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- Promoting Local Development and Food Literacy in a Rural Angolan CommunityPublication . Inês Figueiredo; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Joana Andrade; Eduardo Santos; Vitor Martins; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Ferreira, ManuelaBackground/Objectives: In Angola, malnutrition contributes each year to the deaths of an estimated 42,000 to 76,000 children under the age of 5. Addressing this issue must stand as a priority and requires providing local residents with access not only to nutritious food but also to adequate and accurate information in order to facilitate informed dietary choices. As part of the “Seigungo—Health, Education and Quality of Maternal and Child Life in Gungo project”, a nutrition-focused study was conducted in Gungo, Angola to evaluate the effectiveness of a training model designed to enhance food literacy among residents. Methods: Data were collected using a 14-item questionnaire developed to assess various key domains of food literacy: information seeking and access; comprehension and thematic knowledge; critical evaluation of information and behaviour; practical application and sound decision-making. Results: Thirty trainees took part in the study, of which 60% were men, with a mean age of 45.6 years. The majority were single (53.3%) and had completed six years of formal education (26.7%). Before attending the training program, 86.7% of the participants demonstrated inadequate or problematic food literacy. Following the intervention, the proportion of participants with adequate food literacy increased significantly from 13.3% to 73.3% (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The training program had a statistically significant impact on improving food literacy.
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Empowerment in Rural AngolaPublication . Andrade, Joana; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Santos, Eduardo; FIGUEIREDO, INÊS; Vitor Bruno Nóbrega Martins; Ferreira, Manuela; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Ferreira, ManuelaBackground: This study focused on a community located in Sumbe, in the Kwanza Sul province of Angola. The community’s limited resources significantly affect the healthcare of its residents. Local beliefs and traditions exacerbate this issue. Considering this scenario and a preliminary diagnosis by the research team, the Seigungo project aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a training programme with different health-related modules. The module addressed in this study focused on sexual and reproductive health. Methods: This exploratory, quantitative, observational before-and-after study employed a descriptivecorrelational analysis with a sample of 30 participants (n = 30) who finished the training programme. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM® SPSS® Statistics, version 29.0. Results: The sexual and reproductive health literacy module of the implemented training programme proved effective. Considering the results before the training, 53.3% of the health promoters presented inadequate literacy levels, and after the training this number decreased to only 3.3%. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that education and community engagement may significantly improve the levels of literacy in sexual and reproductive health, which may result in better health decisions and outcomes.
- Healthy motivations for food consumption in 16 countriesPublication . de Pinho Ferreira Guiné, Raquel; Gonçalves, Joana; Florença, Sofia G.; Ferreira, Manuela; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Bartkiene, Elena; Djekic, Ilija; Tarcea, Monica; Rumbak, Ivana; Sarić, Marijana Matek; Černelič-Bizjak, Maša; Isoldi, Kathy; EL-Kenawy, Ayman; Ferreira, Vanessa; Klava, Dace; Korzeniowska, Małgorzata; Vittadini, Elena; Leal, Marcela; Papageorgiou, Maria; Anjos, OféliaAbstract: There are many factors that can influence people’s attitudes towards healthy eating, including personal nature, sociodemographic influences, and lifestyle. This work investigated to what extent the motivations for healthy food consumption are shaped in individuals from different countries. A questionnaire survey was carried out on a sample of 11,919 participants from 16 countries. The results indicated that the strongest motivations for healthy food consumption were related to the perception of consuming healthy food, eating foods rich in vitamins and minerals, allied to food safety and hygiene concerns. Significant differences were found in healthy motivations between countries. Additionally, the sociodemographic variables that had a higher influence on health motivation levels were country, age, and gender. Concerning the anthropometric and lifestyle variables influencing healthy motivation for food consumption, the discriminating variables were: believing in having a healthy diet, physical exercise, and chronic diseases. In conclusion, the work showed important differences in the motivations for a healthy diet in different countries, but other variables also play a role in the motivation for the consumption of foods for health and well-being.
