CI&DEI - Artigo em ata de evento científico internacional
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- Algorithmic Thinking in Early Childhood Education: Opportunities and Supports in the Portuguese ContextPublication . Figueiredo, Maria Pacheco; Amante, Susana; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Gomes, Cristina Azevedo; Rego, Belmiro; Alves, Valter; Duarte, Rui PedroALGO-LITTLE is an EU-funded project, with partners from Portugal, Italy, Turkey and Slovenia, in search of ways to integrate Algorithmic Thinking skills into preschool education for the purpose of growing future code literates starting from the earliest ages. Algorithmic Thinking stems from the concept of an algorithm, which refers to solving a problem by developing a set of steps taken in a sequence to achieve the desired outcome (Katai, 2014). The concept can be traced to the work of Papert (1980, 1991) and is connected to the seminal article by Wing (2006) that introduced Computational Thinking. Barretal (2011) concluded that in K-12, Algorithmic Thinking involves problem-solving skills and particular dispositions, such as confidence and persistence when confronting particular problems. Early Childhood Education algorithmic skills include abilities to learn and work according to the rules or models since children are capable to understand, use, apply and develop simple algorithms. Children are also capable of analyzing and correcting the sequence of actions to reach results, transferring known methods of actions to new situations, and describing their activities to others in a clear way (Voronina et al., 2016; Games for learning algorithmic thinking, 2017). The paper analyses initiatives, studies, and projects that are connected to Algorithmic Thinking in Early Childhood Education in Portugal. A review of literature was developed, starting with curricular documents for Preschool Education (3 to 6 years old) and other documents from the ICT Educational Policy in the country. The second step was a search in databases for studies and projects that looked into Algorithmic Thinking and Computational Thinking in Early Childhood Education in Portugal. The analyses looked into the following themes: a) what definition and elements of Algorithmic Thinking are present?, b) to which concepts and curricular areas is it connected to?, c) what is expected that children in Early Childhood Education learn in relation to Algorithmic Thinking?, d) to what pedagogical elements is Algorithmic Thinking related to?. In terms of curricular documents, it was found that code has been relevant for Portuguese Early Childhood Education (at least) since 1997. In their first edition, the Portuguese Curricular Guidelines for Pre-School Education (Ministério da Educação, 1997) included computer code as one of the codes children should get acquainted with. This meant its inclusion under the domain “Spoken Language and Introductory Writing”. It was stated that “code” was present and would be necessary in children’s lives and could be used in arts, music, mathematic, or writing (Portuguese) (p. 72). This approach was positively singled out by the OECD report: addressing the topic of ICT in the guidelines interconnected with other forms of communication and information learning (Taguma et al., 2012). In 2016, the Portuguese Curricular Guidelines for Pre-School Education (PCGPSE) were reviewed and this second version amplifies the mentions to technology. The findings include an analysis for each of the six curricular areas and domains. In terms of studies and projects, the “Kids Media Lab Project II” stood out as the only systematic initiative for promoting Computational Thinking in Preschool Education (Pinto, Fernandes & Osório, 2021). In the findings, the main elements of the project are discussed.
- Aprender na educação de infância brincando com uma fita métricaPublication . Figueiredo, Maria; Marchese, M.; Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos; Menezes, Luís; martins, ana patrícia; Ribeiro, AntónioThe study was developed in Master’s Degree in Early Childhood and Primary Education, during the praticum, with children from 3 to 6 years old, focusing on the importance of play. The organization of the educational environment is one of the dimensions of Early Childhood Pedagogy and provides integrated and contextualized learning, namely through opportunities to play significantly in spaces and materials organized with intention, enjoying relationships and time that are also the focus of the pedagogical organization. The study aimed to understand the mathematical activity that children developed with a measuring tape and what meanings they attributed to it. The measuring tape was introduced, without explanation, into the dolls' corner. The qualitative study relayed on participant observation and short interviews with the 18 children in the group. The results showed that the tape was included in the children's play and that different meanings were attributed to it. One group recognized and used the measuring tape to measure; a second group recognized this tool, associated it with measurement, but was not sure how to use it; finally, a third group played with the tape without recognizing its function. The complexity of the meanings attributed by children and their ability to share and co-construct meaning during play reveal the potential of this activity and the importance of enriching the play areas, as well as of the opportunity to reflect on their experiences.
- Art Practice in Collaborative Virtual EnvironmentsPublication . Sousa, Catarina Carneiro de; Eustáquio, LuísThis article addresses and characterises creative art processes in Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs), examining how most art works in CVEs escape and resist taxonomic classification given their unstable and fluid nature, which is often open and participatory.
