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- Chemical and Physical Properties of Some Hazelnut Varieties Grown in PortugalPublication . Ferrão, Ana Cristina; Guiné, Raquel P. F.; Ramalhosa, Elsa; Lopes, Arminda; Rodrigues, Cláudia Filipa; Martins, Hugo; Gonçalves, Roberto; Correia, PaulaHazelnuts are one of the most appreciated nuts worldwide due to their unique organoleptic and nutritional characteristics. The present work intended to analyse several physical and chemical properties of different hazelnut varieties grown in Portugal, namely Tonda de Giffoni, Grada de Viseu, Segorbe, Longa de Espanha, Butler, Gunslebert, and Negreta. In general, the results revealed statistically significant differences between the varieties under study. The Gunslebert had more elongated hazelnuts and with heavier shelled fruits, while the kernels of the Grada de Viseu revealed to be heavier. Grada de Viseu was harder in the shell, Gunslebert had a harder core, and Segorbe was more resistant to fracture. Fat was the more representative component for all varieties and in some cases the values of moisture and water activity were over the recommended amount (≥0.62). Tonda de Giffoni was the variety with the highest induction time, indicating the highest oxidation stability. Moreover, discriminant analysis revealed that the variables more important to distinguish the varieties were protein (λ = 0.007) and water activity (λ = 0.010). The results of this study help to better understand the differences between some hazelnut varieties that are cultivated in Portugal, which gives important hints for all players in the hazelnut sector.
- Produção de farinha de larvas e pupas de zângãoPublication . Correia, Paula; Vouga, C.; Coelho, C.; Guiné, Raquel P. F.; Costa, Cristina Amaro DaA técnica da remoção dos quadros de zângão, utilizada no controlo do ácaro Varroa destructor, pode proporcionar uma fonte alternativa de alimento, sendo para isso necessário desenvolver técnicas simples e viáveis de extração e utilização das larvas e pupas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo testar dois métodos de extração, o método de extração a frio e a quente. Após a recolha os quadros foram congelados para garantir a sua conservação. Seguiu-se a extração das larvas e pupas através de métodos de extração a frio e extração quente (imersão em água a ferver). A extração a frio foi realizada manualmente com duas condições: sala fria (61ºC); superfície fria. Os rendimentos de extração variaram entre 62,57,5% e 84,94,0%, respetivamente para a superfície fria e para a extração a quente. Os tempos de extração mais elevado foi para a extração a frio em sala fria (336,342,4 segundos) e o mais baixo para a superfície fria (246,830,1 segundos). As larvas e pupas foram submetidas a dois tipos de desidratação: vaporização e liofilização. A vaporização escureceu demasiado as larvas e pupas não se revelando um bom processo de secagem. Deste modo, a farinha foi produzida a partir da trituração das larvas e pupas secadas por liofilização (até peso constante). Nutricionalmente as farinhas apresentaram-se ricas em proteína e gordura. Este novo produto poderá proporcionar o aumento do rendimento da atividade apícola, benefícios nutricionais e usos na produção de novos produtos à base de farinha de zângão.
- Food product development: whey cheese with pumpkin jamPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Costa, Elisa; Santos, Sandra; Correia, Ana Cristina; Correia, Paula; Pato, LúciaIn Portugal a popular desert is whey cheese with pumpkin jam. However, these two products are only sold separately. Having in mind that the production of a combination of these two would be potentially interesting for new food commercializing, studies were conducted on the development of this new food product. A sensorial evaluation and a consumer study were conducted to perceive how consumers accepted this new product. The sensorial evaluation consisted of a descriptive analysis, with a panel of 17 tasters. The parameters evaluated using five points hedonic scales were: homogeneity in colour, homogeneity of the product, milk aroma, intensity of aroma, intensity of taste, salty taste, milk taste, sweetness, consistency and presence of granules. The results of the classification given to the different parameters evaluated in the sensorial analysis showed that only the salty taste received a classification of 2 (in a scale of 1 to 4), whereas all the others had 4 or 5, indicating that the panellists appreciated the product. Regarding the consumer study, this was performed by applying questionnaires to 100 persons. The results showed that almost 60 % of the enquired referred liking whey cheese with pumpkin jam. As to the frequency of consumption, the majority does it monthly, but there is still a good deal of people who do it daily. From the results obtained, it can be inferred that this product can be a successful innovation in the Portuguese dairy industry.