- “What Does Gerotranscendence Mean to You?” Older Adults’ Lay Perspectives on the TheoryPublication . Abreu, Taiane; Araújo, Lia; Teixeira, Laetitia; Ribeiro, OscarBackground and Objectives: Gerotranscendence, a recent adaptive aging theory developed by Tornstam, postulates a mindset shift in old age from a materialistic viewpoint to a more transcendent one. Gerotranscendence is considered a promising aging model, as it approaches specific developmental challenges in late life. However, knowledge of this theory is still maturing and lacks laypersons’ perspectives to further validate its components. This study aimed to explore how older adults perceive gerotranscendence and gain insights of their understanding. Research Design and Methods: Three focus group discussions were conducted with 18 participants (59–98 years old; mean: 79.5 years). The protocol included open-ended questions on what gerotranscendence, and its dimensions meant (based exclusively on their designations), as well as on the theory’s components (after further explanation). The discussions were recorded and transcribed, and a content analysis was performed. Results: The data were organized into 2 themes: general suppositions and personal perceptions. This second theme was divided into (i) relatable thoughts and experiences and (ii) a different and complementary understanding of the theory. Discussion and Implications: Despite the lack of knowledge of the meaning of gerotranscendence, older persons presented clear evidence that this topic was meaningful for them and that they experienced aspects of the cosmic, coherence, and solitude dimensions of gerotranscendence. However, at specific points, some participants had distinctive and complementary ideas compared with those espoused by gerotranscendence theory. Obtaining laypersons’ perspectives provides a more in-depth understanding of gerotranscendence theory and the cultural aspects it may encompass.
- The Gerotranscendence Leading to Optimal Well-Being [GLOW] Program: A Feasibility Study in a Long-Term Care FacilityPublication . Abreu, Taiane; Araújo, Lia; da Costa Teixeira, Laetitia; Ribeiro, OscarObjectives: Gerotranscendence has gained recognition as an important psychosocial theory, with leading studies promoting it through intervention programs. However, to date, few interventions have involved older adults living in Long-Term Care (LTC) facilities. This study aimed to explore the viability of implementing six-week program on gerotranscendence [GLOW] in an LTC facility. Methods: A feasibility study was conducted with a group of six residents. Screening, consent, retention, adherence, and social validity indicators were considered. A Non- harmacological Therapy Experience Scale (NPT-ES) was used to assess the participation and engagement of each participant throughout the sessions. A focus group was also conducted. Results: The consent, retention, and adherence rates for the program were satisfactory (100%), while the screening rate (22.22%) was lower due to the inclusion criteria. Participants agreed that the program was important and interesting. The scores of NPT-ES were high and increased over the course of the sessions. Conclusions: The GLOW program can be considered a feasible, acceptable, and valuable tool for promoting gerotranscendence in older adults living in an LTC. Clinical Implications: Promoting an intervention rooted in gerotranscendence can be beneficial for older adults who live in LTC facilities on educational and emotional levels.
- The Growing One Century Club: Evolution of the Centenarian Population in Europe 2011–2021Publication . Teixeira, L.; Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar
- Gerotranscendence Intervention: Insights from a Pilot RCTPublication . Araújo, Lia; Abreu, Taiane; Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, LaetitiaAs the gerotranscendence theory gains visibility in the geron - tological field, activities and programs exploring its assumptions with older adults are emerging. Despite the potentialities of the existing interventions, these studies have key limitations, such as inconsistent outcome measurement, lack of randomized con - trolled trials (RCTs), and insufficient focus on long-term care (LTC) populations. This pilot study aims to present the structure and the benefits of a gerotranscendence program developed with older adults in LTC settings. Forty-four older adults (23 in the experimental group and 21 in the control) have participated in a RCT of a gerotranscendence intervention program, with six weekly sessions, conducted in four different LTC facilities. A protocol with the Gerotranscendence Scale (GST2), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used at the beginning and at the end of the inter - vention. After the post-test, two focus groups were conducted with participants from the experimental group to gather their views on the intervention and how gerotranscendence theory applied to their experiences. Although quantitative analyses revealed no significant changes in the outcome measures (GDS, SWLS, and GST2), qualitative findings provided valuable insights into participants’ perceptions and experiences with gerotrans - cendence, highlighting their redefined views on aging, the benefits of self-reflection, the importance of group dynamics, and the challenges of aging and living in LTC facilities. This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by exploring the structure and impact of a gerotranscendence program designed for older adults in LTC settings, using a mixed-methods approach.
