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- O ruído em neonatologia : perceção dos profissionais de saúdePublication . Silva, Ernestina Maria Veríssimo Batoca; Ramos, Ana Cristina Faria Silva; Duarte, João Carvalho; Silva, Daniel MarquesEnquadramento: É reconhecido o impacto negativo do ruído no recém-nascido em unidades de neonatologia, bem como nos pais e profissionais de saúde, sendo importante a sensibilização para a redução e controlo deste agente stressor. Objetivos: Identificar a perceção dos profissionais de saúde sobre o ruído em neonatologia. Metodologia: Estudo quali-quantitativo e descritivo. Amostra não probabilística com 52 profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se um questionário ad-hoc construído para o efeito. Resultados: Os profissionais, na sua maioria, consideram a unidade de neonatologia ruidosa, incómoda no desempenho de funções e consideram existir efeitos adversos do ruído, apesar de apresentarem poucos conhecimentos sobre os valores de decibéis recomendados para uma unidade neonatal. Conclusão: A perceção dos profissionais de saúde sobre o ruído indica a necessidade de implementação de um programa de redução de ruído. Considerou-se pertinente a formação e envolvimento da equipa, de forma a serem elementos ativos e mobilizadores na adoção de medidas que promovam um ambiente acusticamente mais saudável para o recém-nascido e bem-estar dos pais e dos profissionais de saúde.
- Revalidação do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida Académica para os Estudantes do Ensino Superior Politécnico PortuguêsPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Campos, Sofia; Guiné, Raquel; Duarte, João; Abrantes, José Luís; Cabral, Lídia
- Competências emocionais e prevenção do abandono nos estudantes do ensino superior politécnicoPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Duarte, João; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Rosário Cabral, Lídia; Guiné, Raquel; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Alves, CândidaCONTEXTO: Nos últimos anos, a comunidade científica foi tomando consciência da importância do desenvolvimento de competências emocio - nais para o sucesso escolar e profissional dos estudantes. OBJETIVO(S): Identificar os fatores que influenciam o abandono escolar dos estudantes do ensino superior politécnico. Analisar a relação entre as competências emocionais e o abandono escolar dos estudantes do Ensino Superior Politécnico. METODOLOGIA: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e correlacional. O instrumento de recolha de dados utilizado foi questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica dos estudantes e dos pais, a Escala de Motivos para Abandono do Ensino Superior (Ambiel, 2015) e a Escala Com - petências Emocionais (Taksic’, 2000), adaptada para Portugal por Faria e Santos (2006). Amostra constituída por 560 estudantes do ensino superior a frequentarem o 1.º ano do curso. RESULTADOS: Participaram 560 estudantes do ensino superior a frequentarem o 1.º ano do curso, maioritariamente feminina (69,3%), com uma idade mínima de 18 anos e uma máxima de 30 anos, correspondendo-lhe uma média de 19,76 anos (±2,06 anos), 36,6% da área da tecnologia. O sexo influenciou o abandono escolar dos estudantes do ensino superior, sendo os estudantes do sexo feminino os que revelam mais motivos para o abandono (p=0,010). Os estudantes cujas mães se encontram ativas profissionalmente manifestam mais Intenção de abandono (p=0,035). A per- ceção emocional, a expressão emocional e a capacidade de lidar com as emoções foram preditoras da intenção de abandono escolar. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de inclusão nos programas de intervenção contra o abandono escolar, das variáveis sexo, idade e algumas dimensões das competências emocionais, para minimizar, assim, as suas consequências, quer para os estudantes, quer para a própria sociedade.