- Articulando o português e a matemática através da literatura para a infânciaPublication . Menezes, Luís; Melão, DulceEste estudo assenta numa experiência de ensino realizada no âmbito da formação inicial de professores, no 1.º ano do mestrado profissionalizante, na unidade curricular (UC) “Linguagens e Representações em Português e Matemática” (LRPM). Esta UC, da área da docência Português e Matemática, funciona em articulação e está fundada em duas ideias fortes: (i) a análise e conceção de episódios de ensino de natureza problemática constitui uma forma poderosa de conduzir os futuros professores a construir o seu conhecimento pedagógico de conteúdo para ensinar; e (ii) a literatura para a infância constitui um contexto favorável à aprendizagem articulada de Português e de Matemática. Estas ideias levaram-nos a desenhar uma experiência de ensino em que se recorreu a três livros-álbum com potencial didático. Em todos os episódios, foi proposto aos formandos o roteiro seguinte:(1) analise o episódio e explique como daria continuidade à discussão; (2) tendo como base o episódio apresentado, identifique e aprofunde os conceitos envolvidos e repense a sua continuidade; e (3) compare as duas propostas. A partir desta experiência de ensino, procuramos compreender: (i) como os futuros professores desenvolvem o seu conhecimento pedagógico de conteúdo de Matemática e de Português; (ii) como integram e valorizam a literatura para a infância na construção do seu conhecimento. Utilizando uma metodologia qualitativa e interpretativa, recolhemos dados dos trabalhos escritos dos formandos, organizados em pequenos grupos, nos episódios desenvolvidos. Os resultados mostram que os futuros professores desenvolvem o seu conhecimento para ensinar Matemática e Português e valorizam a literatura para a infância como suporte dessa aprendizagem, reencontrando, concomitantemente, modos renovados de fruição na leitura.
- O Avatar como Corpo ExpressivoPublication . Sousa, Catarina Carneiro deEste estudo analisa o uso de avatares em um ambiente mediado, em particular a sua contribuição para a produção de uma corporeidade virtual. Esta investigação concentra-se na experiência de corporeidade em ambientes virtuais multiutilizador sociais e nas affordances de avatares nesse contexto. O avatar apresenta-se como o signo visível de um corpo distribuído, produzido em conjunto peloo utilizador, código e hardware.
- Case study of a project-based learning experience at the Polytechnic of Viseu, PortugalPublication . Delplancq, Véronique; Amante, Susana; Costa, Cristina Amaro Da; Costa Lopes, Ana Maria; Coutinho, Emília; Fidalgo, Susana; Gillain, Romain; Lopez, Patricia; Oliveira, Isabel; Pereira, José; Relvas, Susana; Roush, PaulaPedagogical innovation is at the centre of higher education (HE) priorities, with a view to renewing its practices and thus motivating students and providing experiences in line with their professional context. Improvement in foreign languages (FL), especially with students who are not likely to receive further language training, requires awareness of this query, inasmuch as competences in FL in the work environment are unanimously recognized as vital and so rightly included in the training plans. The project-based learning approach in an interdisciplinary and collaborative work perspective, using multimodality in communication, is a consistent asset that allows for work to be carried out, comprising the various dimensions of language in French and English, in their connections with cognitive representations. JASM (Open window onto the world: foreign languages, multimodal creativity and pedagogical innovation in higher education) project aims to develop an experience of active pedagogy at the School of Education of Viseu from the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu (Portugal)with undergraduate students in Media Studies enrolled in the various FL curricular units. Among the subjects of the study plan, students work on photography, digital art and cultural communication. The students start off by collecting information on the cultural and linguistic diversity of the city of Viseu (Beira Alta, Portugal). The project enhances the acquisition of multilingual skills and the development of plurilingual awareness, due to the attention given to the various dimensions of language (aesthetic and emotional, in addition to cognitive), in a creative, collaborative and interdisciplinary work environment. Based on an interview, students write the story (in French and English) of the life of migrants. Through captioned photographs, students highlight the aspect of the migrant’s family life which stands out the most. Based on an object (associated with religion, a tradition or with a ritual), students create an animated film, also in both languages (exploration of material culture and digital scenography). The outcome of such productions will be the subject of publications on social media, exhibitions, also being displayed at events and in an e-book. In this project, the topic of interdisciplinarity is highlighted, combining FL with digital art. The evolution, both of the students’ learning and of the teachers’ role in the whole process, is assessed, using tests carried out at the beginning and at the end of the project, including monitoring in the middle of the development of the project.