- Effect of Drying Temperature on the Physical-chemical and Sensorial Properties of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)Publication . Guiné, Raquel; Correia, Paula; Correia, Ana Cristina; Gonçalves, Fernando; Brito, Mariana; Ribeiro, JéssicaBackground: Eggplant is an important crop, being cultivated and consumed in many countries. However, like other vegetables, is highly perishable and has a short shelf life. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hot air drying on some physical, chemical and sensorial properties of eggplant. Methods: Eggplant samples were dried in convective chambers at constant temperatures of 50, 60, 70 and 80°C. The fresh and dried samples were evaluated for moisture, water activity, vitamin C, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, colour and texture. To complement the study, a sensorial evaluation was made by a consumer panel. Results: The results showed that drying decreased importantly the contents of vitamin C and phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant activity. Moreover, the negative impact was higher for higher drying temperatures. Drying also altered the colour, turning the samples darker. The textural properties were similarly considerably altered by drying, although the temperature did not show significant influence. Regarding the sensorial evaluation, even though it allowed establishing the sensory profiles of the dried samples, it was not possible to clearly distinguish among them, particularly the global appreciation. Conclusion: It was concluded that the drying operation substantially changed the physical, chemical and sensory properties of eggplant. Furthermore, the drying temperature had higher effect on the chemical components and colour and nor so much on the texture.
- Consumers’ Perceptions about Edible Insects’ Nutritional Value and Health Effects: Study Involving 14 CountriesPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Florença, Sofia De Guiné E; Costa, Cristina Amaro Da; Correia, Paula; Boustani, Nada M.; Matran, Irina; Jakšić, Krešimir; Chuck-Hernández, Cristina; Bartkiene, Elena; Djekic, Ilija; Papageorgiou, Maria; Arias, Leticia G.; Korzeniowska, Malgorzata; Černelič-Bizjak, Maša; Klava, Dace; Ferreira, Vanessa; Damarli, Emel; Ferreira, ManuelaDownload PDFsettingsOrder Article Reprints This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Open AccessFeature PaperArticle Consumers’ Perceptions about Edible Insects’ Nutritional Value and Health Effects: Study Involving 14 Countries by Raquel P. F. Guiné 1,*ORCID,Sofia G. Florença 1ORCID,Cristina A. Costa 1ORCID,Paula M. R. Correia 1ORCID,Nada M. Boustani 2ORCID,Irina Matran 3ORCID,Krešimir Jakšić 4ORCID,Cristina Chuck-Hernández 5ORCID,Elena Bartkiene 6ORCID,Ilija Djekic 7ORCID,Maria Papageorgiou 8ORCID,Leticia G. Arias 9ORCID,Malgorzata Korzeniowska 10ORCID,Maša Černelič-Bizjak 11ORCID,Dace Klava 12ORCID,Vanessa Ferreira 13ORCID,Emel Damarli 14ORCID andManuela Ferreira 15ORCID 1 CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal 2 Faculty of Business and Administration, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon 3 Department of Community Nutrition and Food Safety, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania 4 Department of Psychology, University of Zadar, 23000 Zadar, Croatia 5 Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey 64849, Mexico 6 Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania 7 Department of Food Safety and Quality Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 8 Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece 9 BALAT Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24071 León, Spain 10 Faculty of Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland add Show full affiliation list * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Animals 2024, 14(11), 1631; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14111631 Submission received: 6 May 2024 / Revised: 25 May 2024 / Accepted: 29 May 2024 / Published: 30 May 2024 Downloadkeyboard_arrow_down Versions Notes Simple Summary Climate change is one of the drivers of change towards sustainable food systems food security. Therefore, food security is a priority all around the world and across different sectors of society. Edible insects are recommended as a sustainable source of food of animal origin, but their acceptance is very diverse across cultures and countries. Therefore, our work investigated the perceptions of consumers about edible insects in 14 countries. We concluded that depending on origin, the level of knowledge is different, which is a starting point to design more focused campaigns to promote EIs, not only in non-insect-eating countries, but also in insect-eating countries. Better knowledge about the health effects of EIs and their nutritive value is a driver of change. Abstract Insects have been consumed for time immemorial in many regions of the globe. However, in other parts, they are not traditionally eaten. Because they are a more sustainable source of animal protein and provide valuable nutrients as well as bioactive compounds with beneficial effects on the human body, their consumption is encouraged. Knowledge can serve as a tool for better acceptance of insects as food. In this context, the present work investigated the knowledge about the nutritional value and health effects of edible insects in different countries. Data were collected by employing a questionnaire survey translated into the different languages of all participating countries and were treated using statistical tools. A total of 7222 responses were obtained. The results indicated that for many issues, the participants manifested a neutral opinion (neither agree nor disagree), but the participants who manifested agreement/disagreement were generally well informed. They were also able to identify untrue facts and answer accordingly by disagreeing. Factor analysis showed four groups of questions: nutritive value, negative perception and risks, safety and benefits of insects and contamination and harmful components. Finally, significant differences were observed according to the sociodemographic variables studies (sex, age, education, living environment and country), with age and country being the most influential of the sociodemographic factors on knowledge. Therefore, increasing knowledge is envisaged as an essential factor in augmenting the recognition of edible insects as a nutritional food, presenting health benefits apart from being a more sustainable source of animal protein when compared with beef or pork meats.