- Estudo comparativo da perceção de resiliência por pais e crianças adolescentesPublication . Aparício, Graça; Ferreira, Manuela; Duarte, João; Silva, Ernestina; Cunha, Madalena; Bica, Isabel; Albuquerque, Carlos; Cabral, LídiaObjetivo: Caracterizar a auto-perceção de resiliência das crianças e adolescentes; analisar as diferenças na perceção dos pais e sua relação com algumas variáveis de contexto sociodemográfico. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado no âmbito do Projeto MaiSaúdeMental, numa amostra não probabilística de conveniência de 567 crianças e adolescentes, 50,6% do sexo feminino, idade entre 9-17 anos (média=12,40; Dp= 1,59 anos) de escolas do ensino básico da região centro de Portugal e 592 pais (média idade=40,43 anos; Dp= 2,58 anos). Utilizou-se um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e a subescala Internal Assets do Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment Module (versão 6.0), adaptada à população Portuguesa por Martins (2005), composta por 18 itens e seis dimensões. Resultados: Das crianças / adolescentes 78,8% moravam com os pais. Dos progenitores a maioria tinha entre 40 e 41 anos. A resiliência foi classificada como moderada por 47,8%, das crianças / adolescentes, numa distribuição idêntica pelos pais. O test-t mostrou que as crianças têm uma auto-percepção mais positiva de resiliência, face à percepção dos pais, com diferenças significativas em todas as dimensões (p <0,000). Os pais mais jovens têm uma perceção mais positiva da resiliência dos filhos, mas apenas significativa na empatia (p = 0,036) e resolução de problemas (p = 0,001). A resiliência diminuiu significativamente com o aumento da idade e escolaridade e foi mais elevada em crianças que vivem com os pais. Conclusão: Os resultados do estudo evidenciam diferenças entre a perceção de resiliência nas crianças e pais, sendo esta influenciada por características sociodemográficas.
- Influence of emotional determinants on the portuguese food choicesPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Ferrão, Ana Cristina; Correia, Paula; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Ferreira, Manuela; Duarte, JoãoFood choices are a complex system influenced by many factors, such as for example, environmental, political, physiological and emotional. It is well established in the literature that, not only, emotions influence what people choose to eat, but also people’s food choices influence their emotions. Emotional eating is defined as the tendency to eat more in response to negative emotions and can lead to several health problems, namely obesity and eating disorders. Since this is an emergent problem in today’s society, the main goal of this study was to analyse the influence that emotional determinants had on people‘s food choices and also investigate in what extension the particular characteristics of an individual affect the influence that emotional determinants had on people’s food choices. For that purpose, it was created a questionnaire and undertaken a descriptive cross-sectional study on a non-probabilistic sample of 1314 Portuguese participants. To measure the influence that emotional determinants had on the participant’s food choices it was used a scale ranging from -2 to +2, which can be interpreted as follows: [-2.0; -1.5[ - food choices not at all influenced by emotional determinants; [-1.5; -0.5[ - food choices not influenced by emotional determinants; [-0.5; 0.5[ - food choices slightly influenced by emotional determinants; [0.5; 1.5[ - food choices influenced by emotional determinants; [1.5; 2.0] - food choices strongly influenced by emotional determinants. The results revealed that the participants’ food choices were, in general, slightly influenced by emotional determinants (mean scores between -0.5 and 0.5, on scale from -2 to +2). Furthermore, were found significant differences between the groups of all the variables under study (age group, gender, level of education, professional status, area of work or studies, BMI class and the fact that the participants had already experienced an episode of any eating disorder). The participants who already experienced a binge-eating episode were the ones that obtained the highest mean score (0.63 ± 0.79), meaning that in this case, the food choices of those participants were influenced by emotional determinants. Therefore, this study suggests that emotional determinants are influenced by the characteristics of each individual and also that there seems to be a positive association between emotional eating and the existence of eating disorders, especially, binge-eating. Hence, these findings are important to develop and implement strategies that can increase healthier eating habits.