- Citizenship education and pedagogical practices of the teacher of the 1st cycle of basic educationPublication . Costa, Ana Sofia; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Rocha, JoãoCitizenship Education is being increasingly debated, due to social changes that are rapidly occurring. Nowadays, the school must take on new challenges that should be reflected in teachers’ pedagogical practices. This is where school gains prominence as a main agent in the formation of active citizens, capable of contributing to the development and well-being of the society in which they live, by educating them for citizenship. Therefore, the present investigation aimed to understand if Citizenship Education is a disciplinary area valued by teachers in the 1st Cycle of Basic Education (CEB) [years 1-4] in the classroom, based in their perspectives. For this, we tried to verify how often Citizenship Education is addressed, in the classroom; to know the importance attributed to this subject in the various areas of student training; to identify those responsible for selecting the content covered in Citizenship Education; and to analyse the thematic areas of Citizenship Education more and less worked on in the classroom. To this end, we carried out a descriptive research using a questionnaire sent to a non-probabilistic sample of ninety-one 1st CEB teachers working in the municipality of Viseu (Portugal). The data showed that teachers attribute relevance to Citizenship Education teaching in various areas of educational action, and approach it quite frequently in their teaching practice. It was also observed that content selection responsibility rests mainly over teachers and students, and that there are thematic areas of Citizenship little addressed, such as the European Dimension of Education, or the of Education for Entrepreneurship. Considering that school is a privileged space for citizenship development, it is required that teachers guide their pedagogical practices towards themes on which it is necessary to reflect, in order to promote the development of social skills from a very early age.
- Conjectures and democratization of higher education: the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu casePublication . Sousa, Luis Nuno Figueiredo eHigher education in Portugal its characterized by the implementation, in the last two decades of the XX century, of a binary system: university and polytechnic studies. The establishment of polytechnic education allowed an effective democratization of the access to higher education. However, this process took time to be implemented and we still verify, today, persistent dichotomies with the university system. Nevertheless, it is unquestionable that, the institution of this higher education system, allowed a redistribution of the regional offer and the possibility for young people, coming from socioeconomically disadvantaged sectors of society, to have access to higher education, contributing to reducing geographic, social, and economic contrasts. In this reflection, we intend to address the specific case of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, as the first institution of polytechnic education created at national level. We have revised the data obtained in several investigations that took place between 2006 and 2020 (557 surveys), in search of, in a longitudinal perspective, to verify the changes in the social profiles of its students, in their access to higher education, their motivations and professional expectations.
- Criatividade e Arte em Mundos VirtuaisPublication . Sousa, Catarina Carneiro de; Eustáquio, LuísOs mundos virtuais são um meio de crescente relevância. Oferecem possibilidades únicas para criação e interação, sendo por isso objeto de utilização e investigação em numerosas áreas. Este artigo estuda a prática artística em mundos virtuais. Através da discussão de projetos artísticos selecionados pela sua abrangência e pertinência, são definidas tipologias de arte em mundos virtuais. Estas tipologias identificam um conjunto de funcionalidades indispensáveis à realização desses projetos, que no seu conjunto, evidenciam as três affordances fundamentais para o conceito de Ambiente Virtual Colaborativo Criativo: criação, colaboração e distribui- ção. Definindo as fundações necessárias a uma plataforma criativa, aberta à colaboração e partilha, este estudo contribui para o futuro de mundos virtuais enquanto local para a co-criação de conteúdo e significado, por comunidades artísticas e pelo público geral.
- Desafios e tensões de professores de matemática na dinamização de discussões em temas da ÁlgebraPublication . Rodrigues, Cátia; Menezes, Luís; Da Ponte, João PedroWhole class discussions have come to be seen in mathematics teaching as a tool available to teachers to promote their students’ learning, insofar as they can involve them in the presentation and justification of previously selected strategies for solving mathematical tasks. In these discussions, the teacher relies on his/her didactic knowledge of mathematics to carry out a set of teaching actions to involve the students in the classroom discourse. The orchestration of these actions generates tensions in teachers, especially when they try to reconcile the discussion of important mathematical ideas with students’ participation. In this research, part of a larger study, we try to understand the tensions that three mathematics teachers face in leading whole class discussions based on algebraic tasks and how they try to overcome them. This qualitative and interpretative study is based on case studies of three teachers who are part of a collaborative group. Data were collected by interview, participant observation of teachers’ classes and collaborative work sessions and documentary analysis. Data analysis is based on a recursive process that led to the construction of formal categories, supported by the theoretical framework. The results show that teachers face diverse tensions when they try to involve the students in sharing and justifying algebraic ideas, recognizing that collaboration and planning the discussions are important mechanisms to help them cope with these tensions.