- Designing training in organic farming on a multinational basisPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Costa, Daniela; Correia, Paula; Costa, Cristina Amaro Da; Esteves Correia, Helena; Castro, Moises; Guerra, Luis T; Seeds, Catherine; Coll, Collette; Radics, Laszlo; Arslan, Meahmet; Soylu, Soner; Tothova, Monika; Toth, Peter; Basile, SalvatorePurpose – The purpose of this paper is to obtain information to characterize potential trainees seeking training programs about organic farming in the form of mobile learning. This information is expected to allow for establishing a set of guidelines to design mobile training opportunities that could match the potential clients ’ wishes. Design/methodology/approach – For this survey an on-line questionnaire was used, translated into the languages of the participating countries (Portugal, Spain, Slovakia, Hungary, UK, Italy and Turkey), and in the end 133 consented valid questionnaires were obtained. The data analysis was made with SPSS and included basic descriptive statistics, crosstabs and χ 2 tests, considering a level of significance of 5 per cent. Findings – The results obtained in the present study indicate that designing training programs in organic farming for a wide target population should attend to the differences between countries, which showed to significantly influence the preferences of the possible clients for this type of training.Practical implications – This study provided valuable information for use in the preparation of training programs for adults who want to expand their knowledge on organic farming, in order to prepare courses more in accordance with their preferences. Originality/value – The fact that the study was undertaken in several countries, including North, Central and South Europe, is a positive indicator that globally accepted courses could be implemented successfully. To the knowledge no such work was undertaken up to the present, thus confirming the originality of the study presented.
- Study about some environmental factors that determine people’s food choices in 16 different countriesPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Ferreira, Manuela; Correia, Paula; Leal, Marcela; Ferreira, Vanessa; Rumbak, Ivana; EL-Kenawy, Ayman; Papageorgiou, Maria; Szucs, Viktória; Vittadini, Elena; Klava, Dace; Bartkiene, Elena; Munoz, Lucia; Korzeniowska, Malgorzata; Tarcea, Monica; Djekic, Ilija; Bizjak, Masa; Isoldi, KathyIn the ambit of the multinational project EATMOT undertaken in 16 countries (Argentina, Brazil, Croatia, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and United States of America) a study was undertaken to evaluate the motivations for food choices as influenced by variables linked to sustainability. In this way aspects related with minimization of transportation and storage of food products, minimization of package or use of eco-materials, respect for animal’s rights and policies of recovery of food surplus were studied. The food sector is a very important one and greatly contributes to the pressure over the ecosystems, either because a great amount of food is produced, many times in intensive regimens, to feed humans on earth or because those foods are nowadays traded all over the world, contributing for the increase of the ecological footprint, and most especially if the transportation requires refrigeration systems. Hence, nowadays consumers may be aware of these problems and condition some of their food choices to these aspects. The research was undertaken by means of a questionnaire survey on nearly 12 thousand participants, from the 16 countries cited above. Briefly, the results indicated that, in general the concerns with environment and sustainability are important for most of the participants. Specifically, 55.2% preferably choose foods form the season and 49.15 prefer to buy local foods. About half of the participants (50.4%) opt for foods that comply with sustainable processing and packaging and the minimal usage of packaging is important to 49.1%. While a great majority, 70.7% try to avoid food waste at home, when it to comes to frequenting restaurants that do not have a recovery policy of food surplus the percentage is much lower, only 18.6%. The animal´s rights are a conditioning factor for food choice for about half of the participants, 49.8%. Still, it was observed that many of the participants did not manifest their opinion, with a percentage varying between 17.2 and 46.7%. These findings are important to understand the level of commitment of the general population around the world with sustainability factors determining their food choices and on the other hand show that there is still an important part of the population that do not take care about sustainability aspects when buying or consuming food, which something that we do several times everyday and year after year.