- Exclusion Experiences in the academy: challenges to interculturalityPublication . Coutinho, Emília; Oliveira, A.; Reis, C.; Oliveira, Isabel; Maltez, L.; Osório, S.; Parreira, V.; Nelas, Paula; Margarida Correia Balula Chaves, Cláudia; Antunes, Sandra Maria Gouveia; Marques Dos Santos, Paula; Duarte, JoãoIntrodução Relatos de vivências de exclusão académica apresentam-se como desafios às instituições de ensino superior (IES) na sua capacidade de desenvolverem, mas também de aplicarem políticas promotoras de interculturalidade; Objetivos Conhecer as práticas institucionais interpretadas como barreiras à inclusão e desafios à interculturalidade; e desocultar os sentimentos vividos pela comunidade académica em contextos experienciados que considerem de exclusão; Métodos Estudo qualitativo, fenomenológico-hermenêutico com recurso à entrevista fenomenológica a trinta membros da comunidade académica (estudantes, docentes e não docentes) de uma IES de Portugal, de abril a julho de 2019, com suporte a análise qualitativa de dados apoiada pelo Nvivo12. Este trabalho insere-se num projeto mais alargado intitulado “Práticas inclusivas no Ensino Superior: O desafio de construir comunidade”, autorizado pela Comissão de Ética da Instituição envolvida; Resultados Apresentam-se as categorias “Barreiras à inclusão na instituição” e “Sentimentos vivenciados em experiências de exclusão”. As barreiras à inclusão na instituição mais referenciadas foram barreiras arquitetónicas e desunião hierárquica na instituição. No que concerne aos sentimentos vivenciados em experiências de exclusão, os participantes referenciaram essencialmente o sentir-se desvalorizado, a solidão e a tristeza; Conclusões. As barreiras arquitetónicas da instituição, o sentir-se desvalorizado, a solidão e a tristeza são os principais desafios institucionais à inclusão e interculturalidade.
- Emotional Skills and Promotion of School Success: Preliminary Data of an Intervention Programme with ParentsPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Duarte, João; Campos, Sofia; Margarida Correia Balula Chaves, Cláudia; Felizardo, Sara; Cardoso, Ana PaulaAn intervention with the parents was carried out, which integrates a broader line of research, involving both teachers and students. This consists in the implementation of a programme of promotion of personal and parental skills, during half a year, in which a pre-test is executed followed by the implementation programme and a post-test to compare the results. The instruments used in the two moments of the research included questionnaires to obtain sociodemographic data, the PANAS Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Emotional Intelligence Scale. The preliminary action-research study involved 5 parents of pupils from two classes of a school in the centre of Portugal, who showed disruptive behaviours in the 7th year of schooling. The parents showed a very favourable perception regarding their participation in the programme, considering that it helped them perceive some behaviours and practices less adjusted to their performance, for instance at home (shouting, scolding, etc.). From the pre-test to the post-test, there were statistically significant differences in the evaluation of one's own emotions and their use, as well as evidence of an improvement in positive affects and satisfaction with life. Preliminary data on this parental empowerment programme point to the importance of raising awareness about its action, as well as the need to change traditional educational practices that contribute to the demobilization of children in the face of school tasks. The need to establish a closer and more systematic contact with teachers was also highlighted in order to meet their needs and expectations.
- Exploring Lifestyle Factors and Treatment Adherence among Older Adults with Hypertension Attending a Mobile Health Unit (MHU) in a Rural Area of Central PortugalPublication . Pinto, Cátia; Margarida Correia Balula Chaves, Cláudia; Duarte, João; Raposo, António; Zandonadi, Renata Puppin; Monteiro, Sara; Teixeira-Lemos, EditeThis cross-sectional and analytical study aimed to characterize a sample of hypertensive older adults attending a Mobile Health Unit (MHU) in a rural area of central Portugal according to their lifestyle and to analyze the impact of lifestyles on treatment adherence. The sample comprised 235 Portuguese hypertense patients, mainly females (63.8%) with a mean age of 75 years (±8.14 years) and low level of education. The data collection was carried out through a questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions, dietary variables, an Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire, an International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Short Version), a Nutrition Health Determination Questionnaire, a Self-Care with Hypertension Scale, and an Adherence to Treatments Measurement Scale. Only 34.5% of the hypertensive patients have controlled blood pressure values (28.2% men and 38% women). However, more than half (56.2%) of the hypertensive patients are classified as adherent to therapeutic measures. The hypertensive individuals, who present higher levels of adherence to the treatment, do not present alcohol dependence, are frequent consumers of aromatic herbs, sporadically consume salt, present good nutritional health, and practice moderate physical activity. The predictor variables for treatment adherence are the self-care dimensions general dietary (p = 0.001), specific dietary (p = 0.034), physical activity (p = 0.031), and antihypertensive medication intake (p < 0.001). Hypertensive patients with healthier lifestyles present better levels of treatment adherence. Therefore, promoting physical activity and healthy dietary practices is necessary to improve treatment adherence and increase antihypertensive treatment’s effectiveness.
