; contextos personas mayores M=4,4). Las principales razones son promover una mejor interacción y potenciar la gestión/resolución de conflictos. En cuanto al uso de habilidades de mediación de conflictos en sus prácticas, los encuestados informaron de que utilizaban la mediación con frecuencia (M=2,9; contextos de personas mayores M=2,8), utilizando mayoritariamente los roles de facilitador de la comunicación y legitimador y la escucha activa y empática. Conclusiones: Estos resultados refuerzan el reconocimiento de la importancia de la mediación en la intervención socioeducativa y de los conocimientos y habilidades de mediación que los Educadores Sociales deben adquirir y poner en práctica en el desempeño de sus funciones. En lo que respecta específicamente a la mediación de los conflictos con las personas mayores, cabe señalar que ésta tendrá un papel determinante en la promoción de formas saludables de vivir la longevidad, considerando el impacto de su uso en el fortalecimiento y/o mantenimiento de los vínculos sociales y humanos, indispensables para el bienestar emocional de las personas mayores.