- Autism Spectrum Disorder impact on Havighurst developmental tasks achievementPublication . Gomes, Laura; Mendes, Francisco; Martins, Emília; Fernandes, RosinaIntrodução: A Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo (PEA) é uma patologia do neurodesenvolvimento, geralmente identificada na infância, apesar do diagnóstico tardio em casos de maior funcionalidade. Havighurst propõe um conjunto de tarefas fundamentais ao longo do ciclo de vida, cuja realização é provavelmente comprometida na PEA, embora careça de evidência científica. Objetivo: Pretendeu-se compreender o processo de desenvolvimento de três adultos e um jovem, diagnosticados com PEA, níveI, em diferentes fases da vida, à luz do modelo teórico de Havighurst. Métodos: Através da metodologia das histórias de vida, realizaram-se entrevistas, que foram objeto de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram para a importância da deteção e intervenção precoces, minimizando as adversidades, sobretudo naqueles que tiveram diagnósticos tardios. A auto-perceção de sucesso, não esperada, foi encontrada em algumas tarefas de desenvolvimento (e.g. moralidade). Também se verificaram limitações esperadas relacionadas com a PEA (e.g. relações com os pares). Conclusão: É fundamental aprofundar a investigação sobre este modelo de desenvolvimento e sobre os fatores que atrasam o diagnóstico.
- Investigação e formação em questões de (des)igualdade de género com criançasPublication . Almeida, Ana Margarida; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Lacerda José, Carla Sofia Pereira; Ferreira, Manuela; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Guiné, RaquelIntrodução: As questões de género são um tema fundamental na atualidade, que importa debater desde cedo, a fim de contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma cidadania plena. Objetivo: Compreender as perspetivas das crianças sobre a igualdade de género, em geral e a nível profissional e salarial, antes e depois de uma intervenção pedagógica interdisciplinar no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB). Métodos: Estudo qualitativo que consistiu numa investigação sobre as práticas, utilizando diferentes técnicas de recolha de dados. Participaram 24 crianças, do 4.º ano, com idades compreendidas entre os 9 e 11 anos, de uma escola pública de um agrupamento de escolas do concelho de Viseu (Portugal). Resultados: Os dados revelaram que as crianças tinham já conhecimentos prévios sobre o assunto na linha do que a sociedade veicula. Todavia, a intervenção realizada levou a que muitas delas modificassem as suas perspetivas e se tornassem mais conscientes da influência de alguns estereótipos de género. As crianças manifestaram espanto pela diferença salarial entre homens e mulheres, sobre a qual não tinham ainda refletido e, em geral, demonstraram concordância em haver direitos iguais para todos no meio social e profissional. Conclusão: A educação para a igualdade de género é essencial em todo o percurso educativo. Com ela, as crianças têm a possibilidade de desconstruir preconceitos enraizados na sociedade, de desenvolver a sua personalidade de forma integral e de exercer os seus direitos cívicos com assertividade no futuro.
- Perceptions of higher education students regarding emergency remote education experiencePublication . Pereira, Andreia; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Margarida Campos, Sofia; Ferreira, ManuelaIntroducción: Durante la pandemia de COVID-19 fue necesario mitigar las repercusiones de la enfermedad, por lo que se aplicaron medidas de confinamiento, entre ellas la transición a la teleeducación de emergencia. Objetivo: Dado este cambio drástico, fue pertinente analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre la teleenseñanza de emergencia, a través de un estudio realizado al final del año escolar 2020/2021. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo exploratorio utilizando el análisis de contenido de las respuestas a una pregunta abierta que solicitaba a los estudiantes que describieran sus experiencias de aprendizaje durante la cuarentena. Se encuestó a una muestra de conveniencia de 438 personas, que representa el 10% de la población total de una institución de educación superior. Resultados: La experiencia de los estudiantes se describió mayoritariamente de forma negativa en términos de bienestar y académicos, destacando la falta de motivación, el aburrimiento y el estrés, así como las dificultades de aprendizaje, el aumento de la carga de trabajo y la presión. En menor medida, reconocieron la innovación y la comodidad de las rutinas diarias. Conclusiones: Estos datos permiten la reflexión sobre futuras prácticas de educación a distancia y la importancia de mantener la salud mental y el bienestar de los estudiantes durante los periodos de disrupción. Conviene señalar las limitaciones del estudio resultantes del enfoque metodológico, siendo inevitable un cierto nivel de subjetividad.