- Higher education students’ dropout intention: relational factors and life managementPublication . Ferreira, Manuela; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Guiné, Raquel; Duarte, João; Abrantes, José Luís; Rosário Cabral, Lídia; Balula, JessicaSchool dropouts are a problem with which educational systems have been struggling over the last years. This issue, that may jeopardize the quality of the school institution and of the education system itself, tends to get more and more serious and may be related to the students’ Quality of Academic Life (QAL) and to the formal nature of the learning processes. To identify the relationship between the Quality of Academic Life and higher education students’ dropout intentions and to analyse the impact of some socio-demographic variables on higher education students’ dropout intention were the main objectives that were defined for this study. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study was conducted. In order to collect the data that will be used in our study, we used a questionnaire that allowed us to gather information about the demographic characterization of the students and of their parents and the Brazilian Reasons for Higher Education Dropout Scale (M-ES; 2015). The sample consists of 891 students from polytechnic higher education institutions who were attending courses in different scientific fields. Participants are mostly female (68.2%), with a mean age of 19.68 years (± 2.34 years). Students who are ≤ 19 years old are those who show a better quality of life in dimension that involve their personal and interpersonal lives, their study conditions, their institutional life and their overall quality of life. Female students exhibit higher ratings when they refer to the quality of their personal life, their career, their study conditions, to their institutional and their overall quality of life, while male students reveal a better interpersonal quality of life. The causes of school dropout in higher education are multiple and the implementation of interventions that can provide students with an easier and better academic and institutional integration are increasingly important, a procedure that will involve the strengthening of the support provided by the academic services in order to better monitor and optimize processes and to provide more information about the requirements of academic life.
- The motivations that define eating patterns in some Mediterranean countriesPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Ferrão, Ana Cristina; Ferreira, Manuela; Correia, Paula; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Duarte, João; Rumbak, Ivana; Shehata, Abdel-Moneim; Vittadini, Elena; Papageorgiou, MariaPurpose: This study is part of the international project EATMOT, designed to investigate several issues related to food choice and consumption patterns in different countries, including health related factors; economic and availability aspects; emotional determinants; social, cultural and religious influences; marketing and advertising campaigns and finally environmental concerns. Methodology: The present study was based on a questionnaire that was exclusively prepared for the project, and which was applied to collect data in different countries, in particular Croatia, Egypt, Italy, Greece and Portugal, which are typically associated with the Mediterranean diet. Findings: The results obtained allowed, in general, to conclude that in all 5 countries the motivations related to health as well as environment & politics were the more relevant to determine people’s eating habits (scores varying from 0.3 to 0.7). Women were more influenced by eating motivations than men, and people with moderate exercise were more susceptible to health and environmental motivations and less to emotional, social or marketing motivations (p <0.001 in all cases). It was also observed that people who adopted a special diet were more prone to eating motivations and that the emotional motivations were more pronounced in people with eating disorders (p <0.001). Finally, people without chronic diseases or allergies were even more influenced by health motivations than those who actually suffered from these health problems (p <0.001 in both cases). Originality/Value: This work is important due to the multinational coverage, thus allowing to evaluate the most relevant factors that influenced the food choices of the populations around the Mediterranean Sea, sharing the common link to the Mediterranean Diet. The study allowed concluding that, in general, the food choices were primarily determined by health factors, and also by concerns related to the environment and sustainability as well as by political influences.