- VRI23: 1st IPViseu Research & Innovation SummitPublication . Costa, Daniela (Ed.); Araújo, Lia (Ed.); Melão, Nuno (Ed.); Correia, Paula (Ed.); Marques Dos Santos, Paula (Ed.); Almeida, Ricardo M.S.F. (Ed.)O Livro de Resumos é o resultado do VRI23 – 1st IPViseu Research & Innovation Summit, na sua primeira edição, organizado no âmbito da Pró-Presidência da Investigação e Inovação e do Conselho Interno da Investigação e Inovação (CI3), do Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. Este primeiro evento procurou divulgar a Investigação e Inovação desenvolvida nas Unidades Orgânicas do IPV, no âmbito dos mestrados, nos anos de 2020 e 2021, nas mais variadas áreas do conhecimento. Para além disto, pretendeu-se ainda proporcionar momentos de partilha na academia e entre a academia e os diversos setores da comunidade envolvente, desde as empresas às organizações sociais, passando pelas entidades da Administração Pública e pelas associações representativas das diversas atividades económicas. Com este ebook, pretendemos, por isso, reforçar a divulgação dos trabalhos desenvolvidos, evidenciando a qualidade dessa produção científica e do seu potencial para contribuir para o desenvolvimento do território, quer ao nível da implementação de novas estratégias, quer ao nível da transferência do conhecimento científico das instituições de ensino superior para o mercado. A aliança entre o ensino superior e o mercado de trabalho deve ser encarada, cada vez mais, como uma prioridade estratégica que assegura o desenvolvimento e a sustentabilidade de todas as organizações. De facto, esta aliança é uma das chaves para a afirmação de todo o nosso território e para responder a todas as vicissitudes e desafios com que nos deparamos, no contexto nacional e internacional. Apenas conhecendo as necessidades e os desafios das nossas organizações, poderemos continuar a consolidar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, direcionando-o para uma investigação aplicada e garantindo a qualificação atualizada e adequada a essas mesmas demandas.
- Farinha de Castanha: caracterização e utilizaçãoPublication . Correia, Paula; Ferrão, A. C.; Silva, A. J.; Guiné, Raquel P. F.
- Investigation of the Level of Knowledge in Different Countries about Edible Insects: Cluster SegmentationPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Florença, Sofia G.; Costa, Cristina Amaro Da; Correia, Paula; Ferreira, Manuela; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Campos, Sofia; Anjos, Ofélia; Chuck-Hernández, Cristina; Sarić, Marijana Matek; Djekic, Ilija; Papageorgiou, Maria; Baro, José M. F.; Korzeniowska, Malgorzata; Černelič-Bizjak, Maša; Bartkiene, Elena; Tarcea, Monica; Boustani, Nada M.; Klava, Dace; Damarli, EmelThis study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge about edible insects (EIs) in a sample of people from thirteen countries (Croatia, Greece, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, and Turkey). Data collection was based on a questionnaire survey applied through online tools between July and November 2021. For data analysis, techniques such as factor analysis, cluster analysis, and chi-square tests were used, with a significance level of 5%. A total of 27 items were used to measure knowledge on a five-point Likert scale. Applying factor analysis with principal components and Varimax rotation, a solution that explains about 55% of variance was obtained. This accounts for four factors that retained 22 of the 27 initial items: F1 = Sustainability (8 items), F2 = Nutrition (8 items), F3 = Production Factors (2 items), and F4 = Health Concerns (4 items). Internal consistency was evaluated through Cronbach’s alpha. The cluster analysis consisted of the application of hierarchical methods followed by k-means and produced three clusters (1—‘fearful’, 2—‘farming,’ and 3—‘ecological’ individuals). The characterisation of the clusters revealed that age did not influence cluster membership, while sex, education, country, living environment, professional area, and income all influenced the composition of the clusters. While participants from Mexico and Spain were fewer in the ‘fearful’ cluster, in those from Greece, Latvia, Lebanon, and Turkey, the situation was opposed. Participants from rural areas were mostly in cluster 2, which also included a higher percentage of participants with lower income. Participants from professional areas linked with biology, food, and nutrition were mostly in cluster 3. In this way, we concluded that the level of knowledge about EIs is highly variable according to the individual characteristics, namely that the social and cultural influences of the different countries lead to distinct levels of knowledge and interpretation of information, thus producing divergent approaches to the consumption of insects—some more reluctant and measuring possible risks. In contrast, others consider EIs a good and sustainable protein-food